Use of Moringa oleífera Lamarck leaf extract as sugarcane juice clarifier: effects on clarifed juice and sugar

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract on the sedimentation of impurities in the treatment of sugarcane juice and the effects on sugar quality and on the clarified juice. The experimental design used was a 4x2 factorial arrangement with four replications. The main treatments performed included the extracted original sugarcane juice, the synthetic polyelectrolyte (Flomex 9076), the leaf extract, and a control. The secondary treatments consisted of the sugarcane varieties RB92579 and RB867515. The clarification process used was simple defecation, in which the flocculating agents and the juice, limed and heated, were poured simultaneously into a decanter. The microbiological and chemico-technological characteristics of the extracted and clarified juices were evaluated. The clarified juice was concentrated up to 60° Brix (syrup) and subjected to boiling in a pilot pan using seeds to perform the graining: The sugar was recovered by centrifugation and analyzed for microbiological and chemico-technological characteristics. It was concluded that the use of the Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves extract resulted in a better quality of clarified juice and sugar.

Critical adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto charged Janus nanospheres

Based on extensive Monte Carlo simulations and analytical considerations we study the electrostatically driven adsorption of flexible polyelectrolyte chains onto charged Janus nanospheres. These net-neutral colloids are composed of two equally but oppositely charged hemispheres. The critical binding conditions for polyelectrolyte chains are analysed as function of the radius of the Janus particle and its surface charge density, as well as the salt concentration in the ambient solution. Specifically for the adsorption of finite-length polyelectrolyte chains onto Janus nanoparticles, we demonstrate that the critical adsorption conditions drastically differ when the size of the Janus particle or the screening length of the electrolyte are varied. We compare the scaling laws obtained for the adsorption-desorption threshold to the known results for uniformly charged spherical particles, observing significant disparities. We also contrast the changes to the polyelectrolyte chain conformations close to the surface of the Janus nanoparticles as compared to those for simple spherical particles. Finally, we discuss experimentally relevant physicochemical systems for which our simulations results may become important. In particular, we observe similar trends with polyelectrolyte complexation with oppositely but heterogeneously charged proteins.

Extratos de moringa no tratamento do caldo de cana e reflexos sobre a fermentação alcoólica

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Fabricação de filmes ultrafinos automontados para aplicações em células a combustível

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Adsorção de polieletrólitos em superfícies opostamente carregadas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Reflexos da clarificação do caldo de cana com moringa sobre compostos inorgânicos do açúcar VHP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de dispersões sólidas e nanopartículas poliméricas mucoadesivas de Zidovudina e avaliação da interação biológica com a mucosa intestinal

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Computer simulation of configurational properties of partially ionized polyelectrolytes

Monte Carlo simulation methods were used in order to study the conformational properties of partially ionized polyelectrolyte chains with Debye-Hückel screening in 1:1 electrolyte solution at room temperature. Configurational properties such as the distributions of probability for the square end to end distances, for the square radii of gyration and for the angles between polyion bonds were investigated as a function of the chain ionization and the salt concentration. © 1993.

Temperature dependence of conformational properties of short polyelectrolytes from simulations at a single temperature

We use a series expansion method introduced recently by Rickman and Phillpot (Phys. Rev. Lett. 1991, 66, 349) to study the temperature dependent conformational properties of short ionized polyelectrolyte chains in ionic solutions by conducting simulations at a single temperature. The charged beads located at the sites of a cubic lattice interact through screened Coulombic interactions. It is shown that this method provides results that correlate with other Monte Carlo simulations, performed over a range of temperatures, where conformational transitions induced by thermal and screening effects occur. It is also shown that the method can be used successfully when the potential is weakly dependent on temperature. © 1994 American Chemical Society.

Moringa extracts used in sugarcane juice treatment and effects on ethanolic fermentation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sugarcane juice treatment using Moringa oleifera leaf and seeds extracts on ethanolic fermentation. The experiment was arranged in a split plot statistical design, with four replications. Main treatments were three sedimentation agents (synthetic polyelectrolyte, moringa leaf and seed extracts) and control while the secondary treatments were two sugarcane varieties (RB867515 and CTC4). Extracted sugarcane juice was clarified by simple defecation with pH adjusted to 6.0. The flocculating agents were added in a decanter before the limed juice. After then, the juice was standardized to 16° Brix at pH 4.5, and musts were inoculated with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, FT858. At the end of the fermentation process, wines were recovered by centrifugation. In all experimental stages, extracted juice, clarified juice and wine were chemically and technologically characterized. The use of moringa leaf and seed extracts as sedimentation adjuvants did not increase the sedimentation speed of impurities. However, there was a high sludge compaction, which was essential for maintenance of yeast and bud population at the beginning of fermentation, and yeast budding rate in the end. The use of different sedimentation agents as adjuvants in juice treatment did not affect wine quality and ethanol yield.