Tratamento de esgoto sanitário utilizando reatores anaeróbios operados em bateladas sequenciais (escala piloto)

The performances of two anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (1.2 m 3) containing biomass immobilized in inert support and as granular sludge in the treatment of domestic sewage from the Campus of São Carlos-University of São Paulo were evaluated. The experimental phase lasted seventy days. During this period, the reactors presented quite similar performances in respect to COD and total suspended solids removal, achieving average efficiencies of approximately 60% and 75%, respectively. The analysis using molecular biology techniques on biomass samples taken at 35 th and 70 th showed differences in the bacterial community in the reactors indicating that the type of biomass immobilization selected the populations differently. A higher similarity was found for the Archaea domain probably because these microorganisms utilize specific substrates formed at the end of the anaerobic process.

Modelagem em escala regional da erosão relacionada com a evolução da cobertura do solo: Um estudo de caso no sudeste do Brasil

Accelerated soil erosion is, at present, one of the most widespread environmental problems in the world. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become an essential tool in soil erosion studies and consequently in the development of appropriate soil conservation strategies. The objective of this paper was to assess the degree of soil erosion associated with land cover dynamics through GIS analysis and to validate the modeling with indicators of soil erosion. Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) model, GIS technology and ground-truth dataset (erosion indicators) were employed to elaborate the soil loss maps for four dates at Sorocaba Municipality (SP, Brazil). It was verified that, although the predicted soil loss rate is normally small along the study area, such rate is significantly greater than the soil formation rate. This shows a non-sustainable situation of soil and land cover management. Unplanned urban expansion seems be the main driving force that acts in increasing the erosion risk/occurrence along the study area.

Escala de ansiedade odontológica: Reprodutibilidade das respostas dadas em entrevistas telefônicas e pessoais

Objective: To estimate the intra-examiner reproducibility of the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) when applied by phone and personal interviews and to evaluate the association between the level of anxiety and the factors of interest. Method: The participants were 50 individuals (n=38 females) with mean age of 23.9±8.9 years, living in the city of Araraquara, SP, Brazil. The volunteers answered the DAS by means of two phone interviews with one-week interval between them. After 30 days, the DAS was applied to the same participants by means of personal interviews at two moments with one-week interval between them. Intra-examiner reproducibility was determined using Kappa (K) statistics by point and by confidence interval. Results: The intra-examiner agreement for the level of anxiety was 0.82 (0.75-0.90) for the phone interview and 0.69 (0.60-0.79) for the personal interview. Two of the DAS questions presented statistically significant difference in the intra-examiner reproducibility, with better agreement for the answers given by the participants during phone calls. The prevalence of dental anxiety in the sample was 92.0%, in such a way that 70.0%, 18.0% and 4.0% of them presented low, moderate and exacerbated anxiety. Conclusion: The classification of the individuals according to the anxiety level performed by means of phone and personal interviews presented statistically similar agreement. However, there was better agreement with phone calls for the questions referring to anxiety in the dental office's waiting room and during preparation of the motor for use in the dental treatment.

Escala diagramática para quantificação da severidade de manchas em folhas de Eucalyptus globulus Labill. causadas por Teratosphaeria nubilosa (Cooke) Crous & U. Braun

The leaf spot (Mycosphaerella leaf disease = MLD) caused by Teratosphaeria nubilosa has caused damage in eucalypt plantations in southern and southeastern Brazil. The need to assess the disease in the field to evaluate of this damage, efficiency control, evaluation of germplasm induces to the necessity of having a visual scale for evaluation of disease. The objective was to develop a diagrammatic scale for young leaves and one for adult leaves of Eucalyptus globules for MLD. To do so, the leaves collected in the field were scanned for image analysis. The damaged area, the healthy leaf area and the external area of the same scale RGB (Red, Green, Blue) were determined. Subsequently, it was determinate the levels of severity depending on the sample distribution with seven levels for young leaves and six for adult leaves. For the visual acuity test and validate the scale, the leaves were evaluated for severity, with and without scale. With this proposed scales, the assessors showed good accuracy both for young and adult leaves with R2=0,98 and R2=0,80, respectively. The importance of the development of diagrammatic scales for assessing MLD in eucalyptus must to the fact that allows quantification of the symptoms accurately and precisely.

Imagens multitemporais ALOS/PALSAR baseada em orientação a objeto na discriminação da cobertura da terra

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Sistema hierárquico de classificação para mapeamento da cobertura da terra nas escalas regional e urbana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Similaridade ecológica em comunidades de girinos: o papel de componentes históricos (filogenéticos) e contemporâneos (ecológicos)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Conservação da agrobiodiversidade por agricultores de pequena escala em Mato Grosso - Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeitos da textura e heterogeneidade de substratos artificiais em função da velocidade da correnteza e da escala temporal sobre as comunidades de macroalgas de ambientes lóticos

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal) - IBRC

Estrutura e composição de espécies arbóreas em um trecho de floresta ombrófila densa atlântica no litoral norte do estado de São Paulo e padrões de similaridade florística em escala regional

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Vegetal) - IBRC

Modernidade, medo e violência: reflexões teóricas e o caso de Marília/SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade dos espaços públicos viários: ergonomia em escala urbana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A temática ambiental e o ensino de física na escola média: a produção de energia elétrica em larga escala como um tema controverso

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Estudo teórico e experimental das ligações diretas contra-fiadas entre paredes de blocos de concreto em escala real e reduzida 1:4

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo teórico-experimental da distribuição das ações verticais entre paredes de edifício de alvenaria estrutural cerâmica em escala reduzida

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)