Folha rota, de Machado de Assis: Mulheres livres e pobres na ordem patriarcal

This article analyzes the short story Folha rota (1878) by Machado de Assis, taking to account the transformation process of the patriarchy, bearing in mind it's decadence within the increasing urbanization context through 19th century. From the representation of female characters and their everyday's life in the narrative, we discuss the violence experienced by free and poor women involved in the inherent power relations in that society. In this perspective, we intend to indicate an interpretation of literary work as an important device of social criticism, as much as, to give a contribution to an accurate comprehension of Machado de Assis's work, especially his short stories.

Influence of radiopacifying agents on the solubility, pH and antimicrobial activity of Portland cement

The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of the radiopacifiers bismuth oxide (BO), bismuth carbonate (BC), bismuth subnitrate (BS), and zirconiun oxide (ZO) on the solubility, alkalinity and antimicrobial properties of white Portland cement (WPC). The substances were incorporated to PC, at a ratio of 1:4 (v/v) and subjected to a solubility test. To evaluate the pH, the cements were inserted into retrograde cavities prepared in simulated acrylic teeth and immediately immersed in deionized water. The pH of the solution was measured at 3, 24, 72 and 168 h. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by a radial diffusion method against the microorganisms S. aureus (ATCC 25923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and C. albicans (ATCC 10231). The zone of microbial growth inhibition was measured after 24 h. The addition of BS and BC increased the solubility of the cement. The pH values demonstrated that all materials produced alkaline levels. At 3 h, BS showed lower pH than WPC (p<0.05). At 168 h, all materials showed similar pHs (p>0.05). The materials did not present antimicrobial activity for S. aureus, P. aeruginosas and E. faecalis (p>0.05). With regards to C. albicans, all materials formed an inhibition zone, mainly the mixture of WPC with ZO (p<0.05). The type of radiopacifier incorporated into WPC interfered with its physical and antimicrobial properties. ZO was found to be a viable radiopacifier that can be used with WPC.

Subclinical muscle injuries in dogs infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi

Although canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) has been extensively studied, muscular damage due to Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi infection remains to be fully established. The aim of this study was to describe the electromyographic and histological changes, as well as search for the presence of amastigote forms of Leishmania spp, CD3+ T-lymphocytes, macrophages and IgG in skeletal muscles of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Four muscles (triceps brachial, extensor carpi radialis, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius) from a total of 17 naturally infected and six healthy dogs were used in this study. Electromyographic alterations such as fibrillation potentials, positive sharp waves and complex repetitive discharges were observed in, at least, three muscles from all infected dogs. Myocyte necrosis and degeneration were the most frequent muscular injury seen, followed by inflammatory reaction, fibrosis and variation in muscle fibers size. Immunohistochemistry in muscle samples revealed amastigote forms in 4/17 (23. 53%), IgG in 12/17 (70. 58%), CD3+ T-lymphocytes in 16/17 (94. 12%) and macrophages in 17/17 (100%) dogs. Statistically positive correlation was observed between: inflammatory infiltrate (p=0. 0305) and CD3+ immunoreaction (p=0. 0307) in relation to the number of amastigote forms; inflammatory infiltrate (p=0. 0101) and macrophage immunoreaction (p=0. 0127) in relation to the amount of CD3+; and inflammatory infiltrate (p=0. 0044) and degeneration/necrosis (p<0. 0001) in relation to the presence of macrophages. Our results suggest that different mechanisms contribute to the development of myocytotoxicity, including celular and humoral immune responses and direct muscular injury by the parasite. Nevertheless, the catabolic nature of the disease can probably interact with other factors, but cannot be incriminated as the only responsible for myositis.

Alterações eletromiográficas e histopatológicas da musculatura de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the electromyographic and histopathological changes in skeletal muscles of dogs naturally infected by L. infantum. Twenty five mixed breed adult dogs with parasitological, molecular and serological diagnosis were selected. The evaluated muscles were: triceps brachial, extensor carpi radialis, biceps femoris and gastrocnemius. One dog had locomotor clinical signs with hind limbs paresis associated with severe muscle atrophy. Twenty-three (92%) had some type of muscular change, and in 22 (88%) such changes were directly identified by electromyography. Even without any clinical signs of the disease, 10 (40%) dogs had electromyographic and histopathological changes. Leishmania antigens were detected in muscles of four (16%) dogs. The electromyographic evaluation indicated the occurrence of chronic polymyositis in 13 (52%) dogs, the presence of both acute and chronic muscle inflammation four (16%), acute myopathy in two (8%) and absence of electromyographic abnormalities in three (12%) dogs. The most frequently observed histopathological changes were degeneration and necrosis of myofibers and inflammatory infiltration observed in 12 (48%) dogs. Other changes were decreased diameter of muscle fibers in 15 (60%) and peri or endomysial fibrosis in 14 (56%) animals. The changes observed in the present study showed that even in the absence of clinical signs, most dogs infected by Leishmania infantum have chronic polymyositis.

Estudo da imunopatogenia das lesões no sistema nervoso central de cães naturalmente acometidos por leishmaniose visceral

Visceral leishmaniasis in dogs is described as a chronic disease whose main symptoms are progressive weigth loss, cachexy and dermatologic lesions. Recently, the disease has been associated to neurologic disorders. A total of 40 dogs with visceral leishmaniasis were divided into two groups. The first composed of dogs without neurological signs (n=30) and the second by dogs with neurological disorders (n=10). Brain samples were collected, stored in 10% buffered formalin and subjected to immunohistochemical examination for amastigotes forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi, CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and macrophages. Imunnohistochemistry evaluation revealed no amastigote forms of the parasite. CD3+ T lymphocytes were present in 24/30 (80%) dogs without neurological signs and in all dogs from the second group (p=0.0011). CD4+ and CD8+ were rarely observed, with CD4+ immunostaining in 10/40 (25%) dogs, from which half of them had neurological disease (p=0.0090). The presence of CD8+ was detected only in 4/10 (40%) dogs from neurological group (p=0.0021). Macrophages were detected in 38/40 (95%) dogs, without significant differences between groups (p=0.7664).

Polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene in gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia

Adiponectin is a hormone involved in energy homeostasis by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) has polymorphisms that can modulate the circulating concentration of adiponectin. Abnormal adiponectin levels have been associated with pre-eclampsia (PE); however, the influence of genetic polymorphisms on the development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine whether ADIPOQ polymorphisms are associated with gestational hypertension (GH) and/or PE. We studied 401 pregnant women: 161 healthy pregnant (HP), 113 pregnant with GH and 127 pregnant with PE. ADIPOQ polymorphisms -11391G>A (rs17300539), -11377C>G (rs266729), 45T>G (rs2241766) and 276G>T (rs1501299) were genotyped by allelic discrimination assays using real-time PCR. Haplotypes were inferred using the PHASE 2.1 program. We observed that the genotypic frequencies of the -11377C>G polymorphism were different in PE compared with HP (P<0.0125), with the CT genotype being more commonly found in PE patients than in HP women (P<0.0125). However, allelic frequencies of this single-nucleotide polymorphism were similar between PE and HP (P>0.0125). No difference was observed when GH and HP groups were compared (both P>0.0125). In addition, we found no difference in genotype or allele distributions for the -11391G>A, 45T>G and 276G>T polymorphisms when we compared GH or PE with HP (all P>0.0125). In conclusion, we found a modest association between the CG genotype of the -11377C>G polymorphism and PE.Journal of Human Hypertension advance online publication, 27 June 2013; doi:10.1038/jhh.2013.53.

Maternal flow-mediated dilation and nitrite concentration during third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum period

Objectives. To compare maternal flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery and nitrite concentration between third trimester of pregnancy (3rdT) and postpartum (PP) period. Additionally, we will evaluate whether FMD correlates with nitrite concentration in both periods. Methods. Eligibility criteria was healthy women with singleton pregnancy, gestational age >28 weeks, nonsmokers, and no personal or family history of vascular disease. Each women was examined during 3rdT and between 8 and 12 weeks PP to evaluate FMD and nitrite concentration in whole blood. Women not examined in both periods were excluded. Values between both periods were compared using paired t tests. Correlation between FMD and nitrite was examined by Pearson correlation coefficient. Significance level set as p<0.05. Results. We invited 42 pregnant women. Among them, 35 were eligible and 7 of them were excluded for not attending the PP evaluation resulting in 28 participants analyzed. We found no significant change in FMD (10.39±5.57% vs. 8.42±4.21%; p=0.11; 3rdT vs. PP, respectively) and no significant change in nitrite concentration (257.41±122.95nmol/L vs. 237.16±90.01nmol/L; p=0.28). Baseline brachial artery diameter had a significant reduction (3.11±0.30 to 2.75±0.34mm; p<0.01). No significant correlation between FMD and nitrite during 3rdT (r=-0.13; p=0.50) or PP (r=0.14; p=0.48) was found. Conclusions. We did not observe significant changes in both FMD and nitrite concentration between third trimester and the PP period. FMD did not correlate with nitrite in both periods. More studies are needed to confirm our findings. © Informa Healthcare USA, Inc.

Música e discurso: das reflexões do círculo de Bakhtin aos contos de Machado de Assis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

O projeto Machadianas: Machado de Assis, o Ágora Teatro e a narrativa em cena

Pós-graduação em Artes - IA

Biópsia hepática guiada por videolaparoscopia em caprinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Amélia é quem era mulher de verdade?: mulheres pobres e a construção de uma Nova Marília (1980-2004)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Raízes de um povo: a colônia japonesa de Álvares Machado-SP

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Sistemas apostilados de ensino: as percepções dos professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de Álvares Machado-SP

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

Prevenção e controle da erosão urbana: bacia do Córrego do Limoeiro e bacia do Córrego do Cedro, municípios de Presidente Prudente e Álvares Machado, SP

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE