Uma análise da eficiência de uma transmissão CVT

This undergraduate thesis evaluates the effects of temperature variation of the air inside the CVT gearbox on the performance of a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). The CVT used in the tests was manufactured by Gaged Engineering (GX9 model) and is currently used in a Baja prototype. It’s a mechanically operated CVT, which the movement of the pulley plates varies according to the drive shaft rotation, shifting the belt along the diameter, and varying the transmission ratio. The purpose of this work is to analyze the change in the slip factor, coefficient that compares the variation between the actual transmission ratio and the ratio of geometric transmission, and its correlation with the power variation. A test bench was built and some tests were performed, indicating that was possible to achieve output power ratios of 1.75 [ℎ

Estudo da viabilidade técnica/econômica no aumento da eficiência energética sustentável aplicada à residência unifamiliar

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da eficiência do sistema de tratamento de efluentes de frigorífico: um estudo de caso em Rio Claro/SP

Não disponível

Biosusceptometria de corrente alternada para avaliação do trânsito gastrintestinal de alimentos líquidos em ratos

The gastrointestinal tract is the main route of nutrients absorption and drugs delivery. Is important to know the parameters related to the tract, like gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit, in order to better understand the behavior of different kind of meals or drugs passing through the GIT. Many techniques are used to study these parameters, such as manometry, scintigraphy, phenol red, activated charcoal and carbon-13 reading. However, these methods use radiation, are invasive and require animal sacrifice. As an alternative proposal, the Alternate Current Biosusceptometry (ACB), a magnetic technique, has proved to be effective for these studies with small animals, in a noninvasive way, low cost, radiation free and avoiding the animal death. Associating the ACB to magnetic micro or nanoparticles used as tracers, it is possible to observe the meal behavior inside of the GIT. Focusing meanly on liquid meals digestion, this paper had the objective to evaluate the efficiency of the ACB technique in gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit evaluation of liquid meals in rats. To perform the experiments, magnetic nanoparticles (ferrite, MgFe2O4) were used on a 1,5 ml solution introduced by gavage on similar weight and age rats. The sensor made by 2 pairs of coils, capable of generating and detecting magnetic fields, creates a field on the interest place and when this field is in contact with the marked meal, it changes, resulting on a variation of the measured voltage. The voltage variation is analyzed and is obtained a particle concentration on the interest region. The results showed that is possible to apply the ACB technique on the GIT evaluation of liquid particles digestion, gastric emptying and meal cecum arrival time curves were obtained and from that, is possible to observe a pattern of gastrointestinal transit. Both mean process time values were acquired, proving the technique capability of ...

Análise do consumo de energia elétrica e da eficiência energética em uma indústria de processamento de madeira

In the industries of wood processing (sawmills), where timber is sawn in equipment such as band saws, circular saws, trowel, thicknessers, among others, that mechanically transform this resource and use of electric motors, which are not unusually poorly scaled working or overloaded, often a factor that is not found in these industries and has fundamental importance in the production process is energy efficiency that is achieved by both technological innovation and through all the practices and policies that aim to lower energy consumption, lowering energy costs and increasing the amount of energy offered no change in generation. For both during the design of an electrical installation, both overall and in various sectors of the installation, investigations are necessary, considerations and uses of variables and factors that put into practice the theme of energy efficiency. Therefore, in this paper, these factors were calculated and analyzed for a wood processing industry (sawmill) in the municipality of Taquarivaí - SP, namely: active power, power factor, demand factor and load factor. Where they were small in relation to the literature, these events that occur when devices are connected at the same time and due to the conditions of processing the wood, where the engines have large variations in electricity consumption during the unfolding of the same, due to efforts with the load and idle moments between each machining operation in the equipment

Aplicação do regulamento técnico da qualidade do nível de eficiência energética em edificações residenciais

The research shows that increasing the consumption of energy by households is growing rapidly and without adequate planning, due to population growth and therefore an increase in energy consumption. With the current concerns of sustainability and energy efficiency by industry, there is the need to prove to population that there are many ways to incorporate sustainable practices to their daily lives, starting from by their own residence. The quality certification of the energy efficiency level in residential buildings, shows how one can influence and improve housing issues on sustainable actions as rooted in our country

Modelagem para identificação de indicadores de eficiência energética para edificações e plantas industriais

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Desenvolvimento de um smart meter: um estudo sobre eficiência energética através das redes inteligentes

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEB

Proposta de metodologia para aplicação de eficiência energética em uma usina hidrelétrica

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Comparação da eficiência de reatores aeróbios com paralisações escalonadas de aeração em diferentes concentrações de matéria orgânica no tratamento de águas residuárias do processamento de farinha de mandioca

Cassava wastewater, generated during cassava processing, is a highly polluting and toxic waste. This study aimed to assess the relationship of cassava treatment efficiency in two aerobic sequencing batch reactors, cylindrical plastics (31cm height x 9cm diameter), with 2.0 liters capacity and 1.5 liters of work volume, a ratio of diameter and height of the liquid 1:2.5, with a running time of 24 hours and stoppage aeration for 16 hours with average feed of 2,500 and 6,000 mg COD. L -1. COD, pH, SVI and F/M were analyzed. The results obtained in the two reactors showed an average reduction of 94.1% and 76.8% organic content, respectively; pH values showed a rising in the output pH values compared to entry ones; SVI values obtained: 54.1 mL/g, 99.3 mL/g, respectively in a F/M ratio values worked out of 0.4 d-1 and 1,1 d-1 , respectively. The results demonstrated that the process has generated considerable saving in energy consumption compared to traditional continuous systems, was efficient and did not affect the efficiency overly of the reactor.

Eficiência das companhias aéreas brasileiras: uma análise envoltória de dados

Studies about efficiency have gained dimension, in Brazil, since the early 90’s. Same decade that the Civil Aviation System suffers important changes in terms of regulations. Such transformations have echoed effects currently, with some significant trend for international standards. This paper focuses on one of the agents from the Brazilian Civil Aviation System, the airlines companies, which aimed on analyze and evaluate both passengers and cargo air transport, by using data envelopment analysis (DEA), during the period of 2005 to 2010. The yearbooks of ANAC, corresponding at the period from 2005 to 2010, were used as data base in this present study. The technique was applied to 14 companies, which through Stepwise process of variables validation was possible to compose a compact, but complete model, that could translate the reality of companies. This model was composed by one output, Total Income, and by four inputs, Total Costs, Total Domestic Passenger, Total Cargo and Total International Passengers. However, this approach has some flaws. Therefore in order to remedy it, it was required to apply the method Frontier Inverted, one of the alternatives proposed in the literature, which ensured an improvement in the context of efficiencies due to biggest discrimination of airlines. As a result of the DEA-BCC process, oriented by output, TAM 2005 was considered the most efficient company, however GOL and Webjet companies concentrated in 2007 their worst levels

Estudo sobre eficiência energética em uma indústria de injeção plástica

The reason of this work is perform a study about using of electrical energy to identify the opportunities through rational use of electrical energy. For that it was necessary perform an analysis of hired energy against consumption. Based in a guide of energy analysis were found the main consumers and verified the main problems, which generate excessive use of electrical energy in a plastic injection factory. It was also analyzed the painting line because there are some thermal equipment that use electrical energy. Based on the data obtained will be proposed ways to reduce the needless consumption and energy use of rationally and efficiently, in addition to re-evaluate the contracted demand based on the new policy of supplying and charging.It were also proposed thermodynamics solutions to reduce the energy consumed in thermal process

Estudo das principais políticas para melhoria da eficiência energética no setor elétrico

This paper aims at comparing the national and international incentive policies in energy efficiency investment and presenting the main trends, measures adopted and economical and environmental results obtained, as well as possible improvements and expansions of these programs. This analysis is justified by the current moment, not only of the Brazilian Power Systems (SEB) but also of the global power systems with the constant increase of demand and depletion of natural resources implying in a need of a better use of them and of the power they generate, which directly affects the losses on the generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy, in addition to reducing the impacts on the environment. At last but not least, through this study it was possible to gleam not only at new possible ways for these programs, but also failures and inefficiencies that can be improved in the measures currently being used

Estudo de impacto de ações de eficiência energética em instalações elétricas residenciais

This paper addresses methods of reducing the electric energy consumption on residences by the means of constructive measures and replacement of electric devices. Analyzing their impacts on residential and national level based on data issued by IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics) and PROCEL (National Program for Electricity Conservation).

Estudo e análise comparativa da eficiência de um sistema alimentado por células fotovoltaicas para utilização em luminárias do tipo LED com e sem etapas de conversão

Energy efficiency is an increasingly important issue due to the current scenario where increasing demand is growing faster than the energy supplied. It is important, therefore, analyze and minimize electrical system losses. This study conducts a comparison of a system formed by a photovoltaic generator feeding an LED lamp directly without steps DC-AC -DC conversion, and a system using these conversion steps for the same lamp power. Losses in conversion steps are quantified and the degradation of power quality occurred due to conversion is evaluated