MMP-2 and MMP-9 localization and activity in the female prostate during estrous cycle

The gerbil female prostate undergoes morphological and physiological changes resulting from hormonal fluctuations that occur during the reproductive cycle. These repetitive cycles of glandular growth and regression are followed by an extensive reconstruction and remodeling of prostate stroma throughout the reproductive life of the female gerbil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect that the hormonal fluctuations of the reproductive cycle have on the stromal remodeling and the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and -9 in the adult female gerbil prostate. For this, serological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and biochemical methods were employed. The results showed that the major stromal alteration coincide with the peak of estradiol, which occurs in estrus, and with the peak of progesterone, occurring during diestrus II. MMP-2 and -9 presented a similar pattern of expression and activity during estrous cycle. The estrus was the phase of greater expression and activity of MMP-2 and -9. On the other hand, in DI and DII, the tissue expression and activity of MMP-2 and -9 was very weak. These results are important since they suggest the involvement of estradiol and progesterone in regulating the expression and activity of MMP-2 and -9 in adult gerbil female prostate. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.

Análise da expressão de MMP-2 e MMP-9 na pele de cães com Leishmaniose visceral

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Inhibition of Neurotoxic Secretory Phospholipases A(2) Enzymatic, Edematogenic, and Myotoxic Activities by Harpalycin 2, an Isoflavone Isolated from Harpalyce brasiliana Benth

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effect of incorporation of 2-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate on flexural strength of a denture base acrylic resin

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Calcaneal Tendon Regions Exhibit Different MMP-2 Activation After Vertical Jumping and Treadmill Running

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Crystal and molecular structures of 4-substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones studied by X-ray and AM1 and B3LYP calculations

(1) C13H13N3O5, Mr = 291.26, P (1) over bar, a = 7.4629(9), b = 7.9203(9), c = 12.126(2) angstrom, alpha = 86.804(5), beta = 78.471(7), gamma = 69.401(8)degrees, V = 657.3(2)angstrom(3), Z = 2, R-1 = 0.0454; (2) C11H12N2O4, Mr=236.23, Pbca, a=7.2713(9), b=14.234(1), c=20.848(3)angstrom, V= 2157.8(4) angstrom(3), Z=8, R-1=0.0504; (3) C13H13N2O3Cl, Mr = 280.70, P2/n, a = 17.344(2), b = 9.237(1), c = 18.398(2) angstrom; beta = 92.61(2)degrees, V = 2944.4(6) angstrom(3), Z = 8, R-1 = 0.0714. The conformational features of three 4-substituted-3-4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones were investigated by computational and single crystal X-ray crystallographic studies. The geometries were optimized using semiempirical (AM1) and first principle calculations (B3LYP/6-31G**) methods, the rotational barriers for important functional groups were studied. In all structures the pyrimidinone rings are in a more or less distorted boat conformation. The phenyl and the furane rings are almost perpendicular to the best least-squares plane through the dihydropyrimidinone ring.

Crystal structures and magnetic properties of CuX2(pdmp)2 complexes (X = Br, Cl)

We report the synthesis and the structural and magnetic characterization of two new compounds: dibromobis-(pdmp)copper(II), CuBr2C22H24N4 (1), and dichlorobis(pdmp)copper(II), CuCl2C22H24N4 (2), where pdmp = 1-phenyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole. The structures were refined by full-matrix least-squares techniques to R1 = 0.0620 and 0.0777, respectively. Compound 1 belongs to the space group P21/n with a = 8.165(5) Å, b = 10.432(3) Å, c = 13.385(4) Å, β = 100.12(4)̊, and Z = 2. Compound 2 belongs to the space group P21/c with a = 8.379(2) Å, b = 22.630(2) Å, c = 12.256(2) Å, β= 98.43(3)°, and Z = 4. It has the same molecular formula as a compound reported previously but a different crystal structure. Detailed single-crystal EPR measurements were performed for single-crystal samples of 1 and 2 at 9 and 35 GHz and at room temperature. The positions and line widths of the EPR lines were measured as a function of the magnetic field orientation in three orthogonal planes. The data were used to study the electronic properties of the copper ions and to evaluate the exchange interactions between them. Our results are discussed in terms of the electronic pathways for superexchange between copper ions, which are provided by the stacking of pyrazole and phenyl rings of neighboring molecules and by hydrogen-halogen bonds. © 1999 American Chemical Society.

Horizontal ridge augmentation of the atrophic anterior maxilla using rhBMP-2/ACS or autogenous bone grafts: A proof-of-concept randomized clinical trial

Aim To compare the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in an absorbable collagen sponge carrier (ACS) with autogenous bone graft for augmentation of the edentulous atrophic anterior maxilla. Methods Twenty-four subjects were enrolled in a randomized, controlled, parallel-group, open-label clinical trial. Subjects either received rhBMP-2/ACS (1.5 mg/ml) or particulated autogenous bone harvested from the mandibular retromolar region. A titanium-mesh was used to provide space and wound stability. A guide was used to standardize clinical recordings using an analogue caliper. Alveolar ridge width was also assessed using cone-beam computed tomography. Results rhBMP-2/ACS yielded significantly greater radiographic horizontal bone gain compared with autogenous bone graft at immediate subcrestal levels (1.5 ± 0.7 versus 0.5 ± 0.9 mm; p = 0.01); non-significant differences were observed at mid- (2.9 ± 0.8 versus 2.9 ± 0.9 mm; p = 0.98) and apical (1.7 ± 0.9 versus 1.8 ± 1.1 mm; p = 0.85) crestal levels. No significant differences in clinical horizontal bone gain were observed at 6 months between rhBMP-2/ACS and autogenous bone graft (3.2 ± 0.9 mm versus 3.7 ± 1.4 mm; p = 0.31). Sixty-two implants were placed after 6 month of healing with no significant differences between groups for number of implants, implant size, primary stability and survival. Conclusions rhBMP-2/ACS appears a realistic alternative for augmentation of the edentulous atrophic anterior maxilla. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Eletroanálise e oxidação fotoeletrocatalítica dos disruptores endócrinos bisfenol A e nonilfenol sobre eletrodo de nanotubos de 'TI'/'TI''O IND.2' auto-organizados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Prostate hyperplasia caused by long-term obesity is characterized by high deposition of extracellular matrix and increased content of MMP-9 and VEGF

Recent studies have shown a positive association of cancer and obesity, but the morphological and molecular mechanisms involved in this relationship are still unknown. This study analysed the impact of long-term obesity on rat prostate, focusing on stromal changes. Male adult Wistar rats were treated with high-fat diet to induce obesity, while the control group received a balanced diet. After 30 weeks of feeding, the ventral prostate was analysed by immunohistochemistry for cell proliferation, smooth muscle α-actin, vimentin, chondroitin sulphate and metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and 9). The content of androgen receptor (AR), oestrogen receptors (ERs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was measured by Western blotting, and activity of catalase and Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) were quantified by enzymatic assay. Long-term obesity decreased testosterone plasma levels by 70% and resulted in stromal prostate hyperplasia, as evidenced by increased collagen fibres. Such stromal hyperplasia was associated with increased number of blood vessels and raised VEGF content, and increased expression of chondroitin sulphate, vimentin, α-actin and MMP-9. In spite of the high cell density in prostate, the proliferative activity was lower in the prostates of obese rats, indicating that hyperplasia was established during the early phases in this obesity model. AR levels increased significantly, whereas the ERα decreased in this group. Moreover, the levels of catalase and GST were changed considerably. These findings indicate that long-term obesity, besides disturbing the antioxidant control, causes intense stromal remodelling and release of factors that create an environment that can promote proliferative disorders in the gland, culminating with diffuse hyperplasia.