Percepção da criança sobre a hospitalização

Regardless of their age, hospitalized children suffer from being separated from their mothers or their attachment figures. Hospitalization is a process that is difficult for children to cope with due to their separation from families, everyday environments and embedded disease scenarios. According to age, the intensity of such suffering is related to the development phase in which a child is found. The health care professionals that are close to children, not only as concerns care provision, but also emotionally, should be knowledgeable about the mother-child attachment. emotionally, should be knowledgeable about the mother-child attachment. To evaluate children’s perception of hospitalization. The study was conducted at the pediatric hospitalization unit of the Botucatu School of Medicine University Hospital – UNESP by means of interviews with hospitalized children aged 7 – 12 years and by using content analysis according to Bardin. Most of the interviewed children did not like the hospital environment and reported to miss their homes. From their statements, they showed their dissatisfaction in relation to pain and their submission to invasive procedures, which were the main complaints during the interviews. Our results agree with those found in the literature in relation to the hospital environment when the children reported the fact that they missed their homes as a difficulty to adapt. The analysis of results in this study and in previous ones led to the reflection on the importance of the presence of a relative during children’s hospitalization and the adaptation process. Despite their dissatisfaction in relation to invasive procedures, none of the children tried to stop the performance of tests and understood their importance. This is a characteristic of the operational phase, which comprises the development of perception of a whole situation and is when... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Percepção dos portadores de hanseníase acerca do auto cuidado

This study aimed at evaluating the perception of leprosy patients, the disease, with regard to its concept and self-care practice, as well as their knowledge concerning drug therapy. Fifteen patients participated in the study, of whom 11 were classified as multibacillary and 04 as paucibacillary. Semi-structure interviews containing six guiding questions were used for data collection, and the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) was utilized as a theoretical framework. Analysis was performed based on the Theory of Complexity. It showed that patients suffer pain, a fact that is reflected on the need to change habits and prevent disability. It also showed that patients have doubts and feel insecure about treatment and prognosis, and that they are also the target of social prejudice even thought the term leprosy has been replaced by Hansen‟s disease. As regards self-care, the subjects showed lack of autonomy, limitations and subjection to instructions from health care professionals, who, according to the discourse that emerged, are mostly responsible for transmitting the knowledge concerning self-care practice. This fact can be explained by evidence of self-knowledge deficit by the the subjects. Concerning polychemotherapy treatment, which is recommended by the Ministry of Health, it was observed that the knowledge concerning its action and adverse effects is precarious. This information is provided during consultation; however, CSD showed that the subjects do not apprehend it. Therefore, health care professionals must instruct their clients not only as regards conventional treatment practices, but they must also help them to know themselves and to improve their critical judgment so that they can choose the best form of living after being diagnosed with the disease, thus guiding self-care by taking such choice into account

A visita domiciliar na formação médica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise do comportamento de compra de medicamentos isentos de prescrição e da automedicação

Os Medicamentos Isentos de Prescrição (MIPs) são de venda livre que têm como propósito tratar sintomas e distúrbios menores, sendo responsáveis pela movimentação de bilhões de dólares a cada ano mundialmente. É permitida a veiculação de propagandas direta ao consumidor, não sendo obrigatória a apresentação da prescrição. A disponibilidade e o consumo de MIPs podem impactar a saúde, economia e a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos, portanto se faz necessário compreender o comportamento e as motivações dos consumidores pelos MIPs e a prática da automedicação. Para tanto, conduziu-se um estudo entre março e junho de 2014 por meio de entrevistas com perguntas abertas referentes a classes terapêuticas adquiridas para automedicação, frequência com que os consumidores compraram MIPs e se automedicaram, os problemas de saúde que os motivaram a se automedicarem e a comprarem MIPs e à prática da automedicação. Foram entrevistados 47 consumidores entre 18 e 70 anos residentes em Araraquara/SP. A indicação familiar é o fator de influência mais recorrente (14), seguida pela indicação do balconista da drogaria (11) e amigos (6). A classe de MIPs mais consumida pelos entrevistados é a de analgésicos, que está relacionada com a ocorrência de dores de cabeça e musculares, sendo que a compra de MIPs ocorre, no mínimo, uma vez por mês. As motivações para a compra são principalmente o preço (33) seguido da marca (30). A automedicação ocorre também para o alívio de dores e a maioria alegou saber o conceito da automedicação porém, ainda assim, afirmou administrar por conta própria medicamentos MIPs e/ou sujeitos a prescrições, sem orientação de um profissional de saúde.

Burnout em dentistas do serviço público: ter ou não ter, eis a questão!

Objective: the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in dentists in the public service in the city of Araraquara – SP and its association with the variables of interest. Material and method: The sample was made up of the dentists active in the public health network (n = 60). Socio-demographic data was collected. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used. Result: Of the participants, 60.0% were female and the average age was 41.9 ± 7.6 years. A large number of the professionals displayed a normal perception of the work conditions, premises, materials and equipment. 63.3% of the individuals feel tired even before arriving for work, 58.3% need more time to relax and to feel better, 70.0% are unable to deal well with the pressures of work, 50.0% feel they have no energy during or after work and 86.7% do not consider the work to be a positive challenge. It was observed that 48.3% of dentists displayed Burnout Syndrome, 11.7% Detachment and 13.3% Exhaustion. There was a significant association between the presence of Burnout and gender (p = 0.020) and the work premises (p = 0.011), with men being the most affected and those that considered the work premises very poor. Conclusion: It was concluded that the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among dentists is high, with men and those who consider the work premises bad being the most affected.

Síndrome de burnout em dentistas do serviço público

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aspetos da vida universitária e a síndrome de burnout

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Síndrome de Burnout em cirurgiões-dentistas com diferentes atuações profissionais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Obtenção e utilização de imagens de pacientes: proposta de termo de consentimento à luz do direito brasileiro

Ao atender um paciente, muitas vezes o profissional da saúde fotografa ou filma o caso. Há, via de regra, duas razões básicas para tal atitude. A primeira é para a documentação do caso per se, e as imagens ficarão restritas ao prontuário clínico do paciente. E, se porventura algum dia houver um litígio envolvendo aquele determinado tratamento, tais imagens poderão ser utilizadas como meio de prova. A segunda razão diz respeito à divulgação do caso clínico, com a sua publicação em periódicos científicos, apresentação em aulas, cursos, congressos e similares. Pode-se citar ainda uma outra razão: o uso das imagens para a divulgação dos serviços do profissional que conduziu o tratamento/procedimento. Para a obtenção/gravação das imagens, faz-se necessário o consentimento do paciente, ou de seu responsável legal (no caso de incapaz). Porém, a imagem produzida somente poderá ser utilizada para os fins específicos a que se destinou inicialmente. Se porventura o profissional tiver intenção de usá-la, por exemplo, em publicações, precisará do consentimento específico para este fim. Vale lembrar que a própria Constituição Federal da Brasil assegura tal direito. A produção de imagens de pessoas e a sua divulgação em meios acadêmicos, por exemplo, ocorre não somente em atendimentos clínicos, como também em pesquisas que envolvam seres humanos. É necessário respeitar as normas éticas e legais relacionadas ao uso de imagens. Este trabalho apresenta uma proposta de Termo de Consentimento para obtenção e uso de imagens de pacientes de profissionais da saúde.

Extensão universitária e trabalho voluntário na formação do acadêmico em odontologia

The aim of the present study was to point out the importance of the experience of undergraduate dental students in extra-curricular activities and volunteer work, as a means through which to gain essential knowledge and abilities for their professional lives. A literature review of the Medline, Scielo, and Lilacs databases was carried out in an attempt to select articles related to the university extension and volunteer work of undergraduate dental students. It is still extremely difficult to include university extension and volunteer work as an important activity in Dentistry courses. However, the presentday work market demands professionals who have expertise not only in dental techniques, but also in the socio-cultural characteristics of communities, considering that people need to be comprehensive in their psychosocial aspects in order to be treated as a complete professional. Therefore, university dentistry courses should give equal consideration to both oral rehabilitation skills and the promotion of general healthcare, acquired mainly through extracurricular activities, in an attempt to redeem the integral education of the healthcare professional. Moreover, students should pay closer attention to the opportunities offered during their undergraduate courses, as the work market for dentists is becoming more and more competitive. Moreover, the dentist whose professional life is limited to the dental office will most certainly forgo the opportunity to act in other social areas as well as the recognition that comes with such acts.

O Papel do cirurgião-dentista nas desordens alimentares: uma revisão de literatura

As desordens alimentares são um grupo de desordens psicopatológicas, nas quais o paciente relaciona os alimentos ingeridos com seu próprio corpo e, podem ameaçar a vida, como a anorexia e bulimia nervosa. Durante a progressão das desordens alimentares, pode ocorrer uma série de manifestações orais, as quais exercem um papel fundamental no diagnóstico, caracterização e prognóstico dessas desordens. O cirurgião dentista é, na maioria das vezes, o primeiro profissional da saúde a observar os sintomas clínicos de uma desordem alimentar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a etiologia, características, manifestações orais, e tratamento das lesões orais decorrentes das desordens alimentares. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO, Bireme, durante o período de 1987 a 2013. Verifica-se assim que os primeiros sinais desenvolvidos em pacientes com desordens alimentares aparecem na cavidade oral, cabendo ao cirurgião dentista identificar esses sinais e relacioná-los às desordens.

Hipomineralização molar-incisivo em escolares da rede municipalde ensino da área urbana e rural de Manaus-AM

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Evidências à intervenção de enfermagem controle de infecção da classificação das intervenções de enfermagem: orientação e ensino sobre a lavagem das mãos

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem - FMB

As interfaces da convivência da família em uma unidade de pronto socorro

The aim was to describe the positive and negative aspects in a family communication at an emergency care unit. This is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The sample consisted of 20 family members / caregivers of patients admitted to the emergency room of a university hospital. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews applied during the period of May-June 2011. Data analysis was performed using the methodological framework of the Collective Subject Discourse which resulted in four themes: Lack of information compromising the family/health professional ties; The ideal model of information provided by the professional regarding the condition of the hospitalized relative; Assessment of information provided about hospital routines; and The role of the relative/companion. Therefore, for the patient and his family, communication is presented as a tool on the care given with the function of transmitting safety, respect and guidance. However when it is incomplete, it becomes a potential form of stress and dissatisfaction.

Estudo com familiares de pacientes com câncer de mama: abordando conhecimento sobre fatores de risco

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women worldwide, with one million new cases confirmed each year. This study aimed at identifying the knowledge of patients? relatives concerning the risk factors (RF) for BC. It is a descriptive quantitative study carried out in the Chemotherapy Technical Division of a University Hospital in São Paulo state, Brazil, from September to October 2006. Only female (30) relatives were included due to the fact that BC is more frequent in females. The major RF cited were family history for BC 33.3% (10), smoking 16.6% (5), alcoholic-drink consumption 10% (3), animal-fat-rich diet 3.3% (1). Other factors such as not breastfeeding, environmental factors, use of oral contraceptives and hormone-replacement therapy were mentioned by 10% (3) of the relatives. It was concluded that the relatives of patients undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment showed to have little knowledge concerning RF for BC. Hence, it is important to rethink the inclusion of the health education process in the family scenario. This issue reaches far beyond thesimple transmission of information. Healthcare professionals and nurses in particular, must focus on these individuals? social context, values, beliefs and needs.