Studies on carbon-13 turnover in eggs and blood of commercial layers

This paper aimed at evaluating the influence of diets containing different isotopic values of carbon-13 turnover on the half-life of egg (yolk + albumen), yolk and albumen individually, and blood of poultry using δ‰ 13C isotopic variation. Commercial layers fed four experimental isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets (RC 4, RC 3, RMC 4 and RMC 3) containing different isotopic values, during an experimental period of 56 days. Turnover of the studied tissues was influenced by the experimental diets. Blood and albumen were more influenced by dietary treatments as compared to egg and yolk. The RMC 3 diet induced better performance (better feed intake and higher egg production) due faster rate of carbon substitution than the RC 4 diet, and lower half-life for egg (yolk + albumen), yolk, and albumen.

From doubly labelled water to half-life; validating radio-isotopic rubidium turnover to measure metabolism in small vertebrates

The doubly labelled water method (DLW) is widely used to measure field metabolic rate (FMR), but it has some limitations. Here, we validate an innovative technique for measuring FMR by comparing the turnover of isotopic rubidium (86Rb kb) with DLW depletion and the rate of CO2 production (V·co2) measured by flow-through respirometry (FTR) for two dunnart species (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae), Sminthopsis macroura (17 g) and Sminthopsis ooldea (10 g). The rate of metabolism as assessed by V·co2 (FTR) and 86Rb kb was significantly correlated for both species (S. macroura, r2 = 0·81, P = 1·19 × 10-5; S. ooldea, r2 = 0·63, P = 3·84 × 10-4), as was V·co2 from FTR and DLW for S. macroura (r2 = 0·43, P = 0·039), but not for S. ooldea (r2 = 0·29, P = 0·168). There was no relationship between V·co2 from DLW and 86Rb kb for either species (S. macroura r2 = 0·22, P = 0·169; S. ooldea r2 = 0·21, P = 0·253). We conclude that 86Rb kb provided useful estimates of metabolic rate for dunnarts. Meta-analysis provided different linear relationships between V·co2 and 86Rb kb for endotherms and ectotherms, suggesting different proportionalities between metabolic rate and 86Rb kb for different taxa. Understanding the mechanistic basis for this correlation might provide useful insights into the cause of these taxonomic differences in the proportionality. At present, it is essential that the relationship between metabolic rate and 86Rb kb be validated for each taxon of interest. The advantages of the 86Rb technique over DLW include lower equipment requirements and technical expertise, and the longer time span over which measurements can be made. The 86Rb method might be particularly useful for estimating FMR of groups for which the assumptions of the DLW technique are compromised (e.g. amphibians, diving species and fossorial species), and groups that are practically challenging for DLW studies (e.g. insects). © 2013 British Ecological Society.

Phenotypic and metabolic aspects of prostatic epithelial cells in aged gerbils after antisteroidal therapy: Turnover in the state of chromatin condensation and androgen-independent cell replacement

The gerbil is a rodent considered a good model for studies of prostatic morphophysiology under different experimental conditions. Studies involving castration and steroidal blockers of aged gerbils showed that the glandular epithelium persists after long-term therapy, preventing the organ atrophy. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic characteristics and behavior of prostatic epithelial cells that remained after different periods of hormone ablation in aged gerbils. The identification of elements that influenced the survival of this cell type was performed by morphometric, nuclear phenotypes, ultrastructural and immune histochemical analysis. The most significant responses to treatment, by analyzing morphometric features, were observed during the first three time points (day 1, day 3, and day 7), after which there appeared to be an adjustment of the gland to the hormone ablation. All treatments led to changes in the state of chromatin condensation, DNA methylation pattern and phenotypic changes indicated cell senescence. Additionally, an increase in the basal cells seemed to guarantee self-renewal properties to the epithelium. These data indicate that changes occur at many levels, including gene expression and nuclear architecture in the epithelial cells, when aging and steroidal blockade are associated. These aspects are important when considering castration-resistant prostate cancer, a malignant tumor posing difficult therapeutic intervention. © 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

Turnover do carbono-13 nos tecidos de frangos de corte em diferentes fases de crescimento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Turnover de carbono e a preferência alimentar de ovelhas por isótopos estáveis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação da essencialidade da metionina e lisina em frangos de corte pelo turnover de isótopos estáveis de carbono

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Técnica dos isótopos estáveis para determinar o turnover de carbono nas fezes, no sangue e plasma de bovinos jovens confinados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Turnover do δ13C em sangue e ovo de codorna japonesa na fase de crescimento e postura

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Turnover do carbono nos tecidos de suínos em diferentes fases de crescimento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Turnover do carbono (δ13c) em linhagens de frangos de corte tipo colonial

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Turnover isotópico do carbono em tecidos corporais de suínos: músculos, fígado, gordura abdominal, plasma, casco e costela

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito da glutamina, do glutamato e de nucleotídeos sobre o Turnover do carbono ( 13C) em tecidos de leitões desmamados

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Turnover isotópico do 13C em aves poedeiras

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Turnover do carbono-13 em tecidos de frangos de corte pelo método de linearização

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Turnover de carbono nos tecidos de frangos de corte em diferentes fases de crescimento

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)