Ind��stria cal��adista brasileira e concorr��ncia internacional: uma an��lise da qualidade dos produtos exportados e das estrat��gias adotadas pelas empresas (1989-2006)

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Lei dos gen��ricos e concorr��ncia na ind��stria farmac��utica brasileira: estudo de casos sobre a atua����o das empresas transnacionais

P��s-gradua����o em Economia - FCLAR

O impacto da qualifica����o da m��o-de-obra no desempenho comercial do Brasil

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Indicadores para gest��o empresarial no setor sucroalcooleiro

P��s-gradua����o em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Concentra����o, integra����o horizontal e vertical das usinas canavieiras

P��s-gradua����o em Agronomia - FEIS

Impacts of Reproductive Technologies on Beef Production in South America

The majority of beef cow herds in South America are constituted by Bos indicus females, which have particular reproductive features that contribute to reduced reproductive efficiency compared with that of B. taurus cohorts. Hence, several alternatives to enhance reproductive efficiency of B. indicus heifers and cows have been developed to address their inherent reproductive shortcomings. These research-based technologies are being described in detail within this chapter and have already made an impact on South American B. indicus-based production systems. These include the following: (a) hormonal protocols to induce puberty in nulliparous heifers or estrous cyclicity in postpartum cows to maximize their reproductive performance during the subsequent breeding season, (b) hormonal protocols to synchronize estrus and/or ovulation in B. indicus females to exploit their reproductive responses to artificial insemination, and (c) genetic and environmental factors that influence reproductive success in beef herds, including reproductive diseases and excitable temperament of B. indicus females, that have been investigated to support/promote the development of appropriate mitigation technologies.

Thermodynamic and economic analysis of hydrogen production integration in the Brazilian sugar and alcohol industry

One of the biggest challenges today is to develop clean fuels, which do not emit pollutant and with viable implementation. One of the options currently under study is the hydrogen production process. In this context, this work aims to study the technical and economical aspects of the incorporation process of hydrogen producing by ethanol steam reforming in the sugar cane industry and MCFC (molten carbonate fuel cell) application on it to generate electric power. Therefore, it has been proposed a modification in the traditional process of sugar cane industry, in order to incorporate hydrogen production, besides the traditional products (sugar, ethylic, hydrated and anhydric alcohol). For this purpose, a detailed theoretical study of the ethanol production process, describing the considerations to incorporate the hydrogen production will be performed. After that, there will be a thermodynamic study for analysing the innovation of this production chain, as well as a study of economic engineering to allocate the costs of products of the new process, optimising it and considering the thermoeconomics as being as an analysis tool. This proposal aims to improve Brazil's position in the ranking of international biofuels, corroborating the nation to be a power in the hydrogen era. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Estudo do comportamento de discos abrasivos, em opera����es do tipo Cut-off por mergulho basculante, submetidos �� diversas condi����es de corte sem lubrifica����o

O corte de a��os por disco abrasivo �� um dos processos que apresentam as melhores caracter��sticas de economia, efici��ncia e rapidez, e ainda hoje �� muito utilizado no meio industrial se comparado a outros processos tradicionais de corte como o cisalhamento (tesour��o), torneamento (sangramento), serragem com serras met��licas, serragem por atrito com l��minas circulares sem dentes e chama oxi-acetileno. Da literatura formal mais recente, nota-se que durante os ��ltimos anos as m��quinas para a realiza����o dos cortes foram inovadas. Entretanto, esta aten����o n��o foi dada �� ferramenta de corte abrasiva. A falta de literatura t��cnica dificulta a escolha das condi����es de corte e da sua otimiza����o no meio industrial. Este fato �� agravado pela grande diversidade de discos abrasivos dispon��veis no mercado, com diferentes qualidades e pre��o. As decis��es sobre as condi����es de corte s��o baseadas em experi��ncias pessoais, sem crit��rio definido, e freq��entemente desprezam os aspectos de seguran��a inerentes ao processo. A concorr��ncia estrangeira, atrav��s da globaliza����o da economia, est�� obrigando as ind��strias nacionais a atenderem os padr��es internacionais de qualidade e desempenho. Uma forma das ind��strias nacionais tornarem-se mais competitivas �� atrav��s do conhecimento detalhado das opera����es de corte com discos abrasivos. Neste trabalho �� apresentado um estudo sobre o comportamento de discos abrasivos, submetidos a diversas condi����es de corte. Os resultados s��o discutidos em fun����o da an��lise da velocidade de corte, velocidade de mergulho do disco abrasivo na pe��a, for��a tangencial de corte m��dia, tempo de corte e rela����o G.

Incorporation of hydrogen production process in a sugar cane industry: Steam reforming of ethanol

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Estrat��gias Produtivas e Tecnol��gicas das empresas da Ind��stria Farmac��utica do Brasil e da ��ndia: um exame a partir de indicadores aplicados aos fluxos de com��rcio exterior

This work aims to evaluate the different trajectories in terms of production structure, technological capabilities and performance in international trade of pharmaceutical industries in Brazil and India. For this, we build international trade indicators, based on data provided by the COMTRADE, the UN database for trade. Through the indicators, it is observed that the countries have different results in the catch-up process of the pharmaceutical industry. India has built a productive structure strongly based on generic drugs, with which it is able to greatly meet domestic demand and export to many countries worldwide. Brazil remains in a position of dependence of foreign production, with a high level of imports and exports to the region of Latin America

Management of age at puberty in beef heifers to optimize efficiency of beef production

Age at puberty in beef heifers can influence economic efficiency of beef production through effects on both age at first calving (2 vs. 3+ years of age) and the time of conception of heifers in their initial breeding season. An overarching factor that influences age at puberty in heifers is nutritional management during both the preweaning period and between weaning and the breeding season. Age at puberty is heritable and selection for precocious puberty in populations such as the Nelore breed has the potential to substantially influence production efficiency. Highly effective hormonal technologies exist to aid in induction of puberty in well managed heifers. Age at first ovulation and pregnancy in heifers can be substantially influenced through implementation of nutritional and/or hormonal manipulation strategies. In the long term, combinations of genetic selection, nutritional strategies, and hormonal intervention when necessary will optimize efficiency of this aspect of beef production.

Greenhouse gas emissions and N2o mitigation in beef cattle production on tropical pasture

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Drivers of change in animal protein production systems: changes from 'traditional' to 'modern' beef cattle production systems in Brazil

Until 1990, beef cattle production in Brazil was recognized as an enterprise of low investment, low cost of production, as well as an extensive production system that used large land areas to be economically feasible. The situation changed for the Brazilian beef market when the economy stabilized in 1994 and all sectors involved in the beef supply chain were able to predict their associated costs and profits. During the same period, purchasing power of the Brazilian population grew, and as a consequence, consumers began to demand higher quality beef products. This new scenario in the late 1990s and early 2000s has led to more intensive beef production systems in Brazil as well as the need for a greater understanding of how technologies might be applied. As consequence of this evolution, in the last five years, a necessity to increase beef production has occurred. The quality of Brazilian beef has improved compared with beef produced 15 years ago, but continued improvements are needed to achieve excellence in terms of large-scale production of high quality beef, be sustainable over a long period of time, and increase our contribution to global food security.