Prevalência da baixa densidade mineral óssea em mulheres na pós-menopausa tratadas de câncer de mama

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Programa de capacitação de famílias de crianças, jovens e adultos usuários de comunicação alternativa

This study aimed to enter a training program for family members of children, youth and adults who use augmentative and alternative communication systems in the context of alternative languages . The study included families in the age group of 25-65 years in the period 2010- 2012. The activities were held weekly with duration of one hour in a alternative communication laboratory. All activities were videotaped and after that, the verbal participants’ reports were transcribed. The obtained categories were analyzed according to the steps of the program. The results indicated that families realized: the necessity of graphics systems for communication; the importance of adapted materials; and the need to understand their children’s different skills. The study reinforced the need for systematic and continuous guidance for families, as well as highlighted the use of graphics systems in the context of language.

Fatores prognósticos para o abandono precoce do tratamento da dependência do álcool, crack e outras drogas em uma comunidade terapêutica

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Etnobotânica e práticas agroecológicas na comunidade rural Rio dos Couros, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Results of screening for cervical cancer among pregnant and non-pregnant women in Brazil

Objective: To compare cervical cytology test results among pregnant and non-pregnant women, and to assess associations with age, screening history, and onset of sexual intercourse. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of cervical smears obtained from women aged 18-34 years in the Campinas region of Brazil between January 2000 and December 2009. Eligible participants had not undergone cytological screening within the previous year and had no history of precursor lesions or cervical cancer. Multinomial logistic regression was performed for different age groups, with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) as the endpoint. Results: Overall, 3072 (0.4%) of 861 353 non-pregnant women and 135 (0.4%) of 37 568 pregnant women had HSILs. Odds of HSIL among pregnant and non-pregnant women did not differ in any age group. An increased age at first sexual intercourse among pregnant women reduced odds of HSILs in all age groups (odds ratio 0.9 [95% confidence interval 0.8-0.9] for all). Among women aged 21-24 years, 25-29 years, and 30-34 years, some associations were identified between an interval of less than 5 years since previous screening and reduced odds of HSILs. Conclusion: Mandatory cervical cytology screening does not seem to be necessary for pregnant women; protocols in place for non-pregnant women should be followed. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Temporo-spatial gait parameters during street crossing conditions: a comparison between younger and older adults

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito do envelhecimento e do estresse crônico sobre a reação do tecido conjuntivo subcutâneo: estudo histológico em ratos

Physiological functions undergo a gradual retardation that begins around 25-30 years and extends to the death. Moreover, this change affects most severely the activities more complex and more intricate responses to tensions or stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically in aged rats the effect of chronic stress on the reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate histologically in aged rats the effect of chronic stress on the reaction of subcutaneous connective tissue. For this purpose, 60 rats were divided into four groups (GI (control), GII (stressed), GIII (elderly) and GIV (aged / stressed) received dorsal subcutaneous implants of polyethylene tubes containing saline solution. In groups of four animals were sacrificed at 7,14 and 28 days postoperatively. The results allowed to observe more intense inflammatory reaction and tissue organization later in the aged animals subjected to stress.

Results of 23 years of selection for post-weaning weight in a Caracu beef herd

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Urinary incontinence and vaginal squeeze pressure two years post-cesarean delivery in primiparous women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Titanium surface topography after brushing with fluoride and fluoride-free toothpaste simulating 10 years of use

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Using post-release monitoring data to optimize avian reintroduction programs: a 2-year case study from the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Population Structure and Pathotype Diversity of the Wheat Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae 25 Years After Its Emergence in Brazil

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Comparison between noninvasive mechanical ventilation and standard oxygen therapy in children up to 3 years old with respiratory failure after extubation: a pilot prospective randomized clinical study

Objectives: The effectiveness of noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation in preventing reintubation due to respiratory failure in children remains uncertain. A pilot study was designed to evaluate the frequency of extubation failure, develop a randomization approach, and analyze the feasibility of a powered randomized trial to compare noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and standard oxygen therapy post extubation for preventing reintubation within 48 hours in children with respiratory failure.Design: Prospective pilot study.Setting: PICU at a university-affiliated hospital.Patients: Children aged between 28 days and 3 years undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation for greater than or equal to 48 hours with respiratory failure after programmed extubation.Interventions: Patients were prospectively enrolled and randomly assigned into noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation group and inhaled oxygen group after programmed extubation from May 2012 to May 2013.Measurements and Main Results: Length of stay in PICU and hospital, oxygenation index, blood gas before and after tracheal extubation, failure and reason for tracheal extubation, complications, mechanical ventilation variables before tracheal extubation, arterial blood gas, and respiratory and heart rates before and 1 hour after tracheal extubation were analyzed. One hundred eight patients were included (noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation group, n = 55 and inhaled oxygen group, n = 53), with 66 exclusions. Groups did not significantly differ for gender, age, disease severity, Pediatric Risk of Mortality at admission, tracheal intubation, and mechanical ventilation indications. There was no statistically significant difference in reintubation rate (noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation group, 9.1%; inhaled oxygen group, 11.3%; p > 0.05) and length of stay (days) in PICU (noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation group, 3 [116]; inhaled oxygen group, 2 [1-25]; p > 0.05) or hospital (noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation group, 19 [7-141]; inhaled oxygen group, 17 [8-80]).Conclusions: The study indicates that a larger randomized trial comparing noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and standard oxygen therapy in children with respiratory failure is feasible, providing a basis for a future trial in this setting. No differences were seen between groups. The number of excluded patients was high.

Pre-emptive epidural ketamine or S(+)-ketamine in post-incisional pain in dogs: A comparative study

Objective-To compare the pre-emptive analgesic effects of epidural ketamine or S(+)-ketamine on post-incisional hyperalgesia.Study Design-Prospective randomized study.Animals-Twenty-four mongrel dogs (1-5 years, weighing 11.9 +/- 1.8 kg).Methods-Dogs were anesthetized with propofol (5 mg/kg intravenously) and a lumbosacral epidural catheter was placed. Dogs were randomly allocated to 3 groups, each with 8 dogs. The control group (CG) was administered saline solution (0.3 mL/kg); the ketamine group (KG) ketamine (0.6 mg/kg); and the S(+)-ketamine group (SG) S(+)-ketamine (0.6 mg/kg). The final volume was adjusted to 0.3 mL/kg in all groups. Five minutes after the epidural injection a surgical incision was made in the common pad of the right hind limb and was immediately closed with simple interrupted nylon suture. Respiratory (RR) and heart (HR) rates, rectal temperature (7, sedation (S), lameness score, and mechanical nociceptive threshold by von Frey filaments were evaluated before the propofol anesthesia and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes and then at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24 hours after epidural injection.Results-There were no differences in RR, HR, T, or S between groups. Motor blockade of the hind limbs was observed during 20 +/- 3.6 minutes in KG and during 30.6 +/- 7.5 minutes in SG (mean SD). Mechanical force applied to obtain an aversive response was higher from 45 minutes to 12 hours in KG and from 60 to 90 minutes in SG, when compared with CG.Conclusions-Pre-emptive epidural ketamine induced no alterations in RR and FIR, and reduced post-incisional hyperalgesia for a longer time than did S(+) ketamine.Clinical Relevance-Although anesthetic and analgesic potency of S(+) ketamine is twice that of ketamine, the racemic form is seemingly better for post-incisional hyperalgesia. (C) Copyright 2004 by the American College of Veterinary Surgeons.

Environmental temperature and cloacal and surface temperatures of broiler chicks in first week post-hatch

Adequate environmental temperature during the brooding period is very important to future broiler performance. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the extent to which environmental temperature affects the body weight and cloacal and surface (back, head, wing, and shank) temperatures. The study also investigated the sensible heat loss by radiation of broiler chicks reared at three environmental temperatures (35, 25, and 20 degrees C) up to 7 days of life. The results showed that chicks raised at low environmental temperature (20 degrees C) had lower body weight at 7 days of age. Birds kept at 20 degrees C also had significantly lower cloacal and surface temperatures than did other birds. The most marked difference was seen in the shanks. These findings revealed that body weight declined in chicks reared at 20 degrees C, and radiant heat loss (W) was nine times higher than for the birds kept at 35 degrees C at 7 days of age.