69 resultados para Conductismo epistemológico


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Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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In separating the phenomena of their social, human, and ecological contexts, and by not taking into account intentional and valorative categories, natural-scientific methodologies impede the comprehension of some human activities which include values, chiefly ethical and political. In this context, scientism is the dogmatic and non-thematized acceptance of natural-scientific methods. From this point on, in the context of psychology, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how scientism can function as an epistemological and methodological obstacle to an ethical and political understanding of psychology. Thus, at first, through reflections based on problems encountered in the literature on the subject, scientism's dogmas and some counterpoints are presented; some of its consequences are addressed, by taking up two examples from current literature - the labeling and the racial interpretations, and, finally, a program of research which deals with these problems is presented as an alternative: critical psychology.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The complexity of interdisciplinarity as a category of analysis in contemporary discourses gain evidence. In information science, the practice of integration of scientific discourse aims, among others, the establishment and consolidation of their identity as a scientific field. Thus, the study aims to reflect on the epistemological status of information science as an interdisciplinary scientific field. To this end, we discuss the interdisciplinarity in the sciences and, under this understanding, address the interdisciplinary movement in Information Science and the real fruits of this process nowadays. The reflections undertaken in this study indicate the need to forward the discussions on interdisciplinarity as a focal point with the configuration of the related fields and their real benefits for Information Science.

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At first, this paper presents the epistemological and theoretical bases that support the inclusion of an operational concept for the findability of information in the field of Information Science. In a second moment, it defines the key attributes and recommendations for the findability of information, with a view to their understanding in a practical perspective, from the epistemological and theoretical support presented. From a theoretical, exploratory, bibliographic and documentary study, the results reveal that epistemologically the findability of information fits in Information Science in post-custodial paradigm that focuses on access to information and is significantly influenced by Information and Communication Technologies. The theoretical conclusions of this concept focus on the evolution of the Web and from the perspective of the dimensions of language, where there is as pragmatic trend, as technological development that combines the actions taken by informational and institutional individuals in digital information environments. Given that these actions turn enable or not the findability of information, these individuals can be understood as mediators. Therefore, the concept of infocommunicational mediation is the basis for the findability of information. For its application in digital information environments, were defined attributes and guidelines which should be considered in the context of Information Architecture. The attributes characterizing the concept and guidelines point at practical actions for the design and for evaluation of the findability of information. Epistemological, theoretical and practical concepts addressed underpin the called operative concept in information science and should be further explored in this scientific field.

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The approach about the ideas, understood as metal representations, has practically bookmarked the whole Philosophy History, since the ancient Greece to the contemporary period. A lot of interpretations have been given to the meaning and to the nature of the ideas by many schools, among them lots of Realism slopes. This paper aims to present, from a historical and epistemological fragment, some theoretical perpectives, with emphasis in the realistic, nominalist and Cartesian proposals in relation to the formation and nature of the ideas.

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This text has the following aims: a) to discuss Gramsci and Horkheimer’s epistemological status, joined authors in an theoretical approach known as Critical Theory of International Relations; b) to draft an analysis in order to show the mentioned and joined authors’ different epistemological statuses in the theoretical approach in discussion; c) to begin a reflection pointing the absence of accuracy in this approach - whose beginning happened with Canadian political scientist Robert W. Cox – due to joining different epistemological statuses and ignoring the theoretical consequences put by respective central Gramsci and Horkheimer’s concepts: hegemony and emancipation.

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Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar o significado da ética contida nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN). Para tal meta, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho epistemológico, que proporcionou o estudo dos significados da ética em uma perspectiva história – desde a Antiguidade, ao enfatizar os pensamentos de Aristóteles; na Modernidade com o filósofo Immanuel Kant para, posteriormente chegarmos à contemporaneidade e receber contudo, a contribuição de vários teóricos, dentre os quais destacamos: a visão construtivista de Yves de La Taille; e a ótica crítica de Pedro Goergen. Ao dar ênfase para a contemporaneidade, foi feita uma análise sobre a ética e a educação, contidas em seu contexto, em prol da realidade e da necessidade da ética, de acordo com diferentes percepções teóricas. Finalizamos esta pesquisa com a descrição do conteúdo da ética, presente nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) – Temas Transversais (TT) que, posteriormente analisou seu discurso baseado nos teóricos apresentados no transcorrer desta pesquisa. Neste momento, percebemos que a ética tem tido um papel histórico de propagação da moral existente na comunidade à qual se insere e esta, entretanto, sempre recebeu influências da classe pela qual é dominada. Na contemporaneidade, percebemos claramente esta realidade, sendo a ética hedonista moralmente propagada pelos meios de comunicação, pelos espaços públicos e privados, pela escola, etc. Com isso, ao pensar no campo educacional, os PCN, trazem a necessidade de uma educação moral na escola que inverta os valores morais existentes, para os valores referentes à justiça eqüitativa que está no discurso neoliberal atual. O qual visa solucionar os problemas advindos da modernidade desenfreada, porém sem modificar a lógica capitalista existente.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)