Plantas de cobertura para o noroeste do estado de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sequential sampling of soybean and beans seeds for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum detection (Lib.) DeBary

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Agroclimatic zoning of the state of Minas Gerais for the production of high quality soybean seeds

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Protein content of leaf-cutting ant queens before the nuptial flight and during the post-claustral phase

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Leaf-cutting ants: an unexpected microenvironment holding human opportunistic black fungi

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Yeasts found on an ephemeral reproductive caste of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Prospection of genomic regions divergently selected in racing line of Quarter Horses in relation to cutting line

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uptake of Seeds Secondary Metabolites by Virola surinamensis Seedlings

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Physical, Thermal and Water-Sorption Properties of Passion Fruit Seeds

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

STORAGE OF Handroanthus umbellatus SEEDS

Seed storage under controlled environmental conditions represents one of the most important lines of research to be applied on short-lived forest species as Handroanthus. The present research aimed to identify the most suitable seed storage conditions and longevity behavior of Handroanthus umbellatus seeds subject to the following storage treatments: packaging permeable paper bags under a no-controlled laboratory temperature and humidity (control) and multiwall semipermeable bag at temperatures of -18 degrees C ,1 degrees C and 25 degrees C. Seeds were dried to 6.3% of water content. Stored seeds were evaluated every three months until 24 months for water content, germination percentage and vigor utilizing first counting test. Seeds of T. umbellata are orthodox, with low longevity under natural conditions, once they remain viable for less than 5 months. The best conditions of seed preservation of these species were obtained by storage at -18 degrees C in multiwall bags. Under these conditions physiological seed quality remains unchanged for a 24-month period.

SEQUENTIAL SAMPLING AND MICROSATELLITES FOR EVALUATION OF THE GENETIC QUALITY IN CORN SEEDS LOTS

In the seed production system, genetic purity is one of the fundamental requirements for its commercialization. The present work had the goal of determined the sample size for genetic purity evaluation, in order to protect the seed consumer and the producer and to evaluate the sensitivity of microsatellite technique for discriminating hybrids from their respective relatives and for detecting mixtures when they are present in small amounts in the samples. For the sequential sampling, hybrid seeds were marked and mixed in with the seed lots, simulating the following levels of contamination: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0%. After this, groups of 40 seeds were taken in sequence, up to a maximum of 400 seeds, with the objective of determining the quantity of seeds necessary to detect the percentage of mixture mentioned above. The sensitivity of microsatellite technique was evaluated by mixing different proportions of DNA from the hybrids with their respective seed lines. For the level of mixture was higher than 1:8 (1P1:8P2; 8P1:1P2), the sensitivity of the marker in detecting different proportions of the mixture varied according to the primer used. In terms of the sequential sampling, it was verified that in order to detect mixture levels higher than 1% within the seed lot- with a risk level for both the producer and the consumer of 0.05- the size of the necessary sample was smaller than the size needed for the fixed sample size. This also made it possible to reduce costs, making it possible to use microsatellites to certify the genetic purity of corn seeds lots.

GERMINATION OF EUCALYPTUS SEEDS UNDER WATER AND SALT STRESS

The knowledge of the physiology of Eucalyptus spp. germination may contribute significantly to the development of management and choice of suitability of the deployment areas. The aim was to evaluate the effects of water and salt stress on seed germination of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. citriodora, E. grandis, E. robusta and E. urophylla. The seeding was done with four replicates of 0.05 g of seeds in paper moistened with solutions at potentials of 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, and -0.8 MPa, induced with polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) and NaCl. The germination test was in 25 degrees C in the presence of light. Were evaluated the first test score seven days after sowing, and weekly germination (normal seedlings) until 28 days. Were also calculated the germination speed index. Water stress causes a greater reduction in the rate of germination and accumulated germination of E. camaldulensis and E. citriodora seeds than salt stress, and the seeds of E. robusta are more adapted to germinate under salt stress moderate, between -0.2 and -0.4 MPa. Regardless of the substance used to induce stress, the threshold for germination was -0.8 MPa. The E. camaldulensis is the most sensitive specie to water stress and E. urophylla most sensitive to salt stress.

Germinação de sementes e desenvolvimento inicial de Erythrina mulungu (Mart. ex. Benth)

The aim of this study was to determine the best pre-germination treatments for seeds and the best size container for seedlings growing of coral tree Erythrina mulungu (Mart. ex. Benth). Among the treatments applied to seeds, scarification with sulfuric acid during 10 minutes and cutting stylus in the region opposite to hilum resulted, respectively, in highest values of germination percentage (82.8% and 82.1%) and rates of germination speed (1.15 and 1.71). The biometric variables indicated no effect of container size on leaf area and dry mass plants. At 63 days after sowing, although with Dickson quality score statistically similar (mean 0.26), only plants grown in small and large bags reached the diameter collect close to 5 mm, minimum recommended for field planting. According to the results, for initial development of coral tree, it is recommended pre-seed treatment with sulfuric acid commercial, sowing in plastic bags of 17 x 20 cm, and wait 63 days before planting in the field.

Integrated cutting machine programming and lot sizing in furniture industry

In this paper a mathematical model that combines lot-sizing and cutting-stock problems applied to the furniture industry is presented. The model considers the usual decisions of the lot sizing problems, as well as operational decisions related to the cutting machine programming. Two sets of a priori generated cutting patterns are used, industry cutting patterns and a class of n-group cutting patterns. A strategy to improve the utilization of the cutting machine is also tested. An optimization package was used to solve the model and the computational results, using real data from a furniture factory, show that a small subset of n-group cutting patterns provides good results and that the cutting machine utilization can be improved by the proposed strategy.

Stability of a Lipase Extracted from Seeds of Pachira aquatica in Commercial Detergents and Application Tests in Poultry Wastewater Pretreatment and Fat Particle Hydrolysis

A protein extract containing a plant lipase from oleaginous seeds of Pachira aquatica was tested using soybean oil, wastewater from a poultry processing plant, and beef fat particles as substrate. The hydrolysis experiments were carried out at a temperature of 40°C, an incubation time of 90 minutes, and pH 8.0-9.0. The enzyme had the best stability at pH 9.0 and showed good stability in the alkaline range. It was found that P. aquatica lipase was stable in the presence of some commercial laundry detergent formulations, and it retained full activity up to 0.35% in hydrogen peroxide, despite losing activity at higher concentrations. Concerning wastewater, the lipase increased free fatty acids release by 7.4 times and promoted the hydrolysis of approximately 10% of the fats, suggesting that it could be included in a pretreatment stage, especially for vegetable oil degradation.