Investigation of the cingulate cortex in idiopathic generalized epilepsy

Studies using quantitative neuroimaging have shown subtle abnormalities in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). These findings have several locations, but the midline parasagittal structures are most commonly implicated. The cingulate cortex is related and may be involved. The objective of the current investigation was to perform a comprehensive analysis of the cingulate cortex using multiple quantitative structural neuroimaging techniques. Thirty-two patients (18 women, 30 ± 10 years) and 36 controls (18 women, 32 ± 11 years) were imaged by 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A volumetric three-dimensional (3D) sequence was acquired and used for this investigation. Regions-of-interest were selected and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses compared the cingulate cortex of the two groups using Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM8) and VBM8 software. Cortical analyses of the cingulate gyrus was performed using Freesurfer. Images were submitted to automatic processing using built-in routines and recommendations. Structural parameters were extracted for individual analyses, and comparisons between groups were restricted to the cingulate gyrus. Finally, shape analyses was performed on the anterior rostral, anterior caudal, posterior, and isthmus cingulate using spherical harmonic description (SPHARM). VBM analyses of cingulate gyrus showed areas of gray matter atrophy, mainly in the anterior cingulate gyrus (972 mm(3) ) and the isthmus (168 mm(3) ). Individual analyses of the cingulate cortex were similar between patients with IGE and controls. Surface-based comparisons revealed abnormalities located mainly in the posterior cingulate cortex (718.12 mm(2) ). Shape analyses demonstrated a predominance of anterior and posterior cingulate abnormalities. This study suggests that patients with IGE have structural abnormalities in the cingulate gyrus mainly localized at the anterior and posterior portions. This finding is subtle and variable among patients.

Avaliação da atividade antioxidante, fotoprotetora e antiglicante dos extratos das folhas e flores de Moringa oleifera

Pós-graduação em Biociências - FCLAS

Efeito Diabetes mellitus gestacional na modulação de genes relacionados ao metabolismo mitocondrial e a implicação na predisposiçao do recém-nascido à obesidade

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional em pacientes com doenças inflamatórias intestinais

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Seguimento nutricional de pacientes após episódios de lesão renal aguda e identificação de fatores de riscos nuricionais para o óbito tardio

Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

Distribuição genômica e antigênica do BHV5 em encéfalos bovinos com meningoencefalite não supurativa: casos clínicos

Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA

Hiperparatireoidismo nutricional secundário em equinos e ruminantes: revisão de literatura

O hiperparatireoidismo nutricional secundário é um distúrbio metabólico que acomete principalmente equídeos, mas pode se manifestar em caprinos e suínos. A etiologia está relacionada a alterações nas concentrações séricas de cálcio e fósforo devido à ingestão desbalanceada na dieta, levando a hipersecreção do paratormônio e consequente hiperparatireoidismo, que se manifesta por osteodistrofia fibrosa. A apresentação clássica é o aumento de volume, em geral bilateral e simétrico, dos ossos do crânio, sendo que o diagnóstico baseia-se principalmente na presença desta alteração. Entretanto, outros ossos também podem ser acometidos. Testes bioquímicos podem contribuir para o diagnóstico ao revelarem concentrações séricas de cálcio ionizado abaixo dos valores de referência e teor sérico de fósforo orgânico acima do normal, além de aumento na atividade da enzima fosfatase alcalina. Exames radiográficos demonstram opacidade óssea diminuída. O tratamento consiste principalmente na correção do desequilíbrio cálcio:fósforo na dieta e a profilaxia é de extrema importância a fim de se evitar prejuízos econômicos.

Quarto molar retido: a importância do diagnóstico precoce

Introductions: A supernumerary tooth is one that is additional to the normal series and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch. Its etiology is not fully understood. With regard to its prevalence, it occurs more commonly in permanent dentition and twice as often in men than in women. Supernumerary teeth are classified according to their morphology and location. Their presence can cause problems such as failure of eruption, displacement of teeth, crowding and odontogenic cysts and tumors. The diagnosis is usually by routine radiographs, for the majority of such teeth are impacted and asymptomatic. Objective and Case report: The purpose of this study was to make a brief review of the relevant literature and report one clinical case of the female patient, 23 years, melanoderma, featuring three quarters molars. Final considerations: The early diagnosis proved to be important for the resolution of the case in order to minimize or even prevent the development of complications and thus establish a proper plan of treatment.

Reabsorção condilar progressiva: revisão de literatura

The progressive condylar resorption is a irreversible complication that can result in malocclusion and facial deformity that can happen especially in postoperative orthognathic surgery of mandibular advancement or combined surgery. Predominantly affect young women, bearers of malocclusions of skeletal class II and with incidence of temporomandibular disorders prior to surgical treatment. Its exact etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. The purpose of this article is to make a literature review of the last 10 years on the progressive condylar resorption. For this, we used the Medline database for articles in the English language. Then, 13 articles were found, evaluated and compared on predisposing factors, etiology, diagnosis and clinical management.

Tumor odontogênico queratocístico: revisão de literatura

The odontogenic keratocyst is called keratocyst odontogenic tumor (TOQ), due to its features compatible with neoplasms, such as its high recurrence rate and mechanism of growth. Although its etiology has unknown, the origin seems to be connected with dental lamina remaining. This entity is generally benign, with slow progression, asymptomatic, and among the odontogenic tumors, its prevalence is high. It affects mainly males, with predilection for the posterior mandible, while in most cases associated with an impacted tooth. Radiographically, this lesion is unilocular. Histological features are stratified epithelial basal cells with hyperchromatic paraqueratinizado. Treatment ranges from conservative to radical interventions. As a result of the controversy as TOQ tumor entity, the present work is a literature review of current findings, emphasizing its intrinsic features to contribute to developments in the study of this new entity.

Procedimentos básicos em periodontia: método lógico para estabilizar a doença periodontal avançada

To treat periodontal disease is essential to establish a control in all etiological factors that cause destructive activity in periodontal tissues. Basic periodontal therapy may be applied to eliminate or/and to control all etiologic factors involved in disease development. In this paper, some aspects to stabilize advanced periodontal disease using basic periodontal therapy are analyzed and discussed.

Displasia cemento-óssea florida: relato de caso

The florid cemento-osseous dysplasia is an asymptomatic lesion present in the fibro-osseous maxilla and mandible of uncertain etiology. It has higher expression in females, and patients melanoderm, middle-aged to elderly. This dysplasia is an asymptomatic condition that can be discovered when a radiograph is performed. A biopsy is contraindicated to avoid infection difficult to treat. We report the case of a white woman 52 years old, who searched the Clinic of Surgery and Traumatology Bucco-maxillofacial surgery, Faculty of Dentistry of Araçatuba with pain in the posterior portion of left mandible. After radiographic examination was diagnosed with florid cementoosseous dysplasia. Treatment was instituted clinical and radiographic.

Manutenção em próteses implantossuportadas: peri-implantite

The identification and treatment of peri-implant infections are an essential stage in the maintenance of dental implants, reflecting the longevity of rehabilitation. Therefore, the aim of the study was to conduct a literature review addressing peri-implantitis in dental implants in order to guide planning for the longevity of oral rehabilitation. It was conducted a detailed search strategy by the PubMed / Medline Dentistry and Oral Science, it was used as descriptors: “peri-implantitis” and “Dental Implant”, until July 2013. From 566 articles, after a review, according to the inclusion criteria, 34 articles were selected. The results were grouped together in topics (concept, etiology, diagnosis, surgical and nonsurgical, and aspects of oral rehabilitation) for further discussion and conclusions. Conclusions: The accumulation of plaque has been associated with a higher propensity to peri-implantitis. There is a higher incidence of the peri-implantitis disease among patients with previous history of periodontal disease. The local administration of antibiotics and association with mouthwashes / topical use are indicated as suitable for the treatment of moderate peri-implantitis.

Erosão dental e suas implicações sobre a saúde bucal

The concepts of buccal health promotion and the increase of life expectancy have contributed for the highest maintenance of dental elements. Thus, with the new alimentary and behavioral habits the irreversible loss of dental hard tissue of non-carious origin has increased substantially, being divided in attrition, erosion and abrasion. The dental erosion is a chronic pathology defined as the superficial loss of dental hard tissue as a result of a chemical process not involving bacteria caused by acid that could be intrinsic, extrinsic or unknown etiology, causing irreversible loss of mineral tissue and dentinal hypersensitivity. The aim of this paper is to present a review of literature on the main factors that can cause the injuries of erosion, including the different aspects related to its etiology, classification, diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Simplificação no tratamento da fratura de ângulo mandibular por meio do acesso intrabucal

Mandibular fractures are the injury most commonly found in the facial bones. They have varied etiology, such as automobile, motorcycle and cycling accidents, physical abuse and falls. The choice of treatment of mandibular fractures most often employed is the reduction and fixation of bone fragments. Regarding fractures involving the mandibular angle, access headgear is the most widely used, in view of the action of masticatory muscles causing greater displacement of fractured stumps. Therefore, the proposal to introduce a conservative approach and facilitated for the treatment of fractures of the mandibular angle, as well as to demystify the contraindication to intraoral approach cases unfavorable fracture displacement, this work is to report a clinical casesurgical mandibular angle fracture, treated by intraoral approach. The fracture was fixed with two plates, one following the external oblique line system (1.5 mm) and a lower system (2.0 mm), with the help of percutaneous trocar. This approach is very promising for these cases, in order to ease the technical as well as by reducing the technical complications of extraoral approach.