405 resultados para sistemas de plantio direto


Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito do atrazine em mistura com nicosulfuron sobre a atividade microbiológica do solo em sistema de cultivo convencional ou semeadura direta. O estudo foi realizado em área de integração milho-braquiária, sendo feitas aplicações dos herbicidas atrazine + nicosulfuron em duas dosagens (1.500 + 10 e 1.500 + 30 g h-1) e mantidas duas áreas testemunhas: não capinada e capinada sem cultivo. Por ocasião do florescimento, foram retiradas amostras do solo em cada unidade experimental, para determinação da taxa de desprendimento de CO2, carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) e quociente metabólico (qCO2). Entre os sistemas de cultivo, a taxa de desprendimento de CO2 foi menor nas parcelas não capinadas. O CBM foi maior no sistema de plantio direto, sendo afetado negativamente pela ausência de vegetação. Menores valores para CBM foram observados nas amostras de solo das parcelas capinadas. Os maiores valores de qCO2 foram observados no sistema convencional. No sistema de plantio direto não se verificou diferença entre os tratamentos cujo solo recebeu herbicida e o isento de capinas. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que os indicadores microbiológicos avaliados foram sensíveis aos tratamentos propostos, indicando menor distúrbio ao solo quando em sistema de semeadura direta. Entretanto, na integração lavoura-pecuária em sistema convencional de cultivo, o efeito negativo dos herbicidas é aumentado com o incremento na dose do nicosulfuron.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Man cultivates the soil for centuries, but the intensive business and use of the soils under Cerrado vegetation for agricultural production grew out of the seventies. The objective of this study was to evaluate soil physical characteristics as a function of sampling time and the soil uses in a Cerrado area in Uberlandia City - MG, Brazil. The managements were adopted: degraded pasture (M-1), conventional tillage (M-2), minimum tillage (M-3), tillage absence (M-4), no-tillage (NT) for three years (M-5); NT for nine years (M-6), NT for three years after Pinus (M-7), PD for one year after Pinus (M-8) and Pinus forest (M-9) with 25 years old. The evaluations were conducted in 2002/03 growing season, in two areas. The soils were: area 1, an Oxisol (Red Latosol - LV-1, M-1 through M-5) and area 2, two Oxisols (Red Latosol and Red-Yellow Latosol - LVA and LV-2, M-6 through M-9). The physical attributes studied changed depending of the soil class, sampling time and management systems, with emphasis on the area 2 soils, which, in general, better preserved its main physical attributes. Managements with intense tillage, such as the M-2, are the most soil physically degrade, presenting mostly negative changes to soil bulk density, total porosity, microporosity and macroporosity. Since the systems which promote less tillage, in short term, to preserve desirable physical attributes. The M-9 system had the lowest attributes range, compared to the others.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] have great social and economic importance for the Para State. It grows well in areas with low precipitation and two crop cycles can be obtained annually. This study aimed to assess the effect of the residual fertilization from a previous culture (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) and crop systems on cowpea yield and macronutrient concentration on leaves of three cowpea cultivars (BRSMilênio, BRS-Urubuquara e BRS-Guariba). The study was conducted at the UFRA. The treatments were two crop systems (minimum tillage and conventional), four levels of potassium (50, 100, 200 e 300 kg de KCl ha-1 applied to a previous sorghum culture) and the three cowpea cultivars. Treatments were organized as a three (4 x 2 x 3) factor experiment on a randomized complete block design. The soil was a yellow latosol. In each experiment plot five plants were selected to determine shoot dry matter and foliar nutrient concentration. Grain yield was determined after harvesting all plants on the experiment plot. The residual KCl fertilization affected foliar nutrient content, but did not affect shoot dry mass or yield of grain. Yield was higher in the minimum tillage system. Highest yield (1590 kg ha-1) was recorded int the cv. 'Guariba' when 100 kg of KCl ha-1 had been used in the previous crop. The highest content of leaf N and K was found in cowpea under minimum tillage system. The amount of P and Mg were higher in the conventional system whereas the amount of Ca did not change.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Corn cultivation is part of crop rotation used by irrigation farmers from the southwestern region of São Paulo state, Brazil, who use no-tillage soil management as a kind of sustainable use of soil. The effect of this conservative practice on physical and hydrical properties of the soil, root development and corn crop yield compared to the conventional management was the objective of this work. The experiment was held at the Buriti-Mirim Farm, Angatuba, SP, Brazil, using an irrigated area with a center pivot system and two types of soil management: conventional and no-tillage systems. Although the no-tillage management had higher soil density and less water availability, no significant difference was found for both management systems concerning soil resistance to penetration, root development and crop yield. In both systems of soil management, 90% of roots were concentrated in the first 0-20cm of soil layer.

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Agricultura) - FCA

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Relevância:

100.00% 100.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)