Violência doméstica: o que se espera do profissional de saúde?

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A Construção de sentidos sobre a violência doméstica por crianças vítimas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

ExperimentAR-TE: as oficinas de recursos expressivos em uma casa abrigo

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Delegacia de defesa da mulher: um lugar de queixas - queixas de um lugar

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

Responsabilidade do estado no combate à corrupção

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Prevalência de lesões causadas por mordidas humanas e desenvolvimento de técnica para análise de mordidas na pele em investigações criminais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Violência familiar, pauperismo e sociabilidade burguesa: a vida das famílias atendidas no CREAS II em Ribeirão Preto-SP

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

A efetivação do direito humano à paz por intermédio da Defensoria Pública: atuação em favor da vítima na presecução penal

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

Sistema atende mulher: sistema de informação no centro de referência da mulher Ednalva Bezerra

The physical, psychological, sexual, moral and patrimonial violence affects women of different ages, social classes, ethnic and racial groups, levels of education and religion, all over Brazil. One of the obstacles in the strategies of prevention and facing violence against women, in public care services, focuses on the absence of an information system, automation of data and care flows. The existence of reliable data is essential for performing diagnoses, goals and conducting research on women in situations of violence who access the service agencies. In this sense, the goal of research is to present the experience of implementing a policy of data management called Woman System, in Ednalva Bezerra Women's Reference Center, which offers host/psychological and social care, guidance and legal referral for women that face any violence situation. As methodological paths, we adopt research in action. In our analyzes, we found that in this kind of public service, the use of the data system may improve the full and humanized care to women in situations of violence. Thus, the System Woman Care, still a developing phase, appears to improve the flow of relevant information within the institution, driving a process of knowledge, decision-making and intervention against gender violence.

A violência familiar sofrida na infância: uma investigação na adolescência

This study aims to highlight the prevalence of situations of domestic violence experienced by adolescents during their childhood. It is cross-sectional study with 372 adolescents enrolled in a vocational training institution, Araçatuba-SP, utilizing the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), translated and validated. Gender and social class were also investigated. According to the results, 180 adolescents were female and 192 were male. The predominant social class was B2 (39.2%). Seventy two percent of teens reported having experienced at least some form of violence during childhood. Mild (28.7%) and moderate (9.2%) emotional abuse were the most prevalently associated, as well as between: physical and emotional violence, physical and sexual, physical and emotional neglect, sexual and emotional abuse, emotional neglect and emotional. Regarding social class, no associations were found. In conclusion, most teens suffered abuse in childhood, with a prevalence of emotional violence.

O distanciamento entre a formação e a prática profissional

The training of the dentist should be aligned with the demands of social needs. For this to happen, contents related to the main problems faced by the population, such as domestic violence, must be addressed in their education. The present study aims to evaluate the degree of knowledge of dentists in relation to domestic violence, as well as verify that the Curriculum Grades of five private Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and five state HEIs are in accordance with what is required in Curriculum Matrices established for undergraduate dentistry. It is a cross-sectional study with the application of a questionnaire to dentists of Basic Units of a small municipality in the interior of São Paulo and analysis of the Political-Pedagogical projects and curricular matrices of the HEIs. It was found through this research that only 9.1% of dentists know how domestic violence cases are recorded, 20% are familiar with the legislation and all the professionals are not aware of the records of notifications of violence. With respect to the curricula, between 86.37% and 94.12% of the curriculum content is focused on technical disciplines. A lack of professional efforts in addressing the problem in what refers to the identification and reporting of cases and, the lack of awareness of the legislation on the subject was found. There was also the need to adapt the curricula of the HEIs towards an approach of the subject, seeking to adequate them by the demand of the society with regard to the responsibility of the dentist in the treatment, notification and prevention of the phenomenon.

Use of near-infrared Raman spectroscopy to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in serum samples of domestic cats

Near-infrared Raman spectroscopy (NIRS) is a particularly promising technique that is being used in recent years for many biomedical applications. Optical spectroscopy has gained increasing prominence as a tool for quantitative analysis of biological samples, clinical diagnostic, concentration measurements of blood metabolites and therapeutic drugs, and analysis of the chemical composition of human tissues. Toxoplasmosis is an important zoonosis in public health, and domestic cats are the most important transmitters of the disease. This disease can be detected by several serological tests, which usually have a high cost and require a long time. The goal of this work was to investigate a new method to diagnosis Toxoplasma gondii infections using NIRS. In order to confirm antibody detection, 24 cat blood scrum samples were analyzed by the Raman spectra, from which 23 presented positive serology to toxoplasmosis and one was a reference negative serum. Characteristic Raman peaks allowed differentiation between negative and positive sera, confirming the possibility of antibody detection by Raman spectroscopy. These results give the first evidence that this technique can be useful to quantify antibodies in cat sera.

Response to experimental vaccination against newcastle disease in domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos): Clinical and immunological parameters

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women

Background: Sexual violence is considered a serious violation of human rights which affects mainly young women and adolescents. There is little information about the conditions under which sexual offences occur. We evaluated characteristics of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women.Method: This is a quantitative, retrospective, descriptive study of sexual violence against adolescent girls and adult women. Analyses were carried out on data collected from 1118 women, 546 adolescents (10-19 years) and 572 adults (>= 20 years), with a complaint of rape treated at Hospital Perola Byington, Sao Paulo, between 1994 and 1999. The age limit of the adolescent sample met the World Health Organization's (WHO) criteria. We analyzed the type of sexual contact, degree of intimidation, perpetrator and activity of the victim during the approach.Results: Crimes without penetration were five times more frequent in adolescents and use of threats of death or intimidation was common in both groups. Mental illness was more prevalent in adult victims and the majority of adolescent victims were aged < 14 years. Uncle and stepfather perpetrators were more frequent among adolescents and partners or former intimate partners in adult women. In most cases the approach occurred in public places, although sex crimes at the perpetrator's residence were more frequent amongst adolescents.Conclusions: Although children and adolescents require the same intervention measures and legal protection, a considerable proportion of adolescent sex offenders can face conditions similar to those of adult women.

Violence against children and adolescents: awareness and attitudes of Brazilian dentists

Violence against children and adolescents, ranging from negligence to sexual abuse, is an imperative public health problem. The ill treatments are considered as nonaccidental traumas, actions or omissions against children, who suffer physical or emotional violence. The main perpetrators are fathers, mothers, guardians, family, friends or the children‘s primary caretaker. It is very important to identify abuse cases, because this allows proper medical and legal intervention. In Brazil, the law n. 8.069, of July 13, 1990, known as the ECA -Statute for Children and Adolescents (SCA), stipulates the obligation to report suspected or confirmed cases of ill treatment against a child or adolescent to the Guardianship Council of the respective locality. The health professionals play a crucial role with regard to identifying cases of violence, collecting information, making early diagnosis of suspect cases and reporting such cases to the authorities. The dentists can contribute significantly, as most injuries occur in the orofacial region. Bite marks, burns, bruising, among others, are easily identified during a dental consultation. The aim of this work was to verify the awareness and attitudes of Brazilian dentists concerning violence against children and adolescents. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara – São Paulo State University (FOAr – UNESP). Sixty-three dentists answered an open and closed questionnaire concerning their formation, knowledge, experience and attitudes towards ill-treated children and adolescents. Among other results, thirty-nine dentists (61.9%) affirmed to have the means to identify illtreatment cases, 13 (20.6%) reported having some experience on this matter, but only 8 reported the cases to the Council of Guardianship, as determined by Brazilian law. Twenty percent of the reasons presented for not notifying the Council were fear of reprisal, and 60.0% were uncertain concerning the ethical and legal implications. Physical violence was the most reported form of identified violence (76.9%), followed by negligence (38.5%). Among the 13 professionals that had experience with violence cases, in 10 cases the perpetrators were identified – in 70.0% of the cases, the parents were the originators of such violence. It was concluded that further formation and orientation are necessary, in order to prepare dentists to act correctly when, during their professional activities, they encounter cases of violence against children and adolescents.