Germinação de sementes de maracujazeiros: água, luz, temperatura e reguladores vegetais

The production of seedlings of passion fruit is done mainly with the use of seeds by most producers. It can also be propagated by cuttings, layering and in vitro tissue culture. However, even when grafting is used, it is necessary to use seeds to produce the rootstock. Nevertheless, most Passifloracea species have germination problems, making it difficult to obtain seedlings. Although several studies have been developed in an attempt to increase seed germination of passion fruit there are still difficulties in understanding the germination process and also disagreement about seed dormancy. Thus, the present study aimed to review papers related to seed germination of passion fruit emphasizing aspects such as mechanical resistance to water ingress, the need for adequate light and temperature and the use of plant growth regulators in overcoming seed dormancy. It was noticed that, in general, the passion fruit seeds are photoblastic negative and exhibit physiological dormancy, being no need of seed scarification to stimulate its germination.

Pré-hidrólise ácida de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar e sua caracterização físico-química

The biomass resulting from processing sugarcane bagasse has been considered a source of cellulose with the potential production of bio-fuels. This lignocellulose can be processed into ethanol since is hydrolyzed by chemical processes (acids) or biotechnology (enzymes) which generate sugars suit for fermentation. This study had the objective to utilize physical and chemical pre-treatment processes for prehydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse. The experimental treatment was adjusted at a factor of 4 X 2, by the combination of pre-hydrolysis timing (15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) and sulfuric acid concentrations (7.0% and 9.0%) which was incubated at a temperature of 121° C in an autoclave. The treatment data was subjected to analysis of the variance and averages which were compared using the Tukey test with a probability of 5%. The results obtained showed that through pretreatment acid applied on the lignocellulose material, there was a significant break from the substrate fibers like cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.

Efeito imediato do método de secagem na qualidade de sementes de crambe

Crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) seeds have high oil contents and its growth in Brazil aims to produce bio diesel. The crambe seeds production and commercialization began a few years ago. Research in technology production is essential and it is also important to use high quality seeds regardless of the technological level employed in the crop production. One of the factors that affect seed quality there is the drying process. Seed drying performed properly can reduce seed moisture content for storage without decrease in its qualitative characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of natural and artificial drying methods (using heated and unheated air) on crambe seeds quality. The seeds were produced at Fazenda Lageado, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, UNESP, Botucatu/SP, on April 2009. Seeds were submitted to the following drying methods: a) seed drying in the shade with natural ventilation; b) artificial drying method using heated air; c) artificial drying method using unheated air; d) drying on ceramic patio; e) drying on the mother plant. The seeds were evaluated immediately after drying. The following tests were performed: seed moisture content; standard germination; first count of germination; seedling emergence; emergence speed index and electrical conductivity. The experimental design was randomized blocks and the data obtained was subjected to analysis of variance, worth means being compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. There was no significant difference among drying treatments in relation to: germination rate, first count of germination, electrical conductivity, seedling emergence and emergence speed index. The highest percentage of abnormal seedlings was obtained on treatment with heated air drying. The drying on the mother plant method showed the lower percentage of dead seeds. The drying methods studied did not cause an immediate effect on crambe seeds quality, which showed high percentage of dormant seeds post-harvest.

Mobilização do solo, velocidade de infiltração de água e taxa de cobertura do solo na grama esmeralda, sob manejos mecanizados

The excessive compaction of the soil observed in sod production systems, affects the physical attributes of the soil, which can influence the water infiltration into the soil and hence the rate of soil cover by turfgrasses and time of the sod production. To minimize the effects of soil compacting, some producers use soil preparation equipment that raises the soil on the surface but does not cause excessive roughness which may harm the quality of the sod. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the infiltration rate and soil cover rate due to different management mechanized in the zoysiagrass sod production. The experimental design had random plots and four replications. The treatments consisted of five mechanized managements of soil: witness (without the use of equipment); coulter blade disc harrow used once (1CB), coulter blade disc harrow used twice (2CB), surface chisel used once (1C), surface chisel and coulter blade disc harrow used once (1C + 1CB). The treatments with 2CB and 1C + 1CB provided greater basic water infiltration speed in the soil and higher rate of soil cover by the turfgrass. The rate of soil cover by turfgrass is positively correlated with water infiltration rate at 133 and 226 DAP, demonstrating the influence of managements used in zoysiagrass sod production and the increment in the infiltration rate of water. Soil preparation utilizing coulter blade disc harrow used twice or surface chisel and coulter blade disc harrow used once is recommended under the conditions this study was done.

Composição química e propriedades de pasta de farinhas de mandioca

This work aimed to analyze the chemical composition and paste properties of cassava flours, from several producers and classifications, marked in different Brazilian cities. Flours were characterized to moisture, ash, fibers, protein, lipids, total sugars and starch. The paste properties were analyzed in RVA. The results showed significant differences to chemical components in cassava flours. The moisture ranged from 4.39 to 10.26, starch (82.19 to 88.90%), ash (0.48 to 1.07%), fiber (3.23 to 6.41%), protein (1.15 to 2.13%), total sugar (0.05 to 0.56%) and lipids (0.40 to 1.24). These differences can be due the variations of raw material and process. The paste properties of flours were different, with viscosity peak ranged from 73.33 to 387.08 RVU, breakdown (2.42 to 248.83RVU, final viscosity (154.92 to 275.5 RVU) and retrogradation tendency (50.75 to 132.5 RVU), showing the influence of kind of processing on flour viscosity.

Modificação química de amido de mandioca e aplicação em emulsão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Rendimento da incubação e perda de calor dos ovos durante a transferência da incubadora para o nascedouro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Padrão de respostas metabólicas de Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe sob a aplicação de reguladores vegetais e em condições de deficiência hídrica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A relação entre fogo e uma gramínea invasora no Cerrado: o fogo pode ser utilizado como uma estratégia de controle?

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Dinâmica de campos escalares fora do equilíbrio

Pós-graduação em Física - IFT

Evolução tectônica e estratigráfica das bacias da margem continental do Uruguai

Pós-graduação em Geociências e Meio Ambiente - IGCE

Vulcanologia e petrologia das rochas vulcânicas ácidas da Província Magmática do Paraná

Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE

Maternidade e natureza: dominadores comuns?

Encontramo-nos inseridos em uma crise que afeta diversas dimensões da vida do planeta e imersos em uma sociedade pautada no 'progresso' civilizatório desenfreado que se utiliza da dominação como instrumento central. A percepção hegemônica atual se pauta no universo como um universo mecânico, no meio natural a puro serviço humano e na mulher inferiorizada, padronizada e subordinada ao homem. Este trabalho parte da necessidade de assinalar os mecanismos que dominam, excluem, padronizam e normatizam a maternidade como os mesmos que dominam a natureza e traçam a crise ecológica. Tendo como referencial teórico, o Ecofeminismo relaciona e interconecta os padrões de dominação da natureza como os mesmos que propagam a subordinação da mulher dentro de sistemas patriarcais. Utilizando como método a revisão bibliográfica não-sistematizada, a pesquisa traça paralelos entre movimentos feministas e ecológicos mostrando a maternidade como um foco a ser olhado cuidadosamente para termos uma quebra nos padrões atuais de desenvolvimento. Para melhor organização, registro do conteúdo e acesso às obras consultadas foram feitos fichamentos das mesmas com corpo contendo resumo, citações, transcrições e reflexões