639 resultados para Holandês (Bovino)


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Avaliou-se o efeito da eletroacupuntura (EA) sobre os aspectos macroscópicos e microscópicos em 36 coelhos que tiveram o tendão calcanear comum seccionado e que, após 30 dias, receberam enxerto de peritônio bovino conservado em solução saturada de sal. Após a cirurgia, os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos de igual número: os do grupo E10 foram estimulados pela EA do segundo ao 11º dia de pós-operatório, os do grupo E20 do 11º ao 31º dia de pós-operatório e os do grupo C não foram estimulados. Posteriormente, os animais foram redistribuídos em três subgrupos de igual número, os quais foram observados no pós-operatório por 11, 31 e 91 dias. Nos coelhos do E10 e E20, ocorreu diminuição de aderência da área enxertada aos tecidos circunvizinhos. Aos 31 dias de pós-operatório, observou-se nos do E10 tecido conjuntivo. Verificou-se intensa neovascularização no local enxertado em todos os animais que receberam estímulo pela EA. Nos coelhos do E10, aos 91 dias, verificou-se intensa quantidade de tecido conjuntivo, com fibras colágenas organizadas e paralelas ao eixo do tendão. O estímulo pela EA na fase precoce do pós-operatório estimulou a maturação cicatricial com mínima reação inflamatória.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar as herdabilidades e as correlações genéticas do peso (P12) e do perímetro escrotal (PE12) de machos aos 12 meses de idade, da idade de descarte (TPR, tempo de permanência no rebanho) de fêmeas e do número (ND10) e de quilogramas (QD10) de bezerros desmamados pelas fêmeas em até dez anos de idade, em um rebanho da raça Canchim. Foram utilizadas 1.370, 826, 826, 2.726 e 1.051 observações de TPR, ND10, QD10, P12 e PE12, respectivamente. As estimativas dos componentes de (co)variância foram obtidas pelo método bayesiano, para todas as características em questão, P12, PE12, TPR, ND10 e QD10. O modelo estatístico incluiu, além dos efeitos aleatórios genético aditivo direto e residual, os efeitos fixos de ano de nascimento do animal para todas as características, de mês de nascimento para P12 e PE12 e da covariável idade do animal para PE12. As estimativas de herdabilidade, obtidas pelas análises unicaráter foram iguais a 0,38; 0,52; 0,24; 0,33 e 0,34 para P12, PE12, TPR, ND10 e QD10, respectivamente, indicando que as características possuem variação genética aditiva suficiente para apresentar boa resposta à seleção. As correlações genéticas de TPR (0,33 e 0,33, respectivamente), ND10 (0,38 e 0,30, respectivamente) e QD10 (0,61 e 0,41, respectivamente) com P12 e PE12, obtidas pelas análises bicaráter, sugerem que a seleção com base no peso e no perímetro escrotal dos machos não deve resultar em decréscimo no tempo de permanência das fêmeas no rebanho e no número e quilogramas de bezerros produzidos pelas fêmeas em até dez anos de idade.

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Avaliou-se a relação entre os testes complementares (teste hiposmótico, teste de termorresistência lento e teste de reação acrossômica) e os testes de avaliações convencionais (aspectos físicos e morfológicos) de sêmen bovino congelado/descongelado e os índices de prenhez. Os valores médios da motilidade espermática progressiva retilínea avaliados pelo teste de termorresistência foram de 53,48 (pós-descongelamento), 43,69 (60 minutos), 35,88 (120 minutos) e 33,04% (180 minutos) e a porcentagem de células reativas ao teste hiposmótico foi de 37,89%. Correlação positiva e de média intensidade foi encontrada para a motilidade espermática progressiva retilínea pós-descongelamento e o teste hiposmótico (0,21). Entretanto, a correlação da motilidade aos 180 minutos com o teste hiposmótico foi alta (0,64). A porcentagem de células que tiveram acrossoma reagido pós-descongelamento foi de 9,85%, apresentando correlações negativas de média e alta intensidade (-0,25 e -0,46, respectivamente) com a motilidade espermática progressiva retilínea pós-descongelamento e após 3 horas de incubação. Não houve correlação dos testes complementares e da motilidade pós-descongelamento com a taxa de gestação. Nenhum parâmetro considerado isoladamente serviu para avaliar a capacidade fertilizante do sêmen congelado/descongelado.

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From January to October of 1995, somatic cell countings were accomplished in 2,218 milk samples collected from 67 quarters of 17 lactating cows at the initial, middle and final stages of lactation, in the morning and evening milkings. The highest means of cell countings were observed among the milk samples collected at the Final stage of lactation 15.652cell/ml), in the winter (5.358cell/ml) and the afternoon milking (5.199cell/ml). The differences observed amongst the cell countings in samples obtained at the different stages of lactation and the morning and afternoon milkings were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). In contrast differences observed amongst the seasons of the year, showed to be non-significant at the level of 5% probability. Higher occurrence of samples with cell countings superior to 500,000cell/ml was verified at the final stage of lactation (34.9%), in the winter (23.6%) and the afternoon milking (21.3%). These findings show the influence of physiologic and management factors (stage of Lactation and milking time) on milk cell concentrations.

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An experiment was conducted to study the in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDMD) and gross energy (IVGED) of hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse with different storage times and two periods of adaptation of the bovine to the diet. A completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications was used. Treatments A,B,C, and D which corresponded to the times of 0, 15, 30, and 45 days of storage time period of the bagasse, respectively. Each treatment was studied at 7 and 45 after adaptation of the bovine ruminal donor to the diet. After 30 days storage, the bagasse IVDMD was inpaired for both 7 and 45 days of adaptation. Averages values of 25.8; 25.9; 23.1 and 23.3% were obtained for IVDMD with seven days of adaptation, and 25.04; 21.6; 12.5 and 11.4% with 45 days of adaptation for storage periods of 0; 15; 30 and 45 days, respectively. For IVGED, the averages obtained were 33.4; 27.8; 30.9; and 27.2% with seven days, and 30; 26.6; 20.6 and 14.5% with 45 days of adaptation for storage periods of 0, 15, 30 and 45 days, respectively.

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This paper reports the detection of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BoHV-5) by a specific nested PCR assay. Samples were collected from the central nervous system (CNS) of cattle from Minas Gerais and São Paulo States, Brazil. All animals died presenting neurological symptoms. Nineteen frozen CNS samples analyzed had been previously tested by fluorescence antibody test for rabies virus and showed negative results. Three paraffin-embedded brain tissue samples were examined by histopatology and the observed alterations suggested nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis. BoHV-5 was detected in five (22.7%) among 22 tested samples. The occurrence of BoHV-5 infection is reported in the Southeast region of Brazil, indicating that epidemiological studies should be carried out.

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The bovine Herpesvirus type 1 and type 5 (BoHV-1 and BoHV-5), causing diseases and significant economic losses in farms of worldwide. Both affect the nervous system of cattle, although BoHV-5 has been the most associated with this type of pathogenesis. Given the death of animals with nervous symptoms and negative diagnoses for rabies virus in the area of study, this research focused on the detection of positive reactors to bovine herpes virus serum neutralization. We collected 518 blood samples from animals without Herpesvirus vaccine, in the municipalities of Caparrapi, Cimitarra, Honda and Victoria, in the Middle Magdalena River Region. In addition, epidemiological information useful to discuss neurological disease was collected through primary and secondary sources. For the analysis of data was used chi-square test by identification of relationship between evidence of viral infection and the variables recorded. The results revealed that 286 cases were positive for Herpesvirus infection, corresponding to a prevalence of 55.5%, however, there was no statistical relationship (p < 0.05) between the presence of antibodies and the variables analyzed. In conclusion, some cases of neurological disease in cattle in this region could be due to infection with herpes viruses. We discussed about the presence of BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 in the ambient, diagnosis and monitoring plans, as well as economic losses, which may cause in herds in this area.

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Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease readily transmitted between animals and humans, is an great threat to public and animal health a like and has been declared an international emergency. According to the WHO, animal TB is a source of much concern, especially in the poorer countries where there is little awareness of the problem. Thus, improvements in veterinary health are essential, with regard to infection by Mycobacterium bovis, particularly in areas where the public is at risk. The prevalence of infected animals in Brazil is about 1%, whereas, in the dairy cattle region of São Carlos, the average proportion of positive tests was found to be 3. 1% from 1987 to 1996. The current research was carried out to investigate the prevalence, in the region, of dairy cattle reacting positively to the tuberculin test, from 1997 to the first half of 2001. The results were obtained by searching through the data collected by the Federal Inspection Authority, and they indicated an average prevalence of 1.3% over the period, similar to the official national average. It was concluded that bovine TB continues to be present in the region, posing a potential threat of infection to the human population.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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This study was performed in order to evaluate the detection limit of PCR with fluorescent capillary electrophoresis for Leptospira pomona diagnosis in bovine semen. Negative bovine semen samples were artificially contaminated with Leptospira pomona (10 0 to 10 7 bacteria/ ml) and DNA was extracted by phenol/chloroform protocol. DNA fragments visualization was done by three electrophoresis methods: under UV light in 2 % agarose gel, silver staining 8% polyacrylamide gel and fluorescent capillary electrophoresis. The detection limit of capillary electrophoresis for Leptospira pomona was 10 2bacteria/ml. Under UV light, in 2 % agarose gel, the detection limit was of 10 4 bacteria/ ml while for silver stained 8 % polyacrylamide gel it was 10 2 bacteria/ ml. PCR with fluorescent capillary electrophoresis is an efficient and rapid diagnostic test for DNA detection of Leptospira in bovine semen and this can be an important tool for herd and semen sanitary control in artificial insemination centers.