Subsídios geomorfológicos para a avaliação da sensibilidade ambiental ao óleo: o caso do baixo curso do rio Tietê (SP)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação das características geomorfológicas na sensibilidade ambiental a derrames de óleo: estudo de caso no baixo curso do rio Piracicaba

The environmental sensitivity charts to oil constitute an important tools for contingency planning and assessment of damage caused by oil spills. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the sensitivity of river dynamics to oil spills. Through the identification and mapping of fluvial geomorphological features will be assessed the importance of these resources in terms of sensitivity to oil spills. Through satellite images, was obtained the geomorphological mapping and geomorphological parameters were analysed, in order to characterize the environmental sensitivity to oil spills and derivatives. Therefore, the implementation of an environmental sensitivity mapping from geomorphological parameters contributes to the mapping of the environmental sensitivity to oil, which will assist in the containment and cleanup procedures in case of accidents in fluvial and terrestrial environments, that are slightly studied in Brazil

Análise Energética do processo experimental de produção de Biodiesel a partir do óleo de frango

There is a great global concern about the depletion and the high cost of fossil fuel reserves exploitation, more than ever, it is necessary to make a profound study and take advantage of alternative sources that can be used as energy efficiency with an appropriate pricing and low environmental impact. Brazil, which has highlighted using alternative energy sources as the use of ethanol and, in recent years, has been encouraging the expansion of its energy matrix in which the biodiesel will have a strategic importance within the agrobusiness area. Biodiesel is a fuel that can replace the diesel, which is a petroleum derivative. It is an ester, produced in the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils and animal greases, in an alcohol with an additional catalyst, are converted into fatty acids and result in esters with glycerol as sub products. The objective of this study was to estimate the final energy balance for the process biodiesel production from oil chicken waste. The energy balance estimation was quantified in calorific value according to the energy expenditure by calorimetric bomb method. The relationship between input and output of energy was around 0.97. In a first evaluation, the procedures adopted should be improved enough, so the process can become energetic and economically viable.

Co-digestão anaeróbia de dejetos de suínos, níveis de inclusão de óleo de descarte e microrganismos lipolíticos redução do impacto ambiental

The objective of this work for evaluating the potential of biogas and methane productions and still and reductions in levels of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the co-digestion anaerobic digestion in digesters fed with swine manure plus disposal of oil and lyophilized microorganisms. For assay development substrates were prepared containing 4% TS, consisting of swine manure, disposal oil (the proportions 8, 10 and 12% oil content in relation to the substrate TS), lyophilized microorganisms (Biol-2000 ® - concentrations of 10 g/m3 and 15 g/m3 ), water for dilution of this waste and inoculum for batch digesters supply. There was no significant difference with respect to reductions in TS, VS and NDF constituents, providing very significant reductions in average 54.14; 62.79 and 49.16% respectively. Regarding the potential of biogas production, the highest yields occurred in digesters supplied with 10% oil and 15 g/m3 of Biol®, being 0.43 and 0.54 L of biogas per kg of TS and VS added, respectively, similar results were found when assessed the potential for methane production, with higher values (0.22 and 0.27 L of methane per kg of TS added and VS, respectively) obitidos the same treatment. The inclusion of 15 g/m3 in Biol® substrate composition containing swine manure and 10% of oil improves the yields of biogas and methane.

Extração e caracterização qualitativa do óleo da polpa e amendoas de frutos de macaúba [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq) Lodd. ex Mart] coletada na região de Botucatu - SP

The international energy situation indicates to the depletion of oil reserves in the short term. Brazil, considering its potential, has sought through public policy, encourage the study of alternative forms of energy. Many of these forms are based on sub-products and agricultural products, especially the ethanol industry for fuel purposes. Another alternative of vegetable origin, most recently discussed, would be the production of fuel oil called biodiesel. The study aimed to extract and measure the pulp oil production of macaúba palm [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq) Lodd. ex Mart], collected in Botucatu (SP). In addition, the qualitative analysis of the pulp and almond oil are determined. The results showed low productivity in oils, compared to the reported for macauba natural populations of Minas Gerais. The qualitative analysis of the macauba pulp shows to be rich in long chain fatty acids, while the almond have significant amounts of lauric acid.

Análise parâmetros elétricos consumo, fator de carga e demanda de empresas de refino de óleo vegetal

Empresas muitas vezes tem seu consumo de energia elétrica descontrolados por possuírem motores elétricos muitas vezes super-dimensionados, trabalhando em vazio ou em horário de pico. Sendo este tipo de atividade responsável por grande parte do gasto energético da empresa. Existem dois fatores que avaliam o modo de utilização desta energia, denominados fator de potência (fp) e fator de carga (fc), que indicam a eficiência e racionalidade da forma de utilização da energia elétrica, respectivamente. A necessidade de uma avaliação global da utilização da energia, levando em consideração os dois fatores citados, é realizada por especialistas da área energética para a determinação da situação real da empresa. Podendo ser uma tarefa árdua muitas vezes demorada. Para isto é necessária uma análise estatística descritiva dos dados. Este trabalho tem como objetivo realizar esta analise de dados de uma empresa de refino de óleo vegetal.

Remoção pela chuva de diferentes formulações de flutriafol aplicada em soja, com e sem a adição de óleo mineral na calda

The present study had as objectives to verify the effect of rainfastness of different flutriafol formulations, in laboratory conditions, applied on soybean plants with and without the oil adjuvant in the spray solution, as well as to verify the influence of the oil on the droplet spectrum. The experiment considered ten spray solutions related to five treatments containing flutriafol (four formulations of flutriafol and a flutriafol mixture with tebuconazole), all applied with and without mineral oil. Particles size analysis were based on the determination of the droplet spectrum, medium volumetric diameter and the amount of droplets below 100 μm. All the solutions were sprayed with Teejet XR 11001 (fine droplets). Droplet spectrum was determined in a direct way by diffraction of laser (Malvern Mastersizer S®, version 2.15). Confidence interval at 90% degree was used to compare the mean data. The results showed that the addition of mineral oil in the solutions provided tendencies of larger medium volumetric diameter, smaller amount of droplets below than 100 µm and better uniformity of the droplet spectrum. All of the solutions with the addition of mineral oil presented larger adhesion and/or absorption of the fungicide on the plants in comparison with the solutions without oil. The increase of the time between the application and the rain, caused reduction of the fungicide removal, independently of the rain intensity. The increase of the amount of rain didn't change the relative behavior among the solutions; however, this larger amount of rain caused larger fungicide removal along the time. It was observed significant removal of flutriafol by the rain up to 48 hours after the spray application.

Características Físico-Químicas, energéticas e desempenho da fibra de coco na sorção de óleo diesel e biodiesel

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da capacidade de renovação do epitélio do mesêntero e seus efeitos no potencial reprodutivo de fêmeas adultas de Ceraeochrysa claveri (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) alimentadas durante a fase larval com óleo de nim (azadirachta indica A. JUSS)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Produtividade e perfil químico de óleo essencial de acessos de Varronia curassavica Jacq. em diferentes horários de coleta e período sazonal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo da combustão do óleo pirolítico de pneus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da associação de antimicrobiano e óleo essencial na atividade antimicrobiana e propriedades físico-químicas de cimentos endodônticos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)