Investigação soroepidemiológica de leptospirose canina na área territorial urbana de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil

Leptospirosis was seroepidemiologically investigated in 775 dogs from Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo, in blood samples collected during the annual anti-rabies vaccination campaign. The samples were collected from 14 out of the 45 vaccination stations geographically distributed in five different municipal districts, with a territorial urban area of 31Km2. Samples were taken from 449 males and 326 females; 564 were of undetermined breed, and 211 were pedigree animals; ages ranged from 3 months to 20 years. Diagnosis included the microscopic serum agglutination tests using 12 Leptospira spp serovars. Serological results and epidemiological variables were compared using Goodman and chi-square tests, with χ=0.05. There were 119 (15.3%) positive samples for 11 serovars; the most important was canicola with 48 (40.3%), followed by pyrogenes 41 (34.5%). Statistical analysis showed significant difference for: breed, 17.7% positive in undetermined breeds and 9.0% in pedigrees; and sex, 18.4% positive in males and 11.0% in females. There was no statistically significant difference in relation to age with uniform distribution of positives.

Uso de probiótico em dietas de suínos: Incidência de diarréia, desempenho zootécnico e digestibilidade de rações

Two trials were conducted aiming to of evaluate the effect of probiotic supplementation in pig's diet: Trial 1: diarrhea incidence and performance; Trial 2: feed intake and digestibility. In the Trial 1, forty weaning barrow piglets were distributed in four treatments: T0-basal diet; T100-basal diet +100ppm of probiotic; T200-basal diet +200ppm e T300-basal diet +300ppm. The trial 2 was a digestibility trial, where eight barrow pigs were used, distributed in two treatments: T1-basal diet and T2-basal diet + 200 ppm of same probiotic used in the Experiment 1. In the Period 1 the animals of T0 and T100 groups showed higher diarrhea incidence (P<0.05) than the T200 and T300 groups. The performance of animals of T100 group were lower than other treatment groups (P<0.05). In the Period 2 the T200 and T300 animals, showed better FG ratio than the animals of T0 (P<0.05). In the total period it was not observed significative difference concerning performance, except for DFI. In the trial 2, the animals of treatment T2, showed an increase of feed intake when compared with animals of T1. Digestibility coefficients showed no significative differences among treatments. It was concluded that the addition of 200 and 300 ppm of probiotic in the Period 1 reduces incidences of diarrhea. But, in the total period of trial 1, the performance was similar among treatments. In the trial 2 it was observed better adaptation of animals receiving probiotics which was represented by higher feed intake.

Comportamento do implante contendo bone morphogenetic protein (bmp) associado ao plasma rico em plaquetas na reparação de fraturas orbitárias

Purpose: This study intends to evaluate BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein) implant and BMP implant plus PRP (Platelet Rich Plasma) in rabbit orbital fractures, searching for tissue reaction, by radiological and morfometrical analysis. Methods:Third six white rabbits were submitted to orbital floor fracture and distributed in three groups: G1, with rabbits receiving a plate containing decalcified bone matrix and BMP; G2, with rabbits receiving the implant with BMP wrapped by PRP; G3, the control group where it was made the fracture only. The animals were evaluated radiologically after surgery and at sacrifice time in 7, 30, 90 and 180th day after surgery. After sacrifice, a block containing the right orbital tissue was extracted and prepared to morphological and morphometrical analysis. Results: An intensive linfomononuclear inflammatory reaction was observed at 7th day in G1 e G2, witch decreased after the 30th day; mesenchimal cells, osteoblasts, new bone and progressive cavitation of the implant were also observed, besides signs of calcium deposition by radiological study. In the control group fibrosis at the site of fracture was identified only. Conclusion: BMP seemed a good orbital implant producing new bone at the implant site and correcting bone defect.There was not observed acceleration of osteoinduction when the implant was associated with PRP.

Desenvolvimento de três cultivares de mangueira sobre quatro porta-enxertos

The experiment was conducted at the physics structure of the Rio Grande do Norte State Farming Research Company (EMPARN) in Açu-RN, with the objective of evaluate the behavior of grafts-holder cultivates in the plants formation of cultivates used as tops. The experimental design was randonizated blocks in the factorial outline 3 x 4, with 3 repetitions. The analyzed factors were four cultivates of grafts-holder and three cultivates of grafts. As grafts-holders were used the cultivates Carabao and Manga d'agua, originated at the Campinas Agrarian Institute, and the cultivates Rosinha and Espada, obtained from the EMPARN collection. The cultivates used as tops were Tommy Atkins, Van Dyke and Keitt, with the fork that were also obtained at EMPARN. In a period of six months was observed the diameters of the grafts-holder, grafts and hight of the plants. The Cultivar Manga d'agua, as a graft-holder, provided the smallest growing to the mango tree and the Cultivar Tommy Atkins, used as graft, was the one who presented the tallest hight.

A multicommuted flow-based system for hydrogen peroxide determination by chemiluminescence detection using a photodiode

A simple, rapid, and automated assay for hydrogen peroxide in pharmaceutical samples was developed by combining the multicommutation system with a chemiluminescence (CL) detector. The detection was performed using a spiral flow-cell reactor made from polyethylene tubing that was positioned in front of a photodiode. It allows the rapid mixing of CL reagent and analyte and simultaneous detection of the emitted light. The chemiluminescence was based on the reaction of luminol with hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by hexacyanoferrate(III). The feasibility of the flow system was ascertained by analyzing a set of pharmaceutical samples. A linear response within the range of 2.2-210 μmol l-1 H2O2 with a LD of 1.8 μmol l-1 H2O2 and coefficient of variations smaller than 0.8% for 1.0×10-5 mol l-1 and 6.8×10-5 mol l-1 hydrogen peroxide solutions (n=10) were obtained. Reagents consumption of 90 μg of luminol and 0.7 mg of hexacyanoferrate(III) per determination and sampling rate of 200 samples per hour were also achieved. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Methodology for automatic selection of passes in surface grinding

The main purpose of this work is the development of computational tools in order to assist the on-line automatic detection of burn in the surface grinding process. Most of the parameters currently employed in the burning recognition (DPO, FKS, DPKS, DIFP, among others) do not incorporate routines for automatic selection of the grinding passes, therefore, requiring the user's interference for the choice of the active region. Several methods were employed in the passes extraction; however, those with the best results are presented in this article. Tests carried out in a surface-grinding machine have shown the success of the algorithms developed for pass extraction. Copyright © 2007 by ABCM.

Estimativa do padrão de preferência térmica de matrizes pesadas (frango de corte)

Female broiler breeder productivity is based on the principles of thermal comfort that are directly related with the microclimate inside the housing. This research had the objective of monitoring the behavior of female broiler breeders, using the technology of radio-frequency, injectable transponders and readers in different existing microclimates inside a small scale distorted housing model. Eight birds with electronic identification were used. Three readers were used, in three different points inside the model: on the floor of the nest, in the passage besides the lateral wall and below the water facility. Dry bulb (DBT), wet bulb (WBT) and black globe (BGT) temperature were measured continuously. The results point out a distinct behavioral pattern of the birds regarding the environment exposition during the experiment. Three probabilistic models of behavior were developed from the recorded data: probabilistic model for the passage use: FP = 1.10 - 0.244 ln(DBT), probabilistic model for the water facility use: FB = 0.398 + 0.00866(DBT), and probabilistic model for the nest use: FN = 2.22 - 0.272 DBT + 0,011 DBT 2 - 0.000144 DBT 3.