Utilização de recursos pedagógicos por professores da educação infantil

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar e classificar os recursos pedagógicos mais utilizados pelos professores da Educação Infantil de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi um questionário aplicado para 145 professores que ministravam aula no Ensino Infantil de uma cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os resultados mostraram que os professores de educação infantil utilizavam com maior frequência, nas salas de aula, os jogos de acoplagem e na escola, os jogos de exercícios. Portanto, é imprescindível o conhecimento pelos professores no que se refere à classificação dos brinquedos e jogos, uma vez que cada um possibilita o desenvolvimento de habilidades diferenciadas.

Ludicidade: projeto arquitetônico e paisagístico de educação infantil

Criança gosta mesmo de brincar. Em casa, na rua, em qualquer lugar. E por que não na escola? O lugar de estudar não poderia ter mais espaços para brincar? Faltam em nossas escolas áreas mais interessantes e atraentes que o playground convencional, que incitem a aventura, o desafio, às brincadeiras em grupo. A melhor forma de se aprender na infância é através das brincadeiras, que formam o alicerce para o seu futuro lingüístico, de raciocínio, de lógica, de inserção na sociedade. Por meio das brincadeiras, as crianças evidenciam seus sentimentos, seu entendimento de mundo, suas descobertas, suas construções. Quando bem orientadas e acompanhadas, elas não são apenas passatempo e sim a forma mais consistente e genuína de aprendizagem. A aprendizagem na Educação Infantil acontece de forma experimental, ou seja, a criança necessita fazer e fazendo vai construindo os seus conceitos. No playground, a criança experimenta os brinquedos que ainda não usou, arrisca, persiste, esforça-se, sem a crítica e a vergonha que mais tarde inibe e desestimula as suas ações. Na EMEI Márcia de Almeida Bighetti, localizada no Núcleo Habitacional Mary Dota na cidade de Bauru, espaço é que não falta para um projeto lúdico. Por possuir um enorme terreno para um pequeno bloco de salas de aula e apenas alguns brinquedos no parquinho, essa foi a escola escolhida para a proposta de um espaço lúdico infantil

Objetos lúdicos disponibilizados às crianças de 3 a 5 anos: o que encontramos na educação infantil?

The goal of this research is to identify and describe the recreational objects, or toys, children’s play and games offered by teachers from a public municipal school of early childhood education in Pederneiras, a city located inland São Paulo State. The research has started with a retrospective look of the childhood concept and of the recreational objects with in the classical era till the modernity, what has allowed to identify how to play was in history and what is its relation with education. In order to understand how the recreational objects have been seen at school we have made a survey of the oficial Brazilian documents related to the childhood education. The benchmark survey has allowed the organization of a half structured questionnaire and the Kobayashi studies (2009, 2011), was the mean used to identify and classify the recreational objects found at school. The data collected in the benchmark survey in the field remark and by the questionnaire have permitted to identify here recreational objects available by teachers in early childhood education of 3 to 5 years old children at the school mentioned and what they think about the theme, on the other hand the studies performed have allowed us to analyse the adaptation and validity of the recreational objects already found

Energia, suas formas e transformações: uma abordagem contextualizada por meio de material não-formal

Energy is a physical quantity very present in physics. Although extremely useful, its concept is very abstract for most students in high school and college. Identify the presence and form of energy in a given phenomenon is not simple, as there is immediate understanding on the transfer and transformation. This work emphasizes the study of mechanical energy in its different forms as well as the thermal energy, considering the possible transformations between them. To this end, use is mad of toys, exploring its potential as an alternative material to be use in supplement classroom teaching in primary and secondary levels. The proposed use of ludic pedagogy takes into account the author’s experience as an intern project Toy Scientific Department of Physics and its role as mediator in the workshops offered by the project to school at these levels

O brinquedo na educação infantil: algumas reflexões do uso do brinquedo à luz da sociedade disciplinar foucaultiana

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A dimensão estética na formação das educadoras e dos educadores da infância: todos os tons do mundo

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Memória, infância e brincar em escritos de Walter Benjamin: cultura lúdica e processos de formação e prática docente

This text aims to present some ideas of the philosopher Walter Benjamin, one of the most intriguing intellectuals of our time, trying to outline in his work the relationship that the author establishes between childhood playing and ludic culture, more precisely regarding the memory of playing, childhood, culture, history and memory in contemporary society after the twentieth century. Thus, in order to identify reinterpreted experiments, as places, forms of playing and types of toys made out of this paradigm, we were guided by the notes, essays, translations and articles in which Benjamin identified conceptions of childhood and ludic culture. Benjamin's view of childhood is not childish, simplistic or reductive. His works allow us to discuss and justify the need for a more detailed analysis on the phenomenon of development and teaching practice within the everyday schoolchildren. By revisiting the original ideas, and irreverent criticism of Benjamin, thinking education from his account, we hope to contribute with other studies in the field of education, by elucidating the process of development and teaching practice in relation to the ludic childhood culture, specifically regarding childhood and the places of childhood in the contemporary context.

Elaboração de um Jogo Digital Educacional sobre Saúde Bucal Direcionado para a População Infantil

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an educational oral health digital game for 5-to-7-year-old children. Method: The game, called “Dr. Trata Dente”, was based on the approach to three different oral health-related topics: a) bacterial plaque and the main diseases caused by it; b) oral hygiene methods for bacterial plaque control; c) dental caries and preventive measures for this disease. These topics were discussed in sequential order in three different stages of the game. Dr. Trata Dente is represented by the figure of a little super-hero dentist, who talks to the children about oral health during the game. The game is sub-divided according to its propositions to the children, into an association game, a memory game and a coloring game. After its development, the game was evaluated by three professionals of each of the following areas: Dentistry, Pedagogy and Psychology (n=9), who verified the suitability of the concepts presented in the game as regards oral health, linguistic abilities worked with the children, fulfillment of the intended didactic criteria, and the playful aspect of the game. Results: According to the dentists, the dental concepts presented in the game are adequate. According to the pedagogues, the choice of a super-hero was correct and the given explanations are well elaborated, organized and have accessible language, although long. For the psychologists, the game has a potential positive effect on the children’s learning, but there should be more interaction of the character with the children. After this evaluation, changes were made in the game according to the professionals’ suggestions. Conclusion: It was concluded that in spite of the suggested alterations, the game is suitable for teaching oral health by means of children’s play.

A formação do pedagogo e a ludicidade: a prática do professor frente ao desenvolvimento infantil, por intermédio do brincar

This research aimed to investigate, to describe and to reflect on the initial and continuous training playful preschool teachers and their applicability in daily practice. Through a literature search on the official documents and playfulness in the formation of the pedagogue, we see the importance of the uses of games and toys in kindergarten. Therefore, a retrospective of early childhood education and teacher training were conducted by analyzing the knowledge necessary to professor of playing in kindergarten. In order to collect data in the field were used as instruments to direct observation of everyday practice of the teacher and a questionnaire to see if the teachers' planning the use of toys and games, times and spaces intended for recreational actions are recorded and are ensured. With these investigative actions, from the descriptive and interpretative analysis of the data can be verified as occurred playful teacher education early childhood education and its importance in recreational use in the classroom every day

Os objetos lúdicos em salas de aula com crianças de ensino fundamental de 1º ao 5º ano

The playful objects challenge and support the child to the playful action. These actions leverage the use of imagination and fantasy, necessary skills throughout our life. These objects are ways to create situations and play day by day. Games and toys are also augmenting resources of learning processes in various areas of knowledge. However, this process does not occur spontaneously, there is a need of scientific knowledge for selection and use of these resources in educational formal processes, especially in schools. The objective of this study was to identify, classify and analyze the play material performance of a primary school of the Municipal System of Education from Bauru-SP. To attain the goal, became a literature review in indexed data bases and printed materials. Subsequently, based on the theoretical references, tools for collection and analysis of data were developed, enabling the triangulation of data collected and analyzed for the closest to the reality studied. The instruments for collecting and analyzing data: a) survey and identification of playful collection based on COL (KOBAYSHI, 2009), b) questionnaire with school teachers and c) field observations. The survey results and the triangulation of sources allowed better characterization of the collection available at the school and their uses as resources and education and recreation procedures

O jogo como mediador na entrevista: um novo lugar no processo psicoterápico com adolescentes

It is a fact that between the child and the adult there is an adolescent being that experiments his experiences in a different way than those others. Therefore, in clinical care, the use of toys and play do not have the same value as for the children, and, on the other hand, the majority of adolescents are not ready, as the adult is, for the exclusive use of speech in the psychotherapy context. There is the need to introduce some specific strategy in order to give the adolescent conditions to express himself openly in the psychotherapy process. The mediator's resource introduces this variable to enable the expression of emotions for those who cannot find the available channels for that. This paper seeks to answer this question by presenting the Time Tunnel Game in the psychotherapy with young people, based, during several years, on its clinical use with patients during this period of their lives. Explaining, when it is a question of a demand for a game, that the youngster tries to respect the rules, therefore, expressing his experiences more at ease. By using the mentioned game, it is not the psychotherapist that questions or addresses the youngster, but it is through this playing that the questions arise, providing the youngster a facilitating context for his experiences, even for the more difficult ones. At the direct request of the psychotherapist, it is possible that the adolescent may have the imposing idea that he is being evaluated, which is inadequate when attending any youngster. It is understood that this facilitation also occurs because in a game the atmosphere of lucidity is less threatening to the patient to reveal himself as playing. It is the game that "interviews" and, therefore, the youngster has less to be afraid of when expressing his experiences.

Brinquedoteca móvel: o brincar interativo na hospitalização infantil

The hospitalization process can cause significant changes in the children’s everyday life because, besides the suffering caused by the disease, there are the invasive processes which bring them sorrow. Thus, aiming to make this state of sorrow lower and to contribute for the treatment process we developed in a hospital the Mobile Toy Library project which develops interactive activities through playing, trying to make the staying of these kids at the hospital easier. The team is formed by Psychology professors and students, who daily visit the children with a trolley full of toys in order to interact and play with them. We wait on 500 patients a year. We concluded the Mobile Toy Library provides ways for kids to elaborate their psychological conflicts, lowering their sorrow as well as their negative feelings of staying in hospital, and this helps them deal with the disease, family and medical team all together.

The effects of environmental enrichment on biochemical and metric parameters of aged rats

The enriched environment (EE) is a promoter of physical activity, by its characteristics such as ample room for movement and exploration, presence of wheels, tunnels and toys. The maintenance of animals in enriched environment can bring a range of benefits, but the majority of the researches investigate cognitive parameters and changes related to the nervous system. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the maintenance of aged rats in enriched cages on biochemical and metric parameters. Wistar rats were randomly distributed (n=6) into two groups during 6 weeks: control (C) in a conventional cage and enriched environment (EE). The body mass were recorded weekly and the body length at the end of the study. After euthanasia, blood was collected for analysis of glucose, triglycerides and the brain was collected for analysis of mass. The EE group had higher brain mass and lower gain of body weight compared to control group. The control group animals had normal values of blood glucose and triglyceride levels, and the maintenance in an EE did not promote changes in these parameters. Therefore, it can be concluded that the EE group increases brain mass and reduces the gain of body weight without changing the blood glucose and triglycerides in aged animals.

Terapia gênica com interferon-alfa no controle do câncer colorretal

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Use of music and play in pediatric nursing care in the hospital context

Objective. To identify and analyze scientific publications on the use of music and play in pediatric nursing care in the hospital context. Method. In this bibliographic study, papers were sought that were published in Portuguese or English between 2004 and 2009 and included the descriptors: hospitalized child, childhood, child recreation, nursing team, nursing, pediatric nursing, alternatives therapies, music, music therapy, play and playthings, play therapy, playing. For the review, the bibliographic databases used were MEDLINE, ScIELO and LILACS. Results. Seventeen publications were obtained, among which: 59% adopted a quantitative method; mainly nursing developed the activities (88%); per type of article, reviews on the theme and assessments of clinical changes associated with the use of music and play were frequent (59% and 18%, respectively); and the utility of this kind of therapies in nursing care is acknowledged (94%). Conclusion. Play and music are useful therapies that can be used in nursing care for pediatric patients.