363 resultados para Sapata isolada
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Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Civil e Ambiental - FEB
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The rehabilitation of oropharyngeal dysphagia has a new therapeutic tool, the neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), and the most renowned researchers have been studying the applicability and the results of this approach. The aim of this study was to present a literature review regarding the applicability of NMES in the rehabilitation of oropharyngeal dysphagia. An extensive literature review was carried out, considering the last two decades of research in the area. The review showed that there is still no consensus on the use of NMES in the rehabilitation of dysphagia. It was found that most studies described the use of NMES in isolation, did not describe the techniques associated with speech-language therapy associated to electrotherapy, and used heterogeneous samples that clustered mechanical and neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. Only recently specific programs have been designed and tested in more homogeneous populations.
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Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a rare malformative complex affecting the frontal portion of the face, the eyes and the nose; it may occur singly or associated with other clinical signs. No systematic studies describing hearing in this condition were found. AIM: To evaluate hearing sensitivity and sound stimulus conduction from cochlea to brainstem in patients with clinical signs of FND. METHODS: 21 patients with isolated or syndromic FND were submitted to a clinical (otological/vestibular antecedents and otoscopy) and instrumental (pure tone and speech audiometry, tympanometry and brainstem auditory evoked response) hearing evaluation. DESIGN: A clinical, cross-sectional observational prospective study. RESULTS: Hearing thresholds were normal in 15 (70%) patients, abnormal in 5 (25%), mostly with conductive hearing loss; one patient did not cooperate with testing. The tympanometric curve was type A in 30 (72%) ears, type C in 5 (12%), type As in 4 (9%) and type B in 3 (7%). The auditory brainstem response (ABR) showed no abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Patients with FND showed no abnormalities in the auditory system from cochlea to brainstem in this study. Mild conductive hearing loss found in some is probably related to cleft palate. Further evaluation of hearing pathways at higher levels is recommended.
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Compostos orgânicos extraídos da biomassa de queima de cana-de-açúcar têm ação genotóxica sobre os organismos vivos, contribuindo para mutagenicidade celular e desenvolvimento do câncer. Extratos vegetais vêm sendo estudados para avaliar sua capacidade de modificar a atividade de agentes mutagênicos. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o eventual efeito antimutagênico e antigenotóxico do extrato etanólico da planta Casearia sylvestris e de uma substância pura isolada (Casearina U), frente efeito mutagênico e genotóxico de compostos orgânicos extraídos do particulado de queima de cana-de-açúcar. Durante 15 dias camundongos dos grupos teste (n=10) foram tratados com extrato etanólico de C. sylvestris nas concentrações de 0,13; 0,25 e 0,5 mg/mL (3,9; 7,5 e 15 mg/kg) ou com Casearina U nas concentrações de 0,01; 0,02 e 0,04 mg/mL (0,3; 0,6 e 1,2 mg/kg) através de gavagem, administrando posteriormente compostos orgânicos extraídos do particulado de queima de cana-de-açúcar (0,3mg/mL) por via intraperitoneal. Foi utilizado também o grupo controle negativo (tratado com água por gavagem e salina intraperitoneal), controle positivo (água por gavagem e ciclofosfamida 50mg/kg) e controle de poluente (água por gavagem e particulado de queima de cana-de-açúcar via intraperitoneal). Foi realizado teste do micronúcleo em eritrócitos policromáticos de medula óssea de camundongo para avaliação do efeito antimutagênico do extrato etanólico de C. sylvestris e da Casearina U. O extrato etanólico de C. sylvestris demonstrou efeito protetor antimutagênico nas concentrações de 3,9 mg/kg (p<0,01), 7,5 mg/kg (p<0,01) e 15,0 mg/kg (p<0,05), com as respectivas porcentagens de inibição de 81,25, 80,47 e 60,94%. Não foi observada diferença estatística entre as quantidades de eritrócitos policromáticos e normocromáticos, indicando que a redução do número ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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O triatlo é uma modalidade combinada envolvendo outras três modalidades de endurance: natação, ciclismo e corrida, o que torna as necessidades biomecânicas e fisiológicas da modalidade combinada diferente das demandas e adaptações sofridas por treinamentos realizados nas modalidades de forma isolada. A fadiga imposta pela modalidade prévia poderá ser determinante no bom desempenho do atleta nas modalidades subseqüentes e neste sentido é importante analisarmos não apenas a influência do ciclismo sobre a corrida onde existe maior semelhança entre as fibras musculares recrutadas predominantemente, como a influência da natação sobre as demais modalidades. Algumas estratégias podem ser adotadas afim de minimizar a perda de performance que uma modalidade irá exercer sobre a subseqüente relacionadas a especificidade do treinamento e geração de adaptações específicas, estratégias de ritmo de prova, possibilidade de utilização do vácuo durante o percurso de ciclismo e da esteira na natação, utilização de roupas de neoprene na natação e adaptações na geometria do quadro da bicicleta.
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The intervertebral disc diseases have a high casuistic in clinical routines veterinary among dogs. These conditions can cause pain, paresis or paralysis of limbs depending on the degree of injury. Clinical signs are not limited to the intervertebral disc, other anatomical parts are included. In conventional medicine, treatment may be surgical or clinical, by the use of corticosteroids with muscle relaxants. Acupuncture was an alternative to treating these diseases due to its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Although there are few studies for the treatment of discopathies, acupuncture triggers the release of substances such as dynorphins, beta-endorphins and serotonin, among others; that act inhibiting somatic and visceral pain. Electroacupuncture is used to potentiate the effects of acupuncture. It can be performed with different frequencies according to the clinical evolution. However there are different opinions related to the greater efficacy in relation to acupuncture. The restraint and monitoring of the treated animal are important factors for its recovery. The association between acupuncture and conventional treatment (surgical or clinical) achieved better results than acupuncture alone. This proves that acupuncture can be considered an option in order to minimize the complications of surgery or assist in patient recovery
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As investigações conduzidas para avaliar novas substâncias para o tratamento da giardíase justificam-se pelo fato dos medicamentos convencionais apresentarem inconvenientes relacionados à toxicidade, à resistência e aos custos. Diante disso, a busca por novas alternativas terapêuticas tem despertado grande interesse, principalmente, entre os extratos de plantas, produtos complexos com diferentes atividades biológicas e farmacológicas. Considerando que nas infecções por Giardia, a diarréia é um dos principais sintomas, tem sido crescente o interesse em se investigar o efeito de extratos de plantas com atividade antidiarréica. Com isso, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar in vitro o efeito do extrato hidroalcoólico da casca da planta Astronium fraxinifolium, espécie típica do Cerrado brasileiro e empregada na medicina popular no tratamento contra inflamações, diarréias e úlceras gástricas. Para este fim, avaliou-se a atividade sobre o crescimento e aderência de trofozoítos de cepa autóctone de Giardia duodenalis isolada e axenizada em Botucatu, São Paulo. Em todos os ensaios, 105 trofozoítos da cepa BTU-11 foram inoculados em tubos contendo 4,5ml de meio TYI-S-33 e 100μl do extrato nas concentrações de 125; 250; 375 e 500 μg/ml. Para avaliar a atividade sobre o crescimento, os parasitas foram incubados com o extrato durante 24, 48 e 72 horas a 37°C. Nos experimentos que verificaram o efeito sobre a aderência, somente os parasitas aderidos às paredes dos tubos foram incubados com o extrato, durante 24 e 48 horas a 37°C. Em cada ensaio, os trofozoítos recuperados foram contados em câmara de Neubauer e a atividade sobre... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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The incidence of neoplasias has increased worldwide every year, and the training of qualified nurses for quality care provision to oncologic patients is necessary. This study aimed at identifying, in the literature, how oncology has been taught in the curricula of several undergraduate nursing programs in Brazil, the United States and other countries. The articles were located on Internet-based databases, namwly Lilacs and Scopus, from which 35 publications were found, and 18 articles were included. In Brazil, oncology is taught in undergraduate nursing programs in an isolated and punctual fashion, and it is not included in curricula. Parallelly, in the other countries included in the study, similarity was found as to this aspect; however, there is evidence of the implantation of elective and extracurricular courses. It is noteworthy that, in Brazil, there is evidence of government policies for oncology teaching and cancer control; nevertheless, such guidelines have not been concretized in curricula. The study showed a scenario in which oncology teaching in undergraduate nursing programs is insufficient or inexistent both in Brazil and in other countries, which compromises the training of future qualified professionals that will be attentive to that theme, since cancer is a frequent pathology, and the presence of nurses is fundamental for the care of such patients from diagnosis to cure, or even during occasional death
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The objective of this Project Completion of Course is the production of a magazine's variety, monthly, aimed at a mixed audience, between 20 and 60 years old, seeking relevant information from different areas of knowledge. The Destarte,'s proposal, is to be a dynamic magazine, bold and irreverent, which leads the reader information in a way alternative to those already written in publishing today. Through Style magazine, informative and literary genres coexist with a visual language and creative, seductive and flexible. The experimental product has features and well defined parameters so as to result in an editorial project, not just a single publication in a competitive market
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O Brasil possui cerca de 8.000 quilômetros de costa litorânea, a segunda maior do mundo depois da Austrália. Apesar do território marítimo brasileiro apresentar 3,6 milhões de quilômetros quadrados de extensão, as pesquisas relacionadas ao levantamento de potenciais recursos brasileiros obtidos a partir de espécies marinhas ainda são incipientes. O interesse de empresas farmacêuticas por compostos isolados de microrganismos vem crescendo lentamente devido às dificuldades até então encontradas para o isolamento e cultivo dos mesmos. No entanto, com o avanço destas técnicas, recentes estudos demonstram que compostos isolados de microrganismos marinhos representam uma rica e ainda pouco explorada fonte de novos compostos bioativos (estima-se que apenas 1% dos microrganismos marinhos foram cultivados e identificados). Recentes estudos que apontam para o potencial farmacológico de compostos isolados de microrganismos nos instigaram à busca de novos fármacos com potencial imunoestimulador não apenas a partir de invertebrados, mas também de microrganismos marinhos e seus metabólitos secundários bioativos. Neste trabalho, após avaliação do potencial imunomodulador de extratos brutos derivados de microrganismos marinhos, obteve-se a substância pura Pirenocine A, isolada do fungo Penicillium paxilli, que mostrou-se promissora devido sua capacidade de diminuir a produção de óxido nítrico e citocinas pró-inflamatórias em macrófagos estimulados com LPS tanto no protocolo profilático quanto terapêutico ...
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Special education and inclusion of students with Special Educational Needs (SEN) in regular classrooms of public schools has being widely discussed in academic and political areas. From Salamanca Declaration signed in 1994, which established that the education of people with special needs should be guaranteed by public system, being offered within regular classrooms said. Along the inclusion process, has been observed an increasingly difficult for teachers to work with these special students. This difficulty comes from an incomplete or inadequate formation, resulting in an education that is not always inclusive. The present work aims to investigate what are the motivational factors that lead teachers, working in public schools, to seek continuing courses of formation in specialized educational services, and what are the possible impediments that eschew them from seeking such courses. Data were collected through questionnaires given to elementary school teachers, from public schools in the city of Rio Claro- SP. With their answer, it could be identified what are the motivational factors of the quest for continuing formation, as well as facts that obstruct this specialization. It could be observed that there is a need for constant training of the education professionals, for them to be able to appropriate of the inclusion as a pedagogical approach, not just a law and far from reality
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The dimorphic pathogenic fungus, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Pb), is the etiological agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America. While the yeast phase can be isolated from patients affected by paracoccidioidomycosis, dogs and naturally infected armadillos; several elements related to the ecology of the saprophytic phase of the pathogen, which is responsible for the production of infective propagules, are poorly understood, hampering the adoption of preventive measures. The demonstration of the high incidence of Pb infection in the 9- banded armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, has opened new perspectives for the identification of the pathogen’s habitat. At the opening of the armadillos’ burrows, spider webs are commonly found. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of Pb in spider webs samples related to the habitat of armadillos. Spider web samples were collected at Lageado Farm, Botucatu/SP and prepared for microscopic, molecular and mycological analyses. Microscopic analysis showed that different fungi were closely attached to spider web samples. Nested-PCR reaction showed positive amplification for Pb in 4 samples, with identity confirmed by amplicon sequencing. Fungal colonies also included members of Aspergillus, Blastobotrys, Penicillium, Candida, and Sporothrix genera, which are related to opportunistic disease and primary infections of great medical importance. In vitro adhesion tests of mycelia and yeast form of Pb to the spider webs were also performed, in order to analyze the possible physical attraction between fungal cells and the spider web protein network. The results showed a clear adherence of fungal particles to spider webs. In the current literature, there are no studies reporting adhesive properties of microorganisms to spider webs... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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A bothropstoxina-I (BthTX-I) é uma fosfolipase A2 (PLA2) Lys49 miotóxica isolada do veneno da Bothrops jararacussu. Embora seja desprovida de atividade neurotóxica in vivo, esta toxina bloqueia a transmissão neuromuscular in vitro. A relação entre as atividades miotóxica e paralisante da BthTX-I ainda não está esclarecida. A crotapotina corresponde à subunidade não-enzimática da crotoxina, principal fração tóxica do veneno da Crotalus durissus terrificus. Isoladamente a crotapotina é atóxica, porém atua como carreadora da PLA2 Asp49 da crotoxina, potencializando sua ação neurotóxica. Esta proteína também é capaz de se complexar com outras PLA2s (Asp49 ou Lys49) de venenos ofídicos, alterando suas toxicidades. Neste trabalho avaliamos a influência da crotapotina sobre o bloqueio neuromuscular e a atividade miotóxica da BthTX-I in vitro. Preparações do nervo frênico-músculo diafragma de camundongos machos foram montadas em cubas para o registro das contrações musculares evocadas direta e indiretamente. Cortes transversais do músculo foram submetidos à coloração por hematoxilina e eosina para a avaliação do padrão morfológico. A BthTX-I (1 μM) isoladamente, ou pré-incubada com crotapotina (2 M) à 35 ºC por 30 minutos, foram adicionadas às preparações. A análise dos dados foi realizada por testes não paramétricos (p<0.05). A BthTX-I induziu bloqueio irreversível e tempo-dependente das contrações musculares diretas e indiretas. O tempo para o bloqueio de 50% das contrações indiretas (18,98 ± 1,94 min, n=4) foi significativamente menor que o das diretas (45,97 ± 5,61 min, n=5). A pré-incubação com a crotapotina não alterou de forma significativa o bloqueio das contrações diretas ou indiretas induzidos pela BthTX-I. Isoladamente, a crotapotina não afetou as contrações... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
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This work presents an intervention at the Guaratinguetá Railway Station and its surroundings, including this area in the urban context, at this moment isolated of the activities and citizen attentions, offering new activities on this commercial area. The selected area finds itself in a state of neglect and forgetfulness from the urban relations. Located between the periphery of the commercial center and the Paraiba do Sul River, the correlation is tension between the advancement of shops, the railway line, and the natural barrier of the Paraiba River. On the context of these limits, the railroad and the river stand as barriers for the center expansion and the flows that connect the old part of the town with the new part, which is growing and is called “post-city river”. These barriers have relegating properties around them to isolation, despite being located in the center. The area choice and this intervention seeks to break this isolation and the barrier flow, linking areas of opposite sides to form a leak through the barrier of the railway line. The pedestrian flow is prioritized in the project, this flow will be attracted by the program offered and by the new created areas, increasing the space utilization by users and breaking the isolation of urban activities. And entering the area in the context of life of city residents. The attraction of these new flows will be through the implementation of a Cultural Center, supplying a lack of city by spaces that offer this type of activity. Its implementation aims to attract and modify the activities of these spaces and the surrounding areas, one side facing the commercial center, and another facing the river, linking this two sides at the same time that this link provides the expansion of distance traveled and known