Controle da placa bacteriana dentária e suas formas de registro

Dental plaque is the principal etiological agent of periodontal disease, one of oral diseases more prevalent in the world. Due existence of relation between periodontal disease and oral hygiene, on the point of periodontal view, it was developed a growing interesting by experimental research and by clinical investigations. The knowledge of problem, its extension, severity, hypothetic cause is so valuable to establish prevention, control and treatment acts. In this form, the use of plaque index becomes more and more often, being valuable the determination of discriminatory power of them. The aim of this work was to describe and analyze principal forms to register of dental plaque aiming to subsidize the researcher and dental surgeon on adoption of most adequate method for their case. Data bases: Medline, Lilacs and BBO were consulted without limit to identify the format of register of each index described on literature. It was observed the use of Oral Hygiene Index on diverse ways like: clinical evaluation of dental plaque, in products evaluation works and dental Office; patients monitoring; instruction about hygiene and oral hygiene technique. It was noted that dental plaque indexes are useful and allows the register of different forms point out the importance of its use on clinical and researches practice.

A relevância do periodontista na prevenção da doença periodontal em pacientes ortodônticos: relato de caso clínico

The increase of the retentive areas of bacterial plaque can be observed in patients who use dental braces in the mouth. The difficulty of making hygienic is one of the problems that this particular group of patients faces day by day, and consequently, the establishment of gingival inflammation becomes more frequent. The objective of this case report is to show the importance of the periodontist in preventing and promoting health to the users of dental braces, aimed at education and motivation as one of the priorities of this treatment. The ESA patient, 29 years old, male, attended the dental office of a periodontist, sent by the orthodontist, due to the extensive area of gingival hyperplasia and gingivitis, in both arches. The possibility of taking out the dental braces was considered by the orthodontist, but after the periodontist evaluation, this step was procrastinated. Thus, the periodontist started the adequacy of the oral environment together with the work of education and promotion of health, which lasted until the complete recovery of the healthy gingival condition of the patient. In this way, it is possible to observe the relevance of the work of the periodontist in the application of preventive methods in oral health for orthodontic patients. The motivation of these patients in relation to the orientations of buccal hygienic, maintenance of oral health and diet should not be considered as secondary and should be prioritized, because only in this way it would be possible to reach a good occlusion, without esthetic and functional prejudice.

Antimicrobial activity of plants infusions on oral fusobacteria and their adherence to human erythrocytes

Periodontal disease is the result of the interrelationship between microbiotic aggression and the host’s organic defence. Amongst the microorganisms involved in periodontopathies, Fusobacterium nucleatum is conspicuous by establishing a link between the initial and final colonizers, besides producing toxic compounds and adhering to the host’s cells. Control of bacterial biofilm can be achieved by use of chemical agents, many of which extracted from plants. Thus the object of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory activity in vitro of some teas, generally taken in a normal diet, on Fusobacterium nucleatum and your adherence to host’s cells. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were established and haemagglutinative test in microplaques was effected. It was ascertained that all plant extracts have inhibitory activity and that infusions of Camellia sinensis (black tea and green tea), Mentha piperita (mint) and Pimpinella anixem (aniseed) added to the bacteria/erythrocyte compound reduced significantly the adherence of microorganisms.

Distribution of serotype-specific genotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitns in Brazilian patients with Down syndrome with different periodontal conditions

Fundação do Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Enterococcus spp. em espécimes clínicos de pacientes atendidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

The relationship between the occurrence of enterococci in the oral microbiota and serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) has been established. This study evaluated the presence of Enterococcus faecalis and other species of this genus in the mouths of patients on ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health and socioeconomic, medication use, medical and family history of patients maintained for 72 hours in the ICU, diagnosed with severe infection or who have developed this condition after the entry to the unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided intraoral and extraoral clinical samples for analysis (above and subgingival biofilm, saliva and buccal mucosa, followed by obtaining samples of respiratory secretions for patients with pneumonia, and blood and urine for sepsis). The presence of target microorganisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture using selective media. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients showed poor. E. faecalis was significantly more frequent microorganism, followed by E. faecium. The use of broadspectrum antimicrobial action was associated with the presence of these opportunistic microorganisms. These bacteria were more frequent in patients with periodontitis or gingivitis. The results showed that enterococci associated with serious infectious processes may originate from resident microbiota of patients and its prevalence is not elevated in healthy individuals.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans em pacientes com síndrome de down: influência da condição periodontal e higiene bucal

Patients with Down syndrome have varying degrees of mental retardation, physical and motor, and apparently are more susceptible to infectious diseases. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in saliva and subgingival biofilms and above of children and adolescents with Down syndrome and analyze the influence of diet, socioeconomic and cultural factors and periodontal condition. After assessing the socio-economic and behavioral, were collected clinical specimens, which were transported to the laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology FOA-UNESP for detection of microorganisms by molecular method and periodontal conditions were evaluated according to the Periodontal Screening Index and Recording. The control group consisted of individuals without the syndrome. The results were analyzed by chi-square test for proportion analysis of variables with three or more categories, or the Mann-Whitney test. The data analysis of this study showed that the occurrence of A. actinomycetemcomitans ranged from 0.0% to 25.0%, both in the group of patients with Down syndrome, as for the control group and this was not affected by socioeconomic characteristics of the target population, either by oral hygiene standards

Genetic evaluation and activity of antifungal against clinical isolate Candida albicans biofilms

Candida yeasts are common in the oral cavity and can cause candidosis in the presence of predisposing factors, especially diabetes. The manifestation of the disease is related to this set of local factors such as the presence of dental prostheses, salivary pH, salivary flow and tobacco and the ability to form biofilms. Biofilms are specific and organized communities of cells under the control of signaling molecules rather than random accumulations of cells resulting from cell division and frequently are drugs resistance. Aim: The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic patterns of these C. albicans isolates and to evaluate the in vitro activity amphotericin B and caspofungin against C. albicans biofilms. Methods: Microbial samples were collected from subgingival sites and seeded in CHROMagar for subsequent identification of C. albicans by PCR. Genotypes were defined based on the identification of the transposable introns in the 25S rDNA by PCR. Results: In this study, 6 strains were identified as C. albicans and of these, 3 strains were genotype A and 3 were genotype B. The results showed that both amphotericin B and caspofungin exhibited strong antifungal activities against C. albicans biofilm formation and inhibiting the biofilm formation ranging from 70.8 – 95.3% and 77.7 - 88.7%, respectively. The antifungals studied had low inhibitory effect on preformed biofims, ranging from 39.5 - 50.8% for amphotericin B and from 23.1 - 36.9% for caspofungin at the same concentration. The activity of the two drugs was most effective in inhibit biofilm formation.

Biofilmes orais como um possível fator de risco ao câncer bucal

Introduction: much studies regarding risk factors associated with oral cancer. Factors such as smoking and alcohol and solar radiation are well established, but others, such as bacterial influence in the development or progression of a tumor still remain unexplained. Interest in the possible relationship between bacteria and different stages of cancer development has increased since the classification of H. pylori by the WHO as a definite carcinogen. Subsequently, links between infection and the onset of cancer in various sites in the body were discovered. Review of literature: this literature review attempts to show the influence of poor oral hygiene, with consequent bacterial accumulation as a possible important risk factor for the initiation and development of mouth cancer, and correlate the possible mechanisms by which bacteria can initiate or promote carcinogenesis. Conclusion: there is much evidence that bacteria in the oral cavity and periodontopathic are present in tumor tissue, however, still can not affirm that these bacteria initiate or promote carcinogenesis.

Experimental periodontal disease treatment by subgingigval irrigation with tetracycline hidrochloride in rats

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare subgingival irrigation with tetracycline hydrochloride (TTC-HCL) as adjunctive treatment to scaling and root planning (SRP) on induced periodontitis in rats. Material and Methods: In 60 rats, periodontal disease was ligature-induced at the mandibular left first molar. After 7 days, the ligature was removed and all animals were submitted to SRP, and divided into 2 groups according to the following treatment: C (n=30) – subgingival irrigation with 1 mL of saline; T (n=30) – subgingival irrigation with 1 mL of TTC-HCL (50 mg/mL). Ten animals in each group were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days posttreatment. The histometric values were statistically analyzed (p<0.05). Results: In the histometric analysis, at 7, 15 and 30 days, Group T (0.72±0.05 mm2, 0.57±0.14 mm2, 0.62±0.07 mm2), showed less bone loss (p<0.05) than Group C (1.35±0.25 mm2; 1.40±0.31 mm2; 1.29±0.27 mm2), respectively. Conclusions: Subgingival irrigation with TTC-HCL was an effective adjunctive treatment for periodontal disease induced in rats.

Influência do tabagismo nos níveis de catelicidina e alfadefensinas no fluido gengival de pacientes com periodontite crônica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação dos fatores de virulência, atividade antimicrobiana e viabilidade celular de bactéria cariogênica na presença do Terpinen-4-ol: estudo in vitro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pesquisa do DNA viral de papilomavirus equino em lesões de placa aural

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)