Detecting migrants in populations of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 3 from potato in North Carolina using multilocus genotype probabilities

The relative contribution of migration of Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 3 (AG-3) on infested potato seed tubers originating from production areas in Canada, Maine, and Wisconsin (source population) to the genetic diversity and structure of populations of R. solani AG-3 in North Carolina (NC) soil (recipient population) was examined. The frequency of alleles detected by multilocus polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms, heterozygosity at individual loci, and gametic phase disequilibrium between all pairs of loci were determined for subpopulations of R. solani AG-3 from eight sources of potato seed tubers and from five soils in NC. Analysis of molecular variation revealed little variation between seed source and NC recipient soil populations or between subpopulations within each region. Analysis of population data with a Bayesian-based statistical method previously developed for detecting migration in human populations suggested that six multilocus genotypes from the NC soil population had a statistically significant probability of being migrants from the northern source population. The one-way (unidirectional) migration of genotypes of R. solani AG-3 into NC on infested potato seed tubers from Canada, Maine, and Wisconsin provides a plausible explanation for the lack of genetic subdivision (differentiation) between populations of the pathogen in NC soils or between the northern source and the NC recipient soil populations.

Animais aquáticos de importância médica no Brasil

The injuries caused by venomous and poisonous aquatic animals may provoke important morbidity in the victim. The cnidarians (jellyfishes, especially cubomedusas and Portuguese-Man-of-War) caused nearly 25% of 236 accidents by marine animals, while sea urchins were responsible for about 50% and catfish, stingrays and scorpionfish nearly 25%). In freshwater, stingrays and catfish cause injuries with a very similar mechanism to the poisoning and the effects of the toxins of marine species. In a series of about 200 injuries observed among freshwater fishermen, nearly 40% were caused by freshwater catfish, 5% freshwater stingrays and 55% by traumatogenic fish, such as piranhas and trairas. The author presents the aquatic animals that cause injuries to humans in Brazil, the clinical aspects of the envenoming and the first measures for the control of the severe pain observed mainly in the accidents caused by cnidarians and venomous fishes.

Gender, tourism, and participatory appraisals at the Corumbau Marine Extractive Reserve, Brazil

The Corumbau Marine Extractive Reserve was created in a region of rich biodiversity, located in the South of Bahia State, Brazil, to meet the revindications of artisanal fishermen in a context of increasing predatory industrial fisheries. The aim of the Marine Extractive Reserve is to improve the sustainability of fisheries stocks and the economy of artisanal fishermen's families, protecting the local biodiversity for the locals' collective use. However, at Corumbau the natives are facing social problems that have increased due to tourism growth. The present research contributes to the Management Plan in sectors that are crucial to assess the aspirations and subjective aspects related to the natives' daily life at individual, familiar and communitary levels. The Participatory Appraisal with a Gender Equity Perspective (PAGP) was applied to five communities at RESEX Corumbau, showing, by gender, the greatest problems artisanal fisheries' families are facing. Tourism is growing in the area, reflecting the residents different and contradictory interests. It can develop commerce and jobs, but also intensify some social and environmental problems in this area. © Society for Human Ecology.

Marine catfish sting causing fatal heart perforation in a fisherman

Many marine catfish have serrated bony stings (spines), which are used in defense against predators, on the dorsal and pectoral fins. While catfish-induced injuries are generally characterized by the pain associated with envenomation, the stings in some species are sufficiently long and sharp to cause severe penetrating trauma. Most injuries are to the hands of victims, commonly fishermen. We report the death of a fisherman caused by myocardial perforation from a catfish sting. To our knowledge, this is the first such description in the medical literature.

Existe utilização efetiva dos recursos vegetais conhecidos em comunidades caiçaras da Ilha do Cardoso, estado de São Paulo, Brasil?

This study aims to investigate if plant resources are effective used by caiçaras' communities of the Cardoso Island. We also want to verify if the biogeografic origin of plants, their uses and socioeconomic factors influence the locals' knowledge. We carried out 51 semi-structured interviews with people who have been living there for at least 5 years, who were older than 18. We concluded that the interviewees' knowledge is still diverse and that most of the plants known are used by them (82%). Native plants are largely known, while the exotic ones are the most used (95%). Knowledge and use vary according to the use of plants, although they were very similar, considering the interviewees' age and gender. We also realized that housewives use a large quantity of medicinal plants, which are mainly the exotic ones. Fishermen know and use native plants, usually for handicraft purposes. The environmental guides and people, whose job is tourism related, have a similar knowledge, especially about medicinal plants, which are less used when compared with the other professional activities.

Avaliação dos impactos econômicos do potencial de desenvolvimento da mitilicultura no município de Ubatuba-SP

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Histórias de pescadores: memórias de vidas submersas

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Estudo da dieta do Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus, 1758) e Ocyrus chrysurus (Bloch, 1791), teleostei :perciformes: lutjanidae, no banco dos abrolhos, Bahia, Brasil e pesca das principais espécies de lutjanídeos e serranídeos na região

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBRC

Tempo de festas: homenagens a Santa Bárbara, N. S. da Conceição e Sant'Ana em Salvador (1860-1940)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Outra banda: lugar de quem?

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Os pescadores e as ilhas desconhecidas, de Raul Brandão: entre itinerários e paisagens, a miséria

Pós-graduação em Estudos Literários - FCLAR

Fishery of the Uçá Crab Ucides Cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) in a Mangrove Area in Cananéia, State of São Paulo, Brazil: Fishery Performance, Exploitation Patterns and Factors Affecting the Catches

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo etnobiológico da interação dos pescadores de cerco-fixo com as tartarugas marinhas da região de Cananéia, litoral sul de São Paulo

Marine turtles are reptiles that occur on the Brazilian coast and can travel very large distances between feeding and nesting grounds. Five species found in Brazil are threatened. The consumption of turtle meat and eggs is an ancient habit in many coastal communities around the world. The main causes that threaten these species are the increase in fishing and the drastic changes in the environment. The presence of turtles near the beaches and their accidental capture were reported by fishermen in the region of Cananéia, where this work was developed. This study was also made based in interviews of fishermen that living in the area and the follow up of their fishing activities. This methodology made possible to identify the turtles in the area, the behavior of the fishermen with these animals and the relation between non-commercial fishing and turtles. The fishing traps area has a direct relation with the capture of turtles. The higher incidence of turtle capture is usually next to islands, rocky coasts, low lands and bay entrances, which are areas where the most common species of the region (Chelonia mydas) normally look for food. The fishermen opinions about the critical situation of these species and their conservation has also been studied. Several programs in Environmental Education for the communities of the region have been recommended

Cardiomiopatia hipertrófica felina: revisão bibliografica

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heart disease in the feline specie, more frequently affecting pure-breed males such as Ragdolls and Maine Coons. HCM can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary, when other diseases such as hyperthyroidism are involved. The disease is characterized by an increase in the diameter and thickness of the left ventricular wall, with consequent diastolic dysfunction. Mitral regurgitation happens due to compromised ventricular filling, leading to an increased left atrium size and consequent cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Along with the progress of modern veterinary medicine, many diseases could be addressed more successfully on small animal internal medicine, such as feline HCM. This article brings a literature review of the feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, focusing on its etiology, physiopathology, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, therapeutics and prognosis

Cádmio, chumbo, cromo, mercúrio e níquel nos rios do estado de São Paulo e em peixes do Rio Sorocaba (São Paulo, Brasil)

To verify the levels of concentration of some heavy metals in fishes from Sorocaba river (São Paulo, Brazil) and evaluate if this contamination offers health risks to the fishermen, 63 samples of fishes collected from four points along the river were studied for cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel and mercury, with emphasis in this last, since it is the most toxic and most probable as a fish contaminant. Analyzing muscle samples by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry it was shown that the fishes are not contaminated. None of the five metals studied were present in prohibitive level and the fishes could be judged secure for human consume. It was also analyzed data from four years of cadmium, lead, chromium, nickel and mercury monitoring made by CETESB, from 1997 to 2000, in water from the main rivers of the State of São Paulo. The study pointed out that the majority of the monitored rivers still present contamination by those metals in a level that requires an improvement of the pollution control actions.