Germinação de sementes e importancia relativa da qualidade, disponibilidade e morfologia de frutos na dieta de Carollis perspicillata (Chiroptera: phyllostomidae)

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) - IBB

Produção e qualidade da forragem de acessos do gênero Paspalum

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Efeitos de genótipos de feijão caupi e de espécies botânicas em diferentes formulações sobre Callosobruchus maculatus (FABR.)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Investigação biossintética, transcriptômica e proteômica em espécies de Piperaceae

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Restauração ecológica de um solo decapitado sob intervenção antrópica há 17 anos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Controle de Guignardia citricarpa e Penicillium digitatum em laranja com óleos essenciais e agentes de biocontrole

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Composição química e toxicidade de óleos essenciais para o pulgão-verde Schizaphis graminum (Rondani, 1852)

Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar e quantificar os constituintes dos óleos essenciais de Illicum verum, Ageratum conyzoides, Piper hispidinervum e Ocotea odorifera, bem como avaliar a toxicidade para o pulgão-verde Schizaphis graminum. A qualificação dos constituintes foi realizada por meio de um cromatógrafo gasoso + espectrômetro de massas, e a quantificação, por um cromatógrafo gasoso + detector de ionização de chama, ambos com uma coluna DB5. O método de hidrodestilação promoveu um rendimento (p/p) de 3,81% para I. verum, 0,46% para A. conyzoides, 2,85% para P. hispidinervum e 0,68% para O. odorífera. Já os componentes majoritários foram: precoceno (87,0%) e (E)-cariofileno (7,1%) para A. conyzoides; (E)-anetol (90,4%), limoneno (2,6%) e metil-chavicol (1,3%) para I. verum; metil-eugenol (81,2%) e safrol (10,6%) para Ocotea odorífera; e safrol (82,5%) e α-terpinoleno (13,4%) para P. hispidinervum. Pelos testes de toxicidade aguda (24 horas) com folhas de sorgo ou papel-filtro contaminados, verificou-se que o óleo de A. conyzoides foi o mais tóxico para o pulgão, com CL50 de 7,13 e 7,08 µL óleo/cm2 respectivamente, seguido por O. odorifera com CL50 de 11,80 e 103,00 µL óleo/cm2 respectivamente; I. verum de 51,80 µL óleo/cm2 em ambos os substratos; e o menos tóxico foi o óleo essencial de P. hispidinervum, com CL50 de 62,50 e 143,00 µL óleo/cm2, respectivamente. Dessa maneira, sugere-se que o uso dos óleos essenciais pode representar uma nova ferramenta em programas de manejo integrado de pragas.

Bioatividade de extratos de anonáceas e piperáceas sobre Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepdoptera: Gelechiidae) em tomateiro

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Proteção de Plantas) - FCA

Germoplasma do gênero Paspalum com potencial para produção de forragem

This study was carried out in Fazenda Canchim in Sao Carlos-SP, physical base of Embrapa Southeast Livestock, aiming to select, based on the agronomic characteristics of productivity of dry matter and quality of the forage, the accesses of suitable gender Paspalum for possessing potentiality of use as foraging plants. Were evaluated for 3 years, with 22 forage grasses, being 19 of Paspalum and three more of control species: Brachiaria decumbens, Andropogon gayanus cv. Baet and Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, submitted to two intensification levels: high (fertilizer after each cut and supplemental irrigation) and low (only fertilizer of annual replacement without irrigation). The experimental design was of split blocks subdivided in the space and time with two replications. The studied variables were: dry matter production, in vitro dry matter digestibility and crude protein content. The results show that the accesses responded to the intensification level minimizing the negative effect of the stational production. Based on the studied variables, the selected accesses were: BRA-011401 (Paspalum glaucescens); BRA-011681 (P. atratum); BRA009661 (P. atratum) and BRA-019186 (P. regnellii).

Frugivory and the effects of ingestion by bats on the seed germination of three pioneering plants

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Interindividual variations in fruit preferences of the yellow-shouldered bat Sturnira lilium (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a cafeteria experiment

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Antimicrobial activity of essential oils

Natural products have been studied aiming to understand their biological properties. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of twenty-seven essential oils (EOs) used in aromatherapy procedures, a natural therapy with great emphasis currently used against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The agar dilution method was carried out and minimal inhibitory concentration against 50% and 90% of strains (MIC50% and MIC90% values) were reported. The S.aureus strains were highly susceptible with MIC90% from 0.21mg/mL to black pepper (Piper nigrum) and tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) to 26.52mg/mL with copaiba (Copaifera officinalis) EO. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) EOs were effective against E.coli (2.0mg/mL) while the S.aromaticum EO was against P.aeruginosa (8.29mg/mL). Thus, the higher susceptibility of Gram-positive bacteria when compared with Gram-negative strains was found, and a large variability in the potential antibacterial has also been observed.

Botanical extracts: alternative control for silverleaf whitefly management in tomato

Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B is one of the most limiting pests of tomato crops in the world. Tomato yield is currently dependent on the use of pesticides, which are problematic to farmers, consumers and the environment. A promising alternative to reduce the harmful effects caused by the indiscriminated use of synthetic insecticides is the use of insecticides of botanical origin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 3% (w/v) aqueous extracts from different structures of thirteen botanical species on the behavior of B. tabaci biotype B adults, as well as insecticidal activity of such aqueous extracts on B. tabaci eggs, nymphs, and adults infesting tomato plants. A distilled water solution was used as a negative control, and thiamethoxam insecticide (18 g/100 L of water) as a positive control. Leaf extract of Toona ciliata was observed to have the most efficient inhibitory effect in tests of extracts on whitefly behavior. Furthermore, the use of leaf extract of Toona ciliata led to the most drastic reduction in the number of adults and eggs on tomato leaflets. Leaf extract of Piper aduncum led to the greatest observed ovicidal effect (78.00% of non-hatched nymphs); however it was not effective against nymphs and adults. The leaf extracts of Trichilia pallida, Trichilia casaretti, and Toona ciliata showed the highest control indexes (67.9, 60.3, and 55.1%, respectively). For adults mortality, T. pallida was the most effective (72.8%). Our results indicate that application of extracts of T. pallida, T. ciliata, and T. casaretti are promising strategies to manage B. tabaci biotype B on tomato.

Caracterização hidroquímica dos sistemas aquíferos Serra Geral e Guarani da sub-bacia do Rio Pardo e municípios adjacentes, no sudoeste do estado de São Paulo

The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the chemical composition of the groundwaters from Guarani Aquifer System and Serra Geral Aquifer System in the Rio Pardo basin, located at the southwestern of São Paulo state. To the hydrochemical characterization, physicalchemical analyses from 32 sampled wells were used. These results were plotted in Piper diagrams allowing the classification of groundwater as calcium or calcium-magnesium bicarbonate type and sodium bicarbonate type for both aquifer systems. Distribution of hydrochemical facies over the study area was obtained using Stiff diagrams. The groundwater can be classified, representing in this sequence its hydrochemical evolution. The recognized mechanisms responsible for groundwater evolution are dissolution of minerals magnesium, such as olivine, present in the basalt, dissolution of feldspars and removal of the carbonate cement of the sandstones mineral framework. Ionic exchange may represent an important processes in the groundwater evolution, responsible for the increase in the sodium concentration and decrease of calcium

Classificação hidroquímica das águas subterrâneas do Aquífero Serra Geral na porção centro norte do estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)