479 resultados para Resíduos agrícolas


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A finalidade desse trabalho é discutir a problemática acerca da tensão produzida por variações de discursos, que cedem forma à experiência narrativa da “poeta do lixo” Carolina Maria de Jesus em seu diário/romance/reportagem Quarto de despejo: diário de uma favelada (1960). Entendemos que sua literatura é marcada por uma mistura de estilos literários desterritorializados, sendo capaz de ativar uma linha de fuga em relação às literaturas canonizadas. Nisso incide a caracterização desse tipo de composição artística, comum em países de formações culturais híbridas. Observamos nesse texto a presença de uma potência rizomática que consiste justamente na reformulação de elementos que compõem esta poética de resíduos justapostos numa certa “deformidade” estilística para além de livros em registro. Notamos que, assim como a escritora reciclava lixo para comer, também o fazia com os discursos de sua poética. Renova por tentar administrar e, conseqüentemente, reestruturar os sentidos de nosso sistema social, no campo da arte escrita, de maneira intuitiva pois, como sabemos, não possuía um projeto literário como os escritores tradicionais.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Este artigo aborda a participação do Estado como redefinidor das lutas camponesas. Aponta, através de estudos significativos já existentes, para a caracterização da revolução burguesa no Brasil enquanto uma revolução pelo alto. Tais estudos sugerem nova abordagem para a questão agrária, imersa num processo de transformações que não teria implicado o desenvolvimento do sistema de representação democrático. Finalmente, propõe estudo do sindicato de trabalhadores agrícolas que recorte a evolução das condições institucionais que progressivamente organizaram o trabalho e os conflitos sociais.

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Pós-graduação em Biometria - IBB

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Produzida a partir da sacarose cristalizada, proveniente da cana de açúcar ou de outras fontes vegetais, e ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados, obtidos de glicerídeos presentes em óleos vegetais como algodão, oliva, soja, amendoim, babaçu, palma, dendê, linhaça e milho, podendo ainda ser obtido a partir de gordura animal de bovinos, suínos e caprinos, onde após processo de transesterificação com uma mistura catalisadora cáustica é formado um produto de ação biológica pesticida, agindo sobre pragas agrícolas tais como ácaros, insetos, entre outros, possuindo diversas vantagens e benefícios como por exemplo, o fato de não deixar resíduos tóxicos no meio ambiente e rios alimentos após sua aplicação, a alta biodegradabilidade e a produção a partir de fontes renováveis.

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The soil is one of the main C pools in terrestrial ecosystem, capable of storing significant C amounts. Therefore, understanding the factors that contribute to the loss of CO2 from agricultural soils is critical to determine strategies reducing emissions of this gas and help mitigate the greenhouse effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of soil tillage and sugarcane trash on CO2 emissions, temperature and soil moisture during sugarcane (re)planting, over a study period of 15 days. The following managements were evaluated: no-tillage with crop residues left on the soil surface (NTR); without tillage and without residue (NTNR) and tillage with no residue (TNR). The average soil CO2 emission (FCO2) was lowest in NTR (2.16 µmol m-2 s-1), compared to the managements NTNR (2.90 µmol m-2 s-1) and TNR (3.22 µmol m-2 s-1), indicating that the higher moisture and lower soil temperature variations observed in NTR were responsible for this decrease. During the study period, the lowest daily average FCO2 was recorded in NTR (1.28 µmol m-2 s-1), and the highest in TNR (6.08 µmol m-2 s-1), after rainfall. A loss of soil CO2 was lowest from the management NTR (367 kg ha-1 of CO2-C) and differing significantly (p<0.05) from the managements NTNR (502 kg ha-1 of CO2-C) and TNR (535 kg ha-1 of CO2-C). Soil moisture was the variable that differed most managements and was positively correlated (r = 0.55, p<0.05) with the temporal variations of CO2 emission from NTR and TNR. In addition, the soil temperature differed (p<0.05) only in management NTR (24 °C) compared to NTNR (26 °C) and TNR (26.5 °C), suggesting that under the conditions of this study, sugarcane trash left on the surface induced an average rise in the of soil temperature of 2 ºC.

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The proper management of agricultural crop residues could produce benefits in a warmer, more drought-prone world. Field experiments were conducted in sugarcane production areas in the Southern Brazil to assess the influence of crop residues on the soil surface in short-term CO2 emissions. The study was carried out over a period of 50 days after establishing 6 plots with and without crop residues applied to the soil surface. The effects of sugarcane residues on CO2 emissions were immediate; the emissions from residue-covered plots with equivalent densities of 3 (D50) and 6 (D100) t ha-1 (dry mass) were less than those from non-covered plots (D0). Additionally, the covered fields had lower soil temperatures and higher soil moisture for most of the studied days, especially during the periods of drought. Total emissions were as high as 553.62 ± 47.20 g CO2 m-2, and as low as 384.69 ± 31.69 g CO2 m-2 in non-covered (D0) and covered plot with an equivalent density of 3 t ha-1 (D50), respectively. Our results indicate a significant reduction in CO2 emissions, indicating conservation of soil carbon over the short-term period following the application of sugarcane residues to the soil surface.

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The cutting of plant residue in no-tillage systems under certain environmental conditions becomes necessary to adequately establish and grow crops. This study aims to assess the effect on the yield of different methods of managing millet plant residue in cotton plantations. The study was conducted during the agricultural years 2006/07 and 2007/08, and the treatments included no-mechanical-treatment tillage and the use of a rotary shredder, crimper-roller, and mechanical disintegrator for millet plants before sowing the cotton. Evaluations were performed for the residue fragmentation, emergence speed, percent of soil cover during the cycle and yield of the cotton crop. The emergence speed was faster in the management with the rotary shredder. In 2006/07, the no-tillage treatment showed a rate of loss for soil cover that was 46 percent greater than the disintegrator treatment. The rotary shredder and the disintegrator yielded greater soil coverage during the cultivation cycle, and the yield was highly correlated with the soil cover at 75 days after emergence. The management of the millet residue affected the cotton plants for the two-year study period.

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Aimed to analyze the economic feasibility of replacing hay Cynodon spp by hay banana crop residues in diet of lambs. We used 25 Santa Inês lambs, with an average age of five months and an average initial weight of 26.5kg, distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (40% hay Cynodon spp. + 60% concentrate, 20% hay banana leaf and 20% of Cynodon spp. + 60% concentrate, 40% of banana leaf hay + 60% concentrate, 20% hay pseudostem of banana and 20% of Cynodon spp. + 60% concentrate, 40% hay pseudostem of banana + 60% concentrate). After 69 days of experiment the animals were slaughtered. Possession of the cost of each diet and consumption of animals was calculated economic feasibility. Treatment with 40% of banana leaf hay + 60% concentrate showed the best economic indicators, based on the highest net income, the higher rate of return to higher profitability and marketing of live animals or slaughtered. The inclusion of banana crop residues in the diet of growing lambs increases the economic viability of the activity.

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil - FEIS

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Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE