Efeito de níveis de fósforo no crescimento inicial, biomassa e atividade in vivo da fosfatase ácida em Lychnophora ericoides Mart

The effect of phosphorus levels on seedling growth, dry and fresh matter production, and in vivo acid phosphatase activity was studied in Lychnophora ericoides cultivated during 130 days after transplanting in a greenhouse. Experimental design was completely randomized, with four P 2O 5 levels (0; 40; 80; 160 mg dm -3 as triple superphosphate) and five replicates of four plants each. The used soil was dystrophic acid dark red latosol. Lychnophora ericoides is responsive to phosphate fertilization with modification in daily relative growth rate, dry matter production and distribution among the plant parts. Acid phosphatase activity had significant and negative correlation with total, leaf and stem dry matter production, as well as with P levels accumulated in the leaf tissue. On the other hand, acid phosphatase activity had significant and positive correlation with root/shoot ratio.

Carotenóides totais em Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miq. cultivadas in vitro

The aim of the present work was to compare the content of carotenoids between callus and regenerated plants of Pothomorphe umbellate. Germinated seeds (40 days old) were inoculated in different concentrations and combinations of BAP (benzylaminopurine) and NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) in order to stimulate the callus' production. After 60 days of culture, the callus containing some shoots were transferred to organogenesis medium (GA 3 0.1 mg L -1, BAP 0.5 mg L -1) for 40 days. Next, they were subcultivated in a medium for seedling growth (without regulators) for 40 days. Callus (collected after 60 days) and seedlings (collected after 140 days) were frozen in liquid nitrogen and kept under -80°C for future carotenoids' analysis. The highest concentration of carotenoids was found in plants cultivated in medium without regulators. The callus did not showed difference concerning the culture medium; however, they presented lower content of carotenoids in relation to plants.

Caracterização morfométrica de sementes e plântulas e germinação de anadenanthera macrocarpa (benth.) brenan

Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan is a tree species belonging to the family Leguminosae-Mimosoideae which is popularly known as mimosa-black. It features characteristics of early successional, natural occurrence in Brazil and can form clusters almost homogeneous, with great potential in the recovery of degraded areas. This study was conducted at the Center for Agricultural Sciences, University Federal of Alagoas state, aiming at the physical and morphological characterization of seeds, describing the various stages of post-seminal development, and to evaluate various conditions of temperature and substrate to perform the test germination. The seeds were manually extracted, then homogenized, where two samples of 50 seeds were used to determine the initial moisture. Another sample, consisting of eight repetitions of 100 seeds was used to measure the biometry and the number of seeds per fruit. The morphological characterization and the seeds were immersed in distilled water to allow the cuts to the observed structure in microscopes. In the post-seminal study, it was observed the daily processes of seedling growth in rolled paper filter and constant temperature of 30 °C. To assess the germination behavior, the constant temperatures of 15 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, 40 °C and 20-30 °C as well as the paper and the sand substrates were tested and it was evaluated the percentage, the rate of germination, the relative frequency distribution, and the tests conducted in a randomized design in factorial 5 x 2 (x substrate temperature) with four replicates of 25 seeds, and the averages compared by Duncan 5 % probability. The fruits of black angico show great variation in the seed number per fruit. The embryonic axis occupies part of the central region of the seed with axial and linear positions. The germination is epigeal and the seedlings are fanerocotylar. The temperature determines the 30 °C and the filter paper substrate provided higher average percentage and germination rate.

Doses e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura na qualidade fisiológica de sementes de milho doce

The amount and timing of nitrogen application can favor seed quality, such as increasing protein content, which is an important constituent for embryo development. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of sweet corn seeds collected from plants cultivated with different dosages and timings of nitrogen top-dressing applications. Seeds of the BR 400 variety (Super Sweet) were used obtained from plants submitted to dosages of 0, 40, 80 and 120kg ha -1 of N in two top-dressing applications (vegetative and reproductive stages). The weight of 100 grains, germination, first count of germination test, dry weight of normal seedlings from the germination test, seedling growth, cold test, accelerated aging, tetrazolium vigor and electric conductivity and emergency speed rate were determined. Data was submitted to an analysis of variance using the F-test at the 5% level and second degree regression analysis. The dosage and time of application of nitrogen top-dressing did not affect seed weight or the germination of sweet corn seeds. An increase of the N top-dressing dosage, applied in the vegetative stage reduced the length of the aerial part, the root and the whole seedling.

Estratégias para produção de mudas de tomateiro utilizando paclobutrazol

The modern tomato production, either for fruit table production or for processing, has required quality seedlings, able to withstand environmental adversities after planting and maintaining the standard genotype productive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three concentrations of PBZ (0, 50 and 100 mg L-1) and two methods of application (seed treatment and watering seedlings) on seedling emergence and seedling production of tomato growth indeterminate. We adopted a completely randomized in a 2x3 factorial scheme with four replications. We evaluated the seedling emergence, the rate of speed of emergence, seedling height and diameter of hypocotyl and their absolute growth rate (TCA), leaf area, dry weight of shoots, roots and total, and reason leaf area (RAF). Results were subjected to analysis of variance and the mean levels of the factor methods of application compared by Tukey test at 5% and the mean levels of the factor concentrations subjected to regression analysis. The application of paclobutrazol via seedlings watering did not affect seedling emergence, significantly reduced the rate of seedling growth and, consequently, the size of the seedlings without affecting the diameter of hypocotyl, plus allow accumulation of dry roots. A concentration of 50 mg L-1 was shown to be sufficient to obtain seedlings more compact, subject to leaf area, the application via watering, beyond allowing an increase of about 37% in dry weight of roots.

Removal of a combination of endocrine disruptors from aqueous systems by seedlings of radish and ryegrass

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are widespread in the environment, especially aquatic systems, and cause dangerous effects on wildlife and humans. This work was aimed to assess the capacity of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seedlings to tolerate and remove two combinations of EDs containing bisphenol A (BPA), 17α-ethynilestradiol (EE2), and linuron from four aqueous media: distilled water, a solution of natural organic matter (NOM), a lake water and a river water. Seeds of the two species were germinated in each contaminated medium and, at the end of germination, the seedling growth was evaluated by biometric measurements and residual EDs were quantified by chromatographic analysis. Biometric measurements revealed that the phytotoxicity of the two combinations of EDs depended on the medium used. Radish showed a discrete tolerance in distilled water and lake water but was inhibited in the solution of NOM and river water. Ryegrass was negatively affected mainly in river water. The concentration of each ED appeared significantly reduced in all media in the presence of seedlings of both species, but not in the blanks without plants. In 5 days, radish removed up to 88% of BPA, 100% of EE2 and 42% of linuron, and in 6 days ryegrass removed up to 92% of BPA, 74% of EE2 and 16% of linuron. The considerable removal capacity of radish and ryegrass in all media tested encourages the use of phytoremediation to remove EDs from waters. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

Qualidade de sementes de crambe submetidas a métodos de secagem e períodos de armazenamento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uso de biossólidos como substrato para produção de mudas de pinus e eucalipto

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Biodegradação e avaliação fitotoxicológica do diesel e do biodiesel

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Estresse térmico no conteudo de prolina de plântulas de guandu oriundas de sementes tratadas com poliaminas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Potencial fisiológico de sementes de crambe (Crambe abyssinica)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Utilização de composto orgânico de lodo de esgoto como substrato para produção de mudas de eucalipto

Pós-graduação em Ciência Florestal - FCA

Ecofisiologia de espécies ocorrentes em uma floresta de restinga

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Enxertia de plantas de pimentão em Capsicum spp. no manejo de nema tóides de galha

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Crescimento e conteúdo de prolina em plântulas de guandu submetidas a estresse osmótico e à putrescina exógena

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da aplicação da poliamina putrescina no acúmulo de prolina e no crescimento inicial de plântulas de guandu cultivadas sob estresse hídrico ou salino, e avaliar se esta poliamina pode ser usada como atenuadora desses estresses. Sementes de duas cultivares de guandu, BRS Mandarim e Caqui, foram germinadas em caixas gerbox forradas com papel de filtro umedecido com 0,0, -0,2, -0,3, -0,4, -0,5 MPa de PEG 6000 ou 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 120 mmol L-1 de NaCl, na ausência (0 mmol L-1) ou na presença (0,5 mmol L-1) de putrescina. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2x5x2 e 2x6x2 (duas cultivares, cinco níveis de deficiência hídrica ou seis níveis de estresse salino, e presença ou ausência de putrescina), com quatro repetições. O crescimento das plântulas é acentuadamente reduzido pelas condições de restrição hídrica e salinidade. A putrescina exógena incrementa, sob ambos os estresses, os teores de prolina nas plântulas de guandu, especialmente na cultivar BRS Mandarin, e atenua os efeitos da deficiência hídrica moderada nas cultivares estudadas. Os estresses de restrição hídrica e de salinidade causam acúmulo de prolina na parte aérea e nas raízes de ambas as cultivares. A prolina pode ser considerada um bom indicador bioquímico e fisiológico desses estresses em plântulas de guandu.