188 resultados para Polyacrylamide hydrogel
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Rhoptries have been isolated from Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites by subcellular fractionation in isopynic density sucrose gradient. Five bands were observed, and transmission electron microscopy of these indicated that rhoptries were in band 3. This band had a density of 1.17g/cm(3). Fraction 1 had membrane structures of the parasite. Fraction 2 contained membranes and mitochondria (Fig. 1 B). Fraction 4 had mostly conoid structure (Fig. 2B) and fraction 5 showed ghosts. The electrophoretic and Western blotting analysis of the fractions indicated the presence of a number of proteins. Iscoms were constructed from band 3, which contained the rhoptry structures. Iscom showed a only protein incorporated of 55 kDa. Isolation of the parasite organelles has got in this work is necessary to identification, characterization, and function elucidation of the organelle proteins. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a sobrevivência do clone H13 de Eucalyptus urograndis sob dois manejos hídricos de viveiro, plantados em dois solos, com e sem a adição de polímero hidroabsorvente (hidrogel). O plantio foi realizado em vasos mantidos em estufa, com dois tipos de solo: um arenoso e outro argiloso. Cada vaso recebeu 2,5 L de solo, um litro de água e o hidrogel na proporção de 0,4 g vaso-1 (120 mL de gel). O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições. Os sintomas de estresse, nos vários níveis avaliados, sempre se manifestaram primeiro nas plantas no solo argiloso, de modo mais acentuado naquelas que foram mantidas sem estresse de água na fase de viveiro. Isso garantiu que as plantas sobrevivessem por um período menor sem água, variando de 14 a 20 dias (com e sem hidrogel, respectivamente), enquanto, no solo arenoso, a sobrevivência foi maior, de 29 a 34 dias (com e sem hidrogel, respectivamente). Apesar da não significância estatística, os resultados com o hidrogel possibilitam, em ambos os solos, maior flexibilidade operacional na intervenção com novas irrigações.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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We investigated the effects of treatments with the enzymes pepsin and trypsin on the in vitro immunological reactivity of the major globulins found in the seeds of sweet lupin, chickpea, and lentil. Polyclonal major globulin-specific antiserum was obtained by immunization of rabbits with a solution of the 11 S globulin of each legume. The globulins were hydrolyzed with pepsin and trypsin for 1, 5, 15, and 30 min. The native globulins and their hydrolysates were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting to identify the polypeptide bands with antigenic activity, and the hypoantigenicity of the hydrolysates was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results show that enzymatic treatment of the major storage protein (11 S globulin) of sweet lupin, chickpea, and lentil with pepsin or trypsin lead to the formation of large amounts of short peptides and free amino acids that do not allow antibody binding, resulting in a weakened immunoreactivity.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The chickpea vicilin-like globulin was isolated and chromatographed on Sepharose CL-6B and Sephacryl S-300. The native globulin with a molecular weight of 140 kDa was resolved in Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) in seven polypeptide bands in the range of 12.4-67 kDa. The solubility profile of the protein in water and NaCl solutions was typical of a legume globulin. The purified vicilin-like globulin, native and heated, was hydrolyzed by pepsin, trypsin and chymotrypsin. The hydrolysis patterns indicated that the native vicilin-like protein was only partially degraded by the enzymes in comparison with casein. Heating increased its susceptibility to hydrolysis relative to the native form, for all the enzymes. However, the results obtained by the pH-drop method revealed that the in vitro digestibility of the vicilin-like protein was not altered by heating, while 11 S-like and total globulins suffered a small increase, indicating that the structural characteristics of storage globulins may be important factors limiting the protein digestion. (c) 2007 Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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The yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. bulgaricus produced large amounts of extracellular inulinase activity when grown on inulin, sucrose, fructose and glucose as carbon source, This protein has been purified to homogeneity by using successive DEAE-Trisacryl Plus and Superose 6 HR 10/30 columns. The purified enzyme showed a relative molecular weight of 57 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and 77 kDa by gel filtration in Superose 6 HR 10/30, Analysis by SDS-PAGE showed a unique polypeptide band with Coomassie Blue stain and nondenaturing PAGE of the purified enzyme obtained from media with different carbon sources showed the band, too, when stained for glucose oxidase activity, the optimal hydrolysis temperature for sucrose, raffinose and inulin was 55 degrees C and the optimal pH for sucrose was 4.75, the apparent K-m values for sucrose, raffinose and inulin are 4.58, 7.41 and 86.9 mg/ml, respectively, Thin layer chromatography showed that inulinase from K. marxianus var. bulgaricus was capable of hydrolyzing different substrates (sucrose, raffinose and inulin), releasing monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, the results obtained suggest the hypothesis that enzyme production was constitutive.
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Os objetivos deste estudo foram estabelecer um protocolo para a análise de minissatélites ou VNTRs e microssatélites ou STRs em pacientes que se submeteram ao TMO alogênico; verificar a validade da metodologia e dos loci estudados e avaliar o tipo de recuperação do paciente. Foram analisados o DNA do paciente anterior e posterior ao transplante de 14 indivíduos e dos respectivos doadores. Amplificações por PCR de seis loci: D1S80, SE33, HumTH01, 33.6, HumARA e HumTPO foram realizadas. Os produtos amplificados foram separados por eletroforese vertical em gel de poliacrilamida, e os fragmentos visualizados por coloração pela prata. Esse procedimento mostrou ser válido na verificação da recuperação alogênica, autóloga e provavelmente na quimérica. da somatória dos loci estudados, 63,1% apresentaram resultados possíveis de serem avaliados e, desses, 19,0% mostraram resultado informativo, 13,1% parcialmente informativo e 31,0% não informativo. Os 36,9% restantes não foram possíveis de avaliação. Dos loci avaliados, o que demostrou maior índice de resultado informativo foi o SE33, parcialmente informativo o HumTPO e não informativo o HumTH01, sendo o locus 33.6 o que mais apresentou resultados não possíveis de serem avaliados. Por outro lado, determinou-se a recuperação do paciente posterior ao transplante em 71,4% dos indivíduos, sendo que, desses, 90% apresentaram recuperação alogênica e 10% recuperação autóloga.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Toxocara vitulorum is a nematode parasite of the small intestine of cattle and water buffalo, particularly buffalo calves between one and three months of age, causing high morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this research was to characterize the excretory/secretory (ES) antigens of T vitulorum larvae by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and Western blot (WB), using immune sera and colostrum of buffalo naturally infected by T vitulorum. The parasitological status of the buffalo calves was also evaluated using sequential fecal examinations. The results showed that the ES antigen revealed eight (190, 150, 110, 90, 64, 56, 48, and 19 kDa) protein bands by SDS-PAGE. The majority of these bands were recognized in the sera and colostrum of infected buffalo with T vitulorum when analyzed by WB. However, particularly fractions of high molecular weight (190, 150, 110, and 90 kDa) were represented in more prominent bands and persisted in the groups of buffalo calves at the peak of egg output, as well as during the period of rejection of T vitulorum by the feces of the calves. During the period of post-rejection of the worms (between the day 118 and 210 of age) the serum antibodies did not react with any protein bands. on the other hand, sera from buffalo calves at one day of age (after suckling the colostrum and at the beginning of infection) reacted with the same bands detected in the serum and colostrum of the buffalo cows.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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OBJETIVOS: O presente estudo teve como objetivo cultivar condrócitos retirados da articulação do joelho de coelhos encapsulados em hidrogel de alginato (HA) e caracterizar a produção de matriz extracelular (ECM). MÉTODOS: A cartilagem articular foi removida do joelho de coelhos, com três a seis meses, fragmentada em pedaços de 1mm e submetida à digestão enzimática. Uma concentração de 1x106 céls/mL foram ressuspensas em uma solução de alginato de sódio a 1,5% (w/v), em seguida fez-se o processo de gelatinização em CaCl2 (102 mM), permitindo a formação do HA e cultivo em meio DMEM-F12 durante quatro semanas. A distribuição das células e a ECM foram acessadas através das secções histológicas coradas com e azul de toluidina hematoxilina e eosina (HE). RESULTADOS: Houve um aumento no número e na viabilidade dos condrócitos durante as quatro semanas de cultura. Através das análises histológicas dos HAs corados com azul de toluidina e HE foi possível observar a distribuição definida dos condrócitos no hidrogel, assemelhando-se a grupos isógenos e formação de matriz territorial. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo demonstrou a eficiência do HA como arcabouço para ser usado na cultura de condrócitos, constituindo uma alternativa no reparo de lesões na cartilagem articular.
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Heart failure is associated with a skeletal muscle myopathy with cellular and extracellular alterations. The hypothesis of this investigation is that extracellular changes may be associated with enhanced mRNA expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). We examined MMP mRNA expression and MMP activity in Soleus (SOL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and diaphragm (DIA) muscles of young Wistar rat with monocrotaline-induced heart failure. Rats injected with saline served as age-matched controls. MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA contents were determined by RT-PCR and MMP activity by electrophoresis in gelatin-containing polyacrylamide gels in the presence of SDS under non-reducing conditions. Heart failure increased MMP9 mRNA expression and activity in SOL, EDL and DIA and MMP2 mRNA expression in DIA. These results suggest that MMP changes may contribute to the skeletal muscle myopathy during heart failure.