Use of a Tooth-Implant Supported Bone Distractor in Oral Rehabilitation: Description of a Personalized Technique

Osteodistraction is a clinical reality available for the resolution of bone deficiencies before dental implant placement or in cases where the existing implants are at the wrong position. The objective of this study is to suggest a new possibility for bone distraction, based on tooth-implant bone distractors, in areas were there is the need for extensive alveolar bone recovery, with installed dental implants. This technique presented good results associated with its simplicity and low cost, making it a viable clinical solution for bone tissue augmentation. Although its use is recent, the suggested technique shows the potential to become used widely in attempts to achieve bone-height augmentation, primarily when dental implants are installed and osteointegrated already. (C) 2008 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

Electromyographic activity of shoulder muscles during exercises performed with oscillatory and non-oscillatory poles

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A dor e a disfunção no complexo articular do ombro é comumente encontrada na prática fisioterapêutica. Essas anormalidades musculoesqueléticas estão relacionadas à instabilidade e inadequado funcionamento cinemático, que dependem da integridade dos tecidos musculares. Assim, no sentido de prevenir e reabilitar esses sintomas, o uso da haste oscilatória vem sendo implantado para melhorar os resultados de técnicas cinesioterapêuticas. OBJETIVOS: Analisar a atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) dos músculos que estabilizam a articulação do ombro durante a realização de exercícios com haste oscilatória e haste não-oscilatória. MÉTODOS: Participaram do estudo 12 voluntárias com idade de 20,4±1,9 anos. Os dados EMG foram coletados nos músculos trapézio superior (TrS), trapézio inferior (TrI) e deltoide médio (DM) durante três diferentes exercícios realizados com haste oscilatória e haste não-oscilatória. O sinal EMG foi analisado no domínio do tempo pelo cálculo do Root Mean Square (RMS). Os valores de RMS foram normalizados pelo valor de pico obtido em todas as tentativas por cada músculo. A análise estatística foi feita com os testes ANOVA para medidas repetidas e post-hoc de Bonferroni. RESULTADOS: A atividade EMG dos músculos TrS, TrI e DM foi significativamente maior nos exercícios com haste oscilatória do que com haste não-oscilatória (todos p<0,001). Não foram significativas as diferenças na ativação desses músculos entre os exercícios. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo indicaram que a haste oscilatória requisitou maior atividade EMG dos músculos do ombro e, assim, pode ser um instrumento útil no treinamento desses músculos.

Oxidative stress during rehabilitation from protein malnutrition associated with aerobic exercise in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Bone mineral density of rat femurs after hindlimb unloading and different physical rehabilitation programs

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Some particularities of dam rehabilitation projects

The number of dams, which need rehabilitation, is growing, not only in countries that have a long tradition in dam building and operation but,also in those regions where the infrastructure is still in full development. Though rehabilitation projects generally deal with problems that are common in dam engineering practice there are some peculiarities which are a characteristic of such projects and which must be duly taken into account to avoid unsuccess and/or unnecessary costs. Regular safety inspection is essential to forestall the development of structural, hydrological and operational unsafety. if need of major repair or overall rehabilitation of a dam becomes apparent design oft he rehabilitation project must be preceded by a comprehensive checkup of the structure and appurtenant works, as well as by an evaluation of its hydrological safety inclusive of all relevant environmental aspects. The availability of complete records on the clam's structural behaviour and on meteorological and hydrological data, as well as the knowledge of the materials properties of the existing structure are important for the successful design of a rehabilitation project. To this end the installation of monitoring devices in the existing structure may be necessary to generate representative data. While the criteria to be used in structural design should correspond to current standards, the definition of hydrological design criteria depends on considerations that vary widely from region to region or even from one country to another. Some basic hydrological safety requirements, however, are recommended for general acceptance. Dam rehabilitation projects demand very careful and detailed construction planning because of their dependence on river flow conditions, operational restrictions and, often, on procedures or limitations imposed to avoid harm to the environment. of utmost importance is the timely availability of the financial funds required to complete the project, in order to avoid delays which could result in structural or operational unsafety. Since every dam sooner or later will have to undergo major repair or updating of safety, rehabilitation may evolve to a speciality of dam engineering.

All-on-four concept and immediate loading for simultaneous rehabilitation of the atrophic maxilla and mandible with conventional and zygomatic implants

We report the simultaneous rehabilitation of an edentulous patient with a hybrid (zygomatic and conventional implants) all-on-four implant-supported prosthesis for the maxilla and a standard (conventional implants) all-on-four implant-supported prosthesis for the mandible. The transfer impression was made with a multifunctional guide and the upper and lower prostheses were placed 24 h postoperatively. Clinical and radiographic examinations showed no infection or bony resorption 2 years later. Simultaneous maxillary and mandibular rehabilitation with all-on-four immediate loading is a viable, fast and effective option for edentulous patients. (C) 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

Electromyographic study of levator scapulae and rhomboideus major muscles in movements of the shoulder and arm

In 21 normal adult male subjects, the muscular activity of the levator scapulae and rhomboideus major muscles was studied electromyographically during the movements of the shoulder and arm. Two single coaxial needle electrodes were used for registering the action potentials. Concerning shoulder movement, it was shown that the levator scapulae was active in elevation and rhomboideus major was active in retraction. Both muscles were inactive during protrusion, in most events. Concerning free movements of the arm, both muscles were active in abduction, elevation, adduction, flexion and circumduction, but inactive in extension. During the same movements, performed with a load, we observed greater intensity in the activity of these muscles in comparison to their activity during free movements.

Morphometric study of the small intestinal mucosa in young, adult, and old rats submitted to protein deficiency and rehabilitation

Linear and stereological morphometric methods were applied to the jejunal and ileal mucosa of young, adult, and old male Wistar rats submitted to protein deficiency and rehabilitation. The animals were fed ad libitum a 2% casein diet during 42 days and then received a 20% casein diet for 30 days. Food intake, body weights, and plasma protein concentrations were recorded. In the young protein deficient rats values of mucosal height, surface area, and volume of the lamina propria were significantly lower than those of their age controls in both jejunum and ileum. In adults the differences were less marked and in the old rats all parameters were found to be unaltered by the protein deficient diet. The surface-to-volume ratio showed no significant differences between control and protein deficient in all three age groups, meaning that villus pattern did not change with protein deficiency. On rehabilitation, a striking difference between jejunum and ileum was observed in the young rats; all parameters returned to control levels in the jejunum, while they remained lower than those of their controls in the ileum.

Electromyographic study of the trapezius muscle in free movements of the shoulder

The objective of this study is to analyze the simultaneity of the actions of the three portions of the trapezius (superior portion = TS; middle portion = TM and inferior portion = TI) in elevation, lowering, retraction and protraction of the shoulders. The electromyographic tests were carried out in 20 volunteers using a 4-channel TECA TE 2-7 electromyograph and surface and single coaxial needle electrodes. The electromyographs, obtained with the two types of electrodes, show that in elevation and lowering of the shoulders, TS and TM present increasing and decreasing activity, respectively, from the beginning until the end of these movements. In retraction of the shoulders, TM and TI present increasing activity from the beginning to the end of the movement. In protraction, TS, TM and TI do not show any activity.

Aesthetic and functional ocular rehabilitation

The ocular losses are embarrassing to the bearer because they commit the face which has the essential organs for the human relationship. The present study shows the multidiscipline interaction in the treatment of a child who lost his left eye victim of a fire gun and needed an ocular plastic surgery for a correct prosthesis insertion. The ocular prosthesis fills in the ocular cavity simulating the facial growth and restoring its symmetry. Therefore, there are aesthetics, anatomic and physiological improvement on the child's face that allows her to be reinstated in society without being discriminated for her differences. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of a bone defect with a teeth-implant supported, removable partial denture

The use of teeth-implant, mucosa-supported removable dentures for rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients involves highly complex biomechanical aspects. This type of prosthesis associates 3 kinds of support that react differently to the functional and parafunctional forces developed in the oral cavity. Although the construction of removable partial dentures may seem paradoxical when osseointegrated implants are placed, in some cases, this option is an excellent alternative to solve difficulties related to the anatomic, biologic, psychomotor, and financial conditions of the patient. This article reports on a case in which a teeth-implant, mucosa-supported removable partial denture was the option of choice for a patient with financial and anatomic limitations, having a large structural loss of the residual alveolar ridge caused by trauma by a gunshot injury at the mandible. The 5-year follow-up did not reveal any type of biomechanical or functional problem. Copyright © 2006 by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.