Analysis of the smile photograph.

Optimal facial esthetics is one of the objectives in orthodontic treatment and an important issue in modern society. In this context, orthodontic treatment permits individuals with dental malpositions to achieve improved dentofacial esthetics. To reach this result, the orthodontist needs to recognize the characteristics considered normal and pleasant in dental arches and smiles. The objective of this article is to review and discuss criterion adopted by dental literature to technically analyze the smile, such as dental midline, smile line, dental exposure, negative space, dental proportion, and symmetry. This article proposes a way to visualize an ideal smile for each patient.

Oral health of the elderly with Alzheimer's disease

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the oral health of elderly people diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Study Design: Thirty elderly subjects with AD (mild, moderate, and severe) and 30 without AD (controls) were included in the study. Volunteer-reported oral health data were collected using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Demographic and oral characteristics were assessed, including the number of natural teeth; number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMTF); oral health index (OHI); removable prosthesis conditions; and oral pathologies. Results: GOHAI values were similar for both groups. Compared with the controls, the subjects with AD had a higher age, DMTF, OHI, and number of oral pathologies and a lower educational level and number of natural teeth. Conclusions: Elderly subjects with AD had poorer oral health than those without the disease. Despite the positive self-perception of their oral health, the oral health of subjects with AD tended to decline as their disease progressed. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.

Information Visualization to support decision making in the context of distance learning: A study with VLE TelEduc

Digital data sets constitute rich sources of information, which can be extracted and evaluated applying computational tools, for example, those ones for Information Visualization. Web-based applications, such as social network environments, forums and virtual environments for Distance Learning, are good examples for such sources. The great amount of data has direct impact on processing and analysis tasks. This paper presents the computational tool Mapper, defined and implemented to use visual representations - maps, graphics and diagrams - for supporting the decision making process by analyzing data stored in Virtual Learning Environment TelEduc-Unesp. © 2012 IEEE.

The perception of brazilian researchers concerning the factors that influence the citation of their articles: A study in the field of sustainability

With growing institutional pressure from the Brazilian government to increase the impact of research that it funds, Brazilian researchers are increasingly interested in discovering factors that affect the citation of their articles. The aim of the present article was to assess the perceptions of Brazilian sustainability researchers to identify factors that influence the impacts of their research. A survey was conducted with researchers in the field of sustainability and 89 questionnaires were completed. All of those researchers have articles or research projects in the field of sustainability (mixing environmental, social and/or economical) recorded in the Scielo or Lattes Curriculum Brazilian databases. Results suggest four factors that may explain the impact of article citations: (1) prestige of the author and the research network; (2) prestige of the means of publication and indexing; (3) accessibility and quality characteristics of the article; and (4) international nature of communication and scope of the study. Surprisingly, such factors were not statistically significant in explaining the citations of the participating researchers. These results show the need to consider other factors that can explain the impact of research, discovering the missing links. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

The calcium wave model of the perception-action cycle: Evidence from semantic relevance in memory experiments

We present a general model of brain function (the calcium wave model), distinguishing three processing modes in the perception-action cycle. The model provides an interpretation of the data from experiments on semantic memory conducted by the authors. © 2013 Pereira Jr, Santos and Barros.

Searches for Higgs bosons in pp collisions at s=7 and 8 TeV in the context of four-generation and fermiophobic models

Searches are reported for Higgs bosons in the context of either the standard model extended to include a fourth generation of fermions (SM4) with masses of up to 600 GeV or fermiophobic models. For the former, results from three decay modes (ττ, WW, and ZZ) are combined, whilst for the latter the diphoton decay is exploited. The analysed proton-proton collision data correspond to integrated luminosities of up to 5.1 fb-1 at 7 TeV and up to 5.3 fb-1 at 8 TeV. The observed results exclude the SM4 Higgs boson in the mass range 110-600 GeV at 99% confidence level (CL), and in the mass range 110-560 GeV at 99.9% CL. A fermiophobic Higgs boson is excluded in the mass range 110-147 GeV at 95% CL, and in the range 110-133 GeV at 99% CL. The recently observed boson with a mass near 125 GeV is not consistent with either an SM4 or a fermiophobic Higgs boson. © 2013 CERN.

Using baseline methods to identify non-technical losses in the context of smart grids

Demand response has gained increasing importance in the context of competitive electricity markets and smart grid environments. In addition to the importance that has been given to the development of business models for integrating demand response, several methods have been developed to evaluate the consumers' performance after the participation in a demand response event. The present paper uses those performance evaluation methods, namely customer baseline load calculation methods, to determine the expected consumption in each period of the consumer historic data. In the cases in which there is a certain difference between the actual consumption and the estimated consumption, the consumer is identified as a potential cause of non-technical losses. A case study demonstrates the application of the proposed method to real consumption data. © 2013 IEEE.

Canaíma no contexto dos romances sobre a selva / Canaíma in the context of the novels about the jungle

No presente artigo, em continuação a outros trabalhos já publicados, a autora procura localizar o romance Canaíma de Rômulo Gallegos no contexto das obras latino-americanas que abordam o tema da selva. Através de alguns componentes – temáticos e estruturais – comuns a elas, mostra as diferenças que situam o romance venezuelano em um ponto ficcional que vai desde Rivera a Carperntier In this paper, in continuation of previously published articles, the authors attempts to situate the novel canaima by romulo Gallegos in the context of the Latim American works which tacks the theme of the jungle. Through some thematic and structural components common to them, she shows the differences which place the Venezuelan novel in an intermediate point in the fictional trajectory which goes from Rivera to Carpentier.

CONTRIBUTIONS OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TO THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE BRAZILIAN ELECTRONICS SECTOR

The objective of this paper is to identify and analyze various aspects of the internal and external operations management of Brazil's electronics sector and to consider the opportunities for and the threats to increasing the competitiveness of its participation in the global supply chain. To address this shortage in the literature, a survey of Brazilian Electric and Electronic Industry Association (ABINEE) companies was conducted. The collected data were complemented with secondary data to establish an overall view of the electronics sector in Brazil. The results suggest that electronics product assembly companies have the opportunity to invest more in information technology to expand process integration, plan and develop products, integrate customers, and maintain rather than expand their supply chain practices. The alignment between internal and external operations management becomes important in this context. The originality of this paper lies in its clarification of operations management in an economically important sector and the insight it provides to academics, practitioners and policy makers involved in the domestic and international electronics sector.

Double-objective economic statistical design of the VP T-2 control chart: Wald's identity approach

Research has shown that applying the T-2 control chart by using a variable parameters (VP) scheme yields rapid detection of out-of-control states. In this paper, the problem of economic statistical design of the VP T-2 control chart is considered as a double-objective minimization problem with the statistical objective being the adjusted average time to signal and the economic objective being expected cost per hour. We then find the Pareto-optimal designs in which the two objectives are met simultaneously by using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Through an illustrative example, we show that relatively large benefits can be achieved by applying the VP scheme when compared with usual schemes, and in addition, the multi-objective approach provides the user with designs that are flexible and adaptive.

Influence of spacing in the upper lateral incisor area on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypeople with respect to the presence of diastemas in the upper lateral incisor in the mesial, distal, and both surfaces using an oblique smile analysis. Methods: Two standardized oblique photos of pleasant smiles from two white women were selected. Images were digitally altered to create diastemas in the lateral incisor, in 0.5-mm increments, in the mesial, distal, or both surfaces. Final images were randomly assembled in a photo album, which was given to 120 judgesd60 orthodontists and 60 laypersons. Each rater was asked to evaluate the attractiveness of the images on a visual analog scale. The data collected were submitted to statistical analysis by the means of one-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test and the unpaired Student’s t test. Results: The most attractive smile was the one without spacing, and the presence of diastemas was considered unattractive by both groups of raters, following a pattern: the greater and the more mesially located, the more unattractive was the smile. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that diastemas in the upper lateral incisor area were considered unattractive, following a pattern: the greater and the more mesially located, the more unattractive was the smile.

Validation of a measuring instrument for the perception of oral health in women

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

The anuran calling repertoire in the light of social context

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)