Análise econômica do milho em sucessão a diferentes adubos verdes, manejos do solo e doses de nitrogênio

Technologies that increase crop yields are possible when providing profitability to the producer. The objective of this study was to evaluate production costs and profitability of maize in production systems in Cerrado. The study was conducted in Selviria (Mato Grosso do Sul State), Brazil, in the years 2009/10 and 2010/11. The experiment was arranged in randomized blocks with four replications in factorial and mixed with tracks. We established 36 treatments, three green manures (Pennisetum glaucum, Crotalaria juncea and intercropping Pennisetum glaucum + Crotalaria juncea), three soil management practices (no-tillage system, "heavy disking" + "levelling disking" and "chisel plow" + "levelling disking") and four doses of N (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha(-1)). For economic analysis were estimated operational cost, the gross revenue obtained by the product of the productivity of the treatments and the value of corn (R$ 0,417 kg or R$ 25,00 sc(-1)) and the ratio revenue / cost of treatment. Whereas higher values (revenue/cost > 1) and lower (revenue/cost ratio < 1) as a parameter in the analysis of profitability, it can be concluded that corn under no-tillage had the highest profitability in succession to Pennisetum glaucum growing profitability with increasing N rates, in succession to Crotalaria juncea and in the absence of nitrogen application on the coverage achieved higher profitability compared to other treatments and in succession to the consortium Pennisetum glaucum + Crotalaria juncea doses of N was between 50 and 55 kg ha(-1) offer greater profitability to the cultivation of corn.

Caracterização física e química dos frutos nos diferentes quadrantes da planta e germinação de sementes do portaenxerto cítrico tangerineira ‘sunki’

The tangerine 'Sunki' are highly relevant for the Brazilian citrus industry by presenting important traits for genetic improvement and to be considered a great portaenxento. In this context, the objective of the present work to study the characterization of the fruits of citrus rootstock 'Sunki', depending on the position on the plan and also the germination of their seeds. The physical characteristics evaluated were fruit weight, longitudinal and equatorial diameters of the fruit longitudinal diameter / equatorial diameter, number of buds per fruit, weight of buds and bark and number of viable seeds per fruit. As for the chemical characterization was evaluated titratable, acidity, soluble solid, "Ratio", pH and vitamin C. For the evaluation of these variables, the fruits were obtained from the northeast, southwest, northwest and southeast quadrants. Regarding the evaluation of seed germination, different doses of gibberellic acid and Stimulate were used. The seeds extracted from ripe fruit, washed, dried in the shade and stored in BOD. Immediately after, they were treated for 24 hours with plant growth regulators. After soaking, the seeds were placed in a germinator in germitest paper. After initiation of the germination process, the evaluations were performed daily until the thirty- fourth day. Fruits of 'Sunki'mandarin with uneven as the fruit position within the canopy, the use of gibberellic acid and growth promoter is promising for commercial use on seed germination of this rootstock.

Caracterização bromatológica de frutos e geleias de amora-preta

The blackberry fruit is highly perishable and therefore its use is preferentially industrial. However, there is few information in the literature about the effect of products processing made of blackberry. In this study, it was evaluated blackberry fruits and jellies from three different stages of harvest. The aim was the bromatological, quantification of total and soluble pectin and macro and micronutrients from fruits and jellies. The results showed that the blackberry presents a high potential for industrialization since most of the compounds evaluated there were no big changes resulted from the processing.

Adubação nitrogenada e potássica em goiabeiras ‘paluma’: I. efeito na produtividade e na qualidade dos frutos para industrialização

The nutrition of the orchards is the major factor of productivity, being necessary to know the proper doses of fertilizers and their influence on fruit quality attributes for industrialization. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of nitrogen and potassium on the productivity of guava trees and also on the values of pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and pulp/kernel ratio of guavas. The experiment was conducted at Vista Alegre do Alto, SP in an irrigated 'Paluma'guava orchard, 7 years old, managed with pruning during three consecutive cycles of production. The soil of the area was dystrophic Ultisol. The experimental design was the randomized blocks, in factorial, with four nitrogen doses (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 kg of N plant(-1)) and four of potassium (0, 0.55, 1.1 and 2.2 kg of K2O plant(-1)), with three replications. Nitrogen fertilization increased productivity and the pH of the fruit, being explained by the quadratic polynomial regression models; reduced linearly the pulp/kernel ratio and do not influenced the SS and TA values. On the other hand, potassium fertilization and N x K interaction had no significant effects on productivity and the other characteristics evaluated.

Manejo cultural do maracujazeiro-amarelo em ciclo anual visando à convivência com o vírus do endurecimento dos frutos: um estudo de caso

Este estudo de caso teve por objetivo analisar a qualidade dos frutos e a produtividade em t/ha de maracujá-amarelo, em dois ciclos anuais, plantados, respectivamente, nos dias 04-10-04 (1º plantio) e 20-08-05 (2º plantio). As mudas da seleção Afruvec foram formadas em tubetes no interior de estufa com tela antiafídeo. O pomar, nos dois ciclos produtivos, foi irrigado por gotejamento, adotando-se uma densidade de 1.600 plantas/ha. O 1º plantio foi erradicado no dia 13-07-05, em função de o pomar apresentar a totalidade das plantas com sintomas típicos do vírus do endurecimento dos frutos (PWV) nas folhas e frutos. No 1º e no 2º plantios, os sintomas tiveram início no dia 26-01-05 e no dia 04-01-06, respectivamente. Não houve necessidade de eliminação de plantas em ambos os plantios, já que o início dos sintomas de PWV ocorreu quando as plantas se encontravam em pleno florescimento. Pelos resultados, pode-se concluir que o manejo adotado regionalmente, com plantio em ciclo anual, permitiu uma ampliação do período de colheita, decorrente da antecipação de plantio no 2º ano; uma produtividade de 16,94 kg/planta e 18,39 kg/planta, no 1º e 2º anos, respectivamente; um aumento da rentabilidade na safra de 2006 em função: da maior produção, melhor cotação dos frutos para mesa e indústria, e aproveitamento dos investimentos realizados no 1º ano. As técnicas empregadas promoveram uma eficiente redução do potencial de inóculo regional, favorecendo uma sustentabilidade na produção.

Efeito de extratos de adubos verdes sobre Lactuca sativa e Digitaria horizontalis

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de extratos de quatro espécies de adubos verdes (Canavalia ensiformis, Crotalaria spectabilis, Mucuna aterrimae Sorghum bicolor cv. AG 2005) sobre a germinação de sementes e o crescimento inicial de plântulas deLactuca sativa e de Digitaria horizontalis. Foram realizados dois experimentos: no primeiro, avaliou-se a aplicação das soluções diluídas a 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% e10% de extratos aquosos da parte aérea e das raízes das espécies de adubos verdes sobre a germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação e o comprimento radicular de L. sativa; no segundo, avaliou-se a incorporação ao solo de 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 50 g dm-3 da biomassa dos adubos verdes sobre o acúmulo de massa seca (parte aérea e raízes) e o desenvolvimento radicular de plântulas de L. sativa e de D. horizontalis. Concluiu-se que os extratos aquosos das espécies C. ensiformis, C. spectabilis, M. aterrima e S. bicolor cv. AG 2005 promoveram efeitos negativos sobre a germinação e o IVG das sementes de L. sativa. A incorporação ao solo da biomassa dessas espécies de adubos verdes influenciou negativamente no desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas de L. sativa. Entretanto, verificou-se efeito positivo sobre o desenvolvimento inicial de D. horizontalis com a incorporação ao solo da biomassa de C. spectabilis.

Tempo de trânsito gastrointestinal de diferentes frutos e taxa de germinação de Morus nigra pós passagem pelo trato em Sabiás-barranco (Turdus leucomelas)

Seed dispersal is a key process in the life cycle of plant species and may determine the dynamics of their populations. The passage of the fruit from the gastrointestinal tract brings effects on energy and nutritional rewards for the bird. The retention time of the seeds is an essential factor for the dispersion, affecting the dispersal distance. Some factors determine it, as the size of the bird, degree of frugivory, chemical composition of the fruit, the number and size of seeds. The study sought to characterize the Morus nigra seed retention time in three species of thrushes and compare them with other species of birds and plants. The blackberry, exotic species with socio-economic importance in Brazil, produces aggregate fruit having up to 60 seeds. Have been kept in captivity individuals leucomelas Turdus rufiventris thrush, thrush and amaurochalinus, native and omnivorous species, important dispersers in degraded areas, inhabiting the urban and the natural environment. In 274 samples of feces was recorded about 500 mulberry seeds. The first record of seeds was in 15 minutes (n = 2) and the last to 115 minutes (n = 4) after eating the fruit. The average time of gastrointestinal transit of seed for the three species was 52 minutes and 80% were defecated to 65 minutes post ingestion. Taking into consideration the type of fruit and the species of bird, there is great variation in the retention time when compared to other species of birds, being in general slower. That way, can be increase the degree of dispersion of the seed to more distant areas of the mother plant, increasing the chances of survival of seedlings, according to the hypothesis Janzen and Connell. The Turdus It showed efficient dispersers Morus nigra seeds, and inhabits natural and urbanized environment, the possibility of exchange of these seeds between environments by the action of thrushes

Determinação de sólidos solúveis e firmeza em frutos íntegros de pessegueiro por meio da espectroscopia do infravermelho próximo (NIR)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Diagnóstico da qualidade ambiental nas áreas verdes públicas em Presidente Prudente (SP)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Aplicação de reguladores vegetais na produção e qualidade de frutos do tomateiro

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Estudo hierárquico do sistema de reprodução entre e dentro de frutos, fluxo de pólen e estrutura genética espacial em um fragmento e em árvores isoladas na pastagem de hymenaea stigonocarpa mart. ex hayne na região de cerrado

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

O uso de geotecnologias para mapeamento de áreas verdes urbanas e análise da percepção ambiental no município de São Paulo

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Áreas verdes em Teresina-PI: aspectos legais, ambientais e de gestão

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Caracterização morfocultural e molecular de Colletotrichum spp. associados a antracnose em manga, mamão e goiaba

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Efeito de reguladores vegetais na qualidade de frutos de melão rendilhado

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)