Enterococcus spp. em espécimes clínicos de pacientes atendidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

The relationship between the occurrence of enterococci in the oral microbiota and serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) has been established. This study evaluated the presence of Enterococcus faecalis and other species of this genus in the mouths of patients on ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health and socioeconomic, medication use, medical and family history of patients maintained for 72 hours in the ICU, diagnosed with severe infection or who have developed this condition after the entry to the unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided intraoral and extraoral clinical samples for analysis (above and subgingival biofilm, saliva and buccal mucosa, followed by obtaining samples of respiratory secretions for patients with pneumonia, and blood and urine for sepsis). The presence of target microorganisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture using selective media. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients showed poor. E. faecalis was significantly more frequent microorganism, followed by E. faecium. The use of broadspectrum antimicrobial action was associated with the presence of these opportunistic microorganisms. These bacteria were more frequent in patients with periodontitis or gingivitis. The results showed that enterococci associated with serious infectious processes may originate from resident microbiota of patients and its prevalence is not elevated in healthy individuals.

Saliva contamination by opportunistic microorganisms in drug addiction females

In recent decades there has been a significant increase in the consumption of legal and illegal drugs, and most of such compounds are able to induce dependence and this increase was observed mainly in females. This drug addiction increases susceptibility to several infectious agents, especially opportunistic microorganisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of opportunistic bacteria and yeasts in the mouth of drug addiction patients and non-addicted patients with different periodontal conditions. The study included 50 addiction patients and 200 non-addiction subjects. Intra and extraoral clinical examinations were performed and saliva samples were transferred to saline solution and the presence of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, genera Enterococcus and Pseudomonas, as well fungi of the genus Candida was evaluated by culture. Samples were cultivated onto selective and non-selective media under aerobic conditions, at 37oC, for 24 -48 h. Identification of selected microorganisms were carried out through biochemical tests. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the data when three or more categories were involved. Higher detection frequencies of Candida species, family Enterobacteriaceae, E. faecalis, Pseudomonas sp. and P. aeruginosa in addiction patients were verified. It was found that patients addicted to both genders showed a higher occurrence of members of the Enterobacteriaceae, which were also associated with bone loss only in patients with drug addiction.

Ocorrência de microrganismos periodontopatogênicos em pacientes com dependência química

Drug addiction won dramatic aspects in terms of its dimensions and the effects that it imposes. These chemical agents are able to reduce the immune reactivity and tissue repair, and enhance microbial aggression, aggravating the destruction of the periodontium and other side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of key periodontal pathogens in the mouth of drug addiction patients, comparing it with individuals who do not exhibit this dependence, as well as assess the influence of oral conditions on the occurrence of such microorganisms. For this purpose, data on systemic health conditions, socioeconomic, patterns of licit or illicit drug consumption of 100 patients with chemical dependency kept in rehabilitation clinics and an equal number of non-dependent patients, who formed the control group were obtained. Intra and extraoral clinical examinations were performed and samples of supragingival and subgingival biofilm, saliva and mucous membranes were collected. The presence of the targeted microorganism was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It was found that Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola showed close correlation with bone loss and gingival bleeding in drug addiction dependents and control group, but the oral mucous membranes and saliva of addicts showed higher occurrence of these pathogens.

Análise da distribuição de tensões em reabilitação com implantes cone morse em maxilar posterior: estudo pelo MEF 3D não linear

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Construção e calibração de um inclinômetro para uso em tratores agrícolas como instrumento de segurança

The tractors are the main potency source, for the traction of tillage equipments and their use are increasing more and more in Brazilian agriculture. In spite of the great technological progress the increase of the number of agricultural tractors brought positive aspects and some negative, among these last ones it stands out the appearance of a new source of work accidents, which importance is given by the physical damages caused to the operator. Therefore the objective of this work was to project and develop an inclinometer, which indicates the inclination of the land, as safety sensor for agricultural tractors to avoid lateral hollovers, through a resonant sign, for the operator and the machine preservation. The built and evaluated inclinometer showed to be efficient for inclination indication of different areas during field operations with agricultural tractors, small angle oscillation and enough answer time to help operators to take decisions in imminence situation of lateral machine hollovers.

Correlações entre forças de preensão humana - aspectos do design ergonômico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A política externa estadunidense no atual quadro político sul-americano

The central thesis that we aim to survey in this paper is that the present South-American political scene has required of the American imperialism a strategical redesign, in the sense of the neutralization, weakening and, if it is possible, destruction of regional political experiences/tendencies not aligned to its foreign politics. Under the mask of the defense of democracy and beneath the argument that Latin American "market oriented politics" are at stake, due to questions that goes back from the "delin-quency" —in Mexico—, the global terrorism, the organized international crime up to the worldwide drug traffic, the global strategy of American imperialism then sets up the definition of a new doctrine of preventive war that justifies the utilization of hard power against any country, in the name of its own defense. At the heart of the question what —actually— is in the agenda is the defense (and reproduction) of the benefits of its multinationals corporations and financial capital, by means of the international sub-traction of profitable assets, such as financial, energetic, communicational and natural resources, in addition to the domination of local markets, beyond facilitating capital flee amongst others.

Mídia e desenvolvimento social no documentário transmídia

The genre documentary in itself characterized by citizen emancipation from the content discussed in his works. Termed as images of the people by Jean-Claude Bernardet (2003), the documentary is gaining traction in social development when added to citizen participation offered by transmedia storytelling. This study presents the results obtained from a literature search, the film analysis and experimentation supported in quasi-experimental methodology, results that support these conditions. Hopefully, from this discussion, consolidate the systematic development of transmedia documentary works in new media ecology and that maximizes the role of journalism by a traditionally audiovisual platform, now with other strands to the representation of the news.

Verification of applicability of the polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil in the manufacture of glued laminated bamboo

The current concern with the environment promotes the development of new technologies for production with use of alternative materials, from renewable resources, and changes in production processes, having as main objective the reduction of environmental impact. One of the alternatives for cleaner production is the use of castor oil derivatives instead of non-renewable sources, such as adhesives based on PVA (polyvinyl acetate), applied in the manufacturing process of glued laminated bamboo. Based on the versatility of the bamboo laminate and the castor oil, and from the perspective of sustainability, this study aims to contribute to the application of new materials and processes, used in the manufacturing industry, by proposing the use of the polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil for glued laminated bamboo manufacturing, which can later be used in the manufacture of several products. To verify the applicability of the polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil in the glued laminated bamboo manufacture, mechanical tests of traction and shearing of the glue sheet were performed in specimens of the said material, and the results were compared with the Cascorez 2590 and Waterbond adhesives. The results showed that the polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil, in the traction test, has superior performance than the Waterbond adhesive and slightly below than the Cascorez 2590 adhesive, but in the shear test, the polyurethane adhesive based on castor oil presented a slightly inferior performance than the other two adhesives used in the comparison.

Influência dos tratamentos térmicos na microestrutura e nos micromecanismos de fratura da liga ti-6al-4v produzida por sinterização direta de metal por laser (DMLS)

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Desenvolvimento de método de semeadura em sistema de plantio direto para agricultura familiar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

A influência da temperatura de pré-aquecimento e tecimento na microestrutura e propriedades mecânicas na soldagem MIG/MAG robotizada de aços SAE 8620 com ABNT LN28

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência de aspectos técnicos e anatômicos nos índices de fertilidade baseado no desempenho da inseminação artificial

The aim of this work was to examine both the influence of anatomical and technical aspects on fertility rate of sheep based on the performance of transcervical artificial insemination (TCAI). Transcervical artificial insemination was performed with traction of the cervix in 122 ewes using frozen semen from 11 rams, both Santa Ines breed. The data collected were: type of external cervical opening (CO) (P - papilla; FL - flap; DB - duckbill, S - spiral; RO - rosette), duration of cervical manipulation (2-3, 4-5 and 6-7 minutes), degree of difficulty in cervical transposition (low, moderate, high) and presumed semen deposition site (SC - superficial cervical; DC - deep cervical; IU - intrauterine). The influence of these variables on pregnancy rate was evaluated. Cervical opening type and duration of cervical manipulation had no influence (p>0.05) on fertility. The degree of difficulty in cervical manipulation influenced (p<0.05) pregnancy rate, since insemination classified as low grade had 52% of pregnancy, while those classified as high recorded only 20%. The presumed site of semen deposition influenced significantly (p<0.05) fertility. Pregnancy rates of deposition at each site were: UI – 45.8%, DC – 25.7%; SC – 15.4%. As expected, deeper depositions resulted in higher fertility. In conclusion, the performance of TCAI did not depend on the anatomical classification of external cervical opening of ewe and the duration of cervical manipulation within the range tested (2-7 minutes). The TCAI may have higher fertility rates if difficulties in the application were reduced and the semen deposition was deeper.

Biopsias luteais em vacas Nelore

The present study describes a technique to obtain consecutive luteal samples by colpotomy. The animals received an epidural anesthesia and local anesthesia (vaginal vault) and after ten minutes the vaginal vault was incised with a scalpel blade and tissue was dissected to provide access to the pelvic cavity and to retract the ovary into the vagina. Then, a luteal biopsy was performed with a Yomann biopsy nipper. Signs indicative of pain and stress during the vaginal vault incision, traction of ovary or luteal biopsy were observed only in two collections. However, these signs were observed in ten collections during dissection of the vaginal wall and peritoneum. The occurrence of ataxia was observed in 26 collections and it was usually related to a longer duration of the procedure. Ataxia could be divided in light (15/26), moderate (6/26) and severe (5/26). The occurrence of ovarian adhesions ipsilateral to the incision was evaluated only in the initial four collections. Adhesions were present in 16 collections. The protocol described above provided a safe and efficient method to acquire luteal samples. The low incidence of adhesions allows the consecutive use of females without any interference in subsequent ovulations and collections.

Avaliação do desempenho das máquinas agrícolas na implantação da cultura do girassol

The sunflower oleaginous is the fourth of recognized importance in the oil production and few studies related to agricultural operations adopted for this crop. The objective of the present work was to study the performance of agricultural machines in the conventional tillage and reduced in the plantation of the sunflower crop. The experiment was installed at the Experimental Farm of Lageado, belonging to the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of UNESP, located in Botucatu-SP. It consisted of two types of tillage (conventional tillage-CC and reduced tillage-CR), with experimental design in randomized blocks and four replications. The treatment CC promoted less coverage of the soil surface protected with waste when compared to CR treatment. The chisel plow was the tillage of equipment that required the tractor higher average traction force, average power traction and slippage, consequently, promoted lower average speed of work. The theoretical field capacity and area of land involved in the treatment CR were superior when compared to treatment CC, thereby lower consumption of fuel per hour worked was lower in CR treatment.