Detecção dos genes de virulência e identificação do perfil clonal de isolados de Staphylococcus aureus colonizantes de nasofaringe otbtidos em estudo de base populacional

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Avaliação de desempenho organizacional: um estudo aplicado em hospitais filantrópicos

An evaluation of organizational performance requires studies that encompass the specificities of the object under analysis, which is valid for health organizations. However, this type of organization has little support from Administration techniques and knowledge, thus generating deficiencies in management and control. As a result, the objective of this article is to develop a model for evaluating the specific performance of philanthropic hospitals and to compare the efficiency of those organizations. A theoretical model was createdand subsequently validated by specialists. A data envelopment analysis was conducted by means ofusing the data from 70 hospitals, collected in afield research. The conclusion is that there is no great availability of managerial information in Brazilian hospitals, and elements were pointed out for increasing sample efficiency.

Morte e morrer: opinião dos profissionais de saúde de uma unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica

Presently, the dying process and death most often occur in hospitals and, particularly, in Intensive Care Units (ICU), where patients’ lives are prolonged thanks to advanced technological devices and highly efficient medicines. To learn about the opinion of health care professionals working at a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in relation to the dying process and dying. This is a descriptive quantitative study. A questionnaire was applied to the unit’s staff members from June to August, 2011. Data were statistically analyzed. Twenty-five professionals answered the questionnaire, and 72% faced death as a natural life process. 60% felt compassion, but that feeling did not interfere with how they cared for patients. Concerning their professional training, 52% reported not to have received any concerning patients’ caregivers in the dying process or death; therefore, they experienced such situation when they were already working, and 76% reported to be interested in updating courses on that theme. Further discussion about this topic during academic education is necessary. It is also necessary to provide health care professionals with specialization courses, debates and experience exchange so that they can better understand and deal with their feelings and limitations in face of death and thus give better care to patients and relate to patients’ families during the dying process of a loved one

Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem sobre o Projeto Hospitais Sentinela em um hospital do interior paulista

This study aimed to assess knowledge of nursing professionals (nurses, technicians and nursing assistants) on the Project Sentinel Hospitals in a state hospital in the interior of and identify the occurrence of under-reporting of hospital products and the reasons that prevented the team to notify them. This is a study of a descriptive and exploratory, held in a public hospital in the interior of which serves only patients of the Unified Health System (SUS). The study sample consisted of 245 nurses. Data analysis revealed that the majority of nurses and nursing assistants refers knowledge about Project Sentinel Hospitals. In relation to the Practical nurses less than half know Hospitals Project Sentry. Knowledge of the four spheres of Hospitals Project Sentinel is higher among nurses. Among the practical nurses and nursing assistants prevailing knowledge in the area of Pharmacovigilance. The nurses have more knowledge about the process of notification and are major notifiers. Technicians and nursing assistants are those who have greater interest in learning content as a whole Hospitals Project Sentry. The nurses were the professionals who witnessed the most under-and under-reporting associated with the fear, lack of knowledge on the subject, insecurity and lack of time. It can be concluded that the study identified the knowledge of nurses on Project Sentinel Hospitals and the procedure for notification of technical defects and adverse events related to health products as well as identify the presence of under-reporting among professionals. In addition, the study shows the importance and need for greater disclosure of the activities developed by Project Sentinel Hospitals among nursing professionals through meetings, lectures, brochures, among other outlets

Impact of educational interventions on adverse drug events reporting

Spontaneous adverse drug events (ADE) reporting is the main source of data for assessing the risk/benefit of drugs available in the pharmaceutical market. However, its major limitation is underreporting, which hinders and delays the signal detection by Pharmacovigilance (PhV). To identify the techniques of educational intervention (EI) for promotion of PhV by health professionals and to assess their impact. A systematic review was performed in the PUBMED, PAHO, LILACS and EMBASE databases, from November/2011 to January/2012, updated in March/2013. The strategy search included the use of health descriptors and a manual search in the references cited by selected papers. 101 articles were identified, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. Most of these studies (10) were conducted in European hospitals and physicians were the health professionals subjected to most EI (12), these studies lasted from one month to two years. EI with multifaceted techniques raised the absolute number, the rate of reporting related to adverse drug reactions (ADR), technical defects of health technologies, and also promoted an improvement in the quality of reports, since there was increased reporting of ADR classified as serious, unexpected, related to new drugs and with high degree of causality. Multifaceted educational interventions for multidisciplinary health teams working at all healthcare levels, with sufficient duration to reach all professionals who act in the institution, including issues related to medication errors and therapeutic ineffectiveness, must be validated, with the aim of standardizing the Good Practice of PhV and improve drug safety indicators.

Grau de conhecimento dos cirurgiões-dentistas sobre odontologia hospitalar

The aim of this research was to investigate the knowledge, judgment, monitoring and execution of the dentists regarding Hospital Dental Care. Five hundred dentists from Araçatuba (São Paulo state) answered a questionnaire. The results showed that 49% of professionals have never had experience at hospitals and 64% affirmed that this content is poorly approached in graduation. Also 46% of respondents have no interest or don’t think necessary acting in a hospital and 24% believe that this care is done by specialists only. It can be suggested that there is a lack of knowledge about Hospital Dental Care, thus the dentist shall be instructed since academic training for insertion into the hospital team.

Quimiluminescência como fonte de luz alternativa na terapia fotodinâmica

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Uso de experimentos, confeccionados com materiais alternativos, no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Física: Lei de Hooke

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Casa de ferreiro, espeto é de pau: gestão de recursos hídricos em duas organizações universitárias

As water is essential for human survival and university organizations are responsible for spreading new knowledge and values through teaching, research and extension, this paper examined how two university organizations deal with a most precious resources, the Water, through its environmental management activities. To communicate the survey, this article is structured in three parts: the first is a brief reflection on environmental management in the university hospitals and the issue of water resources, then presents the methodological procedures for the conduct of research. Finally, we present the empirical evidence from case studies and discussions relevant to the research, followed by proposals on best practices in managing water resources that universities could adopt under review. It can be concluded that the possession of knowledge and cutting-edge research in several areas that universities do not provide an exemplary way to manage their water resources, ie, isolated and fragmented initiatives of Colleges ALPHA and BETA do not guarantee the environmental sustainability of campus, a As one can see that the units are not achieving academic success in the overflow of its knowledge and research for an effective internal environmental management, especially its water resources.

Análise dos atendimentos obstétricos realizados pelo SAMU de Botucatu, SP

Pós-graduação em Enfermagem (mestrado profissional) - FMB

The presence of fungi on contact electrical stimulation electrodes and ultrasound transducers in physiotherapy clinics

Objectives To evaluate the presence of fungi on contact electrodes and ultrasound transducers from physiotherapy clinics.Design Quantitative study conducted at the Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology of Piaui - NOVAFAPI, Teresina, Brazil.Setting Sample collection was performed in 10 clinics ( 20 ultrasound transducers and 20 contact electrodes).Main outcome measures Swabs were soaked with saline solution, inoculated in culture and incubated for filamentous fungi and yeast growth.Results Fourteen taxons were identified: Acremomium hyalinulum (Sacc.), Aspergillus terreus, Candida albicans, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cladosporium elatum, Cladosporium oxysporum, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Cladosphialophora bantiana, Curvularia clavata, Curvularia senegalensis, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium decumbens, Scopulariopsis candida and Sporothrix schenckii. Aspergillus terreus, Cladosporium oxysporum, Sporothrix shenckii and Candida albicans were found most often on contact electrodes, and Penicillium decumbens and Cladosporium cladosporioides were found most often on ultrasound transducers.Conclusion Fungi were found on all of the contact electrodes and ultrasound transducers. Physiotherapy professionals need to improve the disinfection procedures for this equipment. (C) 2010 Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Molecular typing of bacterial strains isolated from the Clinics of Surgery and Face Traumatology at Ribeirão Preto University

The number of infectious illnesses and cross infection is spreading drastically among the professionals of the dentistry area. Controlling infections in dental offices is one of the greatest challenges for dentists and researchers of this area. In practice, contacts between professionals and infected patients are relatively common. The transmission of infectious illnesses from the health professionals to their patients is also possible, either by direct contact or due to lack of cares in relation to biosafety, increasing the cycle of cross infection. Molecular typing is necessary since these methods are an important tool to investigate the epidemiology of bacterial infections. Moreover, they are important for supplying information and precedents through the analysis of the infectious agents eletrophoretic profile. The aim of the present work was to analyze by molecular typing the genomic profile of aerobic bacteria isolated from the Clinics of Surgery and Face Traumatology, Ribeirão Preto University, through the technique of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and grouped based on similarity coefficients. Of two carried out collections, 55 strains were isolates belonging to the following groups: 12 Staphylococcus aureus; 13 Klebsiella oxytoca; 7 Klebsiella pneumoniae; 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa; 5 Hafnia alvei; 5 Proteus vulgaris; 4 Escherichia coli; and 1 Proteus mirabilis. The adopted molecular typing strategy allowed the determination of the persistence of definitive strains at the collection environment, besides the identification of strains proceeding from the hands and gloves of the surgeon dentists, which could have been found in distant places as sinks and reflectors.

Complete denture wearing and fractures among edentulous patients treated in university clinics

Objective: The prevalence of wearing and fracture of complete dentures was evaluated among edentulous patients treated in two dental schools in Brazil. Background: Acceptance and wearing of complete dentures are related to adaptive behaviour of edentulous patients. However, one reason that could interfere with the wearing dentures is their potential to fracture, which is still a common complication in denture rehabilitation practice. Material and methods: Two hundred and twenty-four edentulous patients rehabilitated with complete dentures from 2000 to 2005 in Araçatuba and Araraquara Dental School, University of State of São Paulo, were assessed in 2006 and 2007 to answer a questionnaire about wearing and fracture of their dentures. Statistical analysis were performed using Epi Info software and chi-squared test to compare maxillary and mandibular data (α = 0.05). Results: Almost 26% of the patients did not wear their dentures, and among the remainder, the majority wore the maxillary denture. About 30% of the dentures were fractured, with higher prevalence in the maxillary arch (p = 0.003). Conclusions: Discontinuation of wearing dentures was quite high, especially considering the treatment which was carried out in university clinics. Prevalence of fractures was also high, greater for the maxillary denture, and was one of the main reasons for non-wearing of complete dentures. © 2011 The Gerodontology Society and John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Small hospitals matter: insights from the emergence and spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in 2 public hospitals in inner Brazil

Although vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are reported in Brazil since 1996, data on their impact over settings of different complexity are scarce. We performed a study aimed at identifying determinants ofVRE emergence and spread in a public hospital consortium (comprising 2 hospitals, with 318 and 57 beds) in inner Brazil. Molecular typing and case-control studies (addressing predictors of acquisition or clonality) were performed. Among 122 authocthonous isolates, 106 were Enterococcus faecium (22 clones), and 16, Enterococcus faecalis (5 clones). Incidence was greater in the small-sized hospital, and a previous admission to this hospital was associated with greater risk of VRE colonization or infection during admission to the larger one. Overall risk factors included comorbidities, procedures, and antimicrobials (piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime, and imipenem). Risk factors varied among different hospitals, species, and clones. Our findings demonstrate that VRE can spread within low-complexity facilities and from these to larger hospitals. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.