138 resultados para Emissões de Dióxido de Carbono


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

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This paper addresses the context of emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) from activities related to Coal, called fugitive emissions. The survey of factors, development, analysis, and suggestions for controlling emissions are conducted in order to reduce risks to the environment and people around it. The greenhouse gases absorb radiation, emitted by the Earth’s surface, and hinder their escape into space. This process is essential to terrestrial life. Increasing the concentration of those gases in the atmosphere has led to an increase in the terrestrial temperature. A selection of processes that emit gases and the study and development of calculations for measuring fugitive emissions applied in different sources from coal are performed. The greenhouse gases can be released from the extraction, processing, storage, and transportation of fossil fuels to the end consumer. Coal has 4 main fugitive factors: mining, post-mining, oxidation at low temperature, and uncontrolled combustion. The coal formation process produces methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), being the methane, the main greenhouse gas from the coal mining and handling. The types of activities and the weight of each in the issuing process are observed. It is also made comparisons between the countries with the highest emissions rates. Are evaluated what has been done and what is needed to decrease emissions, for example the use of gas as an alternative fuel for energy generation

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The purpose of this work is to study the incorporation of hydrogen production (Case A) and the process of gasification of sugarcane bagasse associated with combined cycle gas turbine and steam turbine (Case B) for Distillery Pioneers process. These technologies can be used to improve the energy supply in the sugarcane mill. Initially the processes for obtaining sugar and ethanol from sugarcane is discussed, with a theoretical introduction to hydrogen, the process of steam reforming and gasification of biomass (bagasse) by inserting a turbine associated with the recovery boiler gas. Subsequently makes up the energy and exergy analysis of the incorporation of the above technologies. In end stage makes it an ecological analysis considering or not the carbon cycle (photosynthesis), to determine the levels of emissions of pollutants, carbon dioxide equivalent, indicators of pollution and ecological efficiencies associated with technological developments proposed. It is concluded that hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol and gasification of bagasse are viable alternatives from the point of view of technical and environmental applications in the biofuels industry, contributing to the development of the sector in the country

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia de Produção - FEB

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Foram avaliadas possíveis alterações cardiorrespiratórias e no índice biespectral em cães anestesiados pelo isofluorano, associado ou não ao tramadol. Utilizaram-se 16 animais, distribuídos em dois grupos denominados GC (grupo-controle) e GT (grupo tramadol). Todos os cães foram induzidos e mantidos sob anestesia com isofluorano. Os animais do GC receberam 0,05ml/kg de solução salina a 0,9% e os do GT 2mg/kg de tramadol, ambos por via intramuscular. Foram avaliados: freqüência cardíaca, pressão arterial sistólica, diastólica e média, eletrocardiografia, freqüência respiratória, saturação de oxiemoglobina, concentração de dióxido de carbono ao final da expiração, índice biespectral e recuperação da anestesia. Concluiu-se que a administração de tramadol em cães anestesiados pelo isofluorano não produz alterações nas variáveis cardiorrespiratórias, no índice biespectral e no tempo de recuperação da anestesia, porém proporciona boa qualidade de recuperação anestésica.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)