Sex and reproductive stage differences in the growth, metabolism, feed, fecal production, excretion and energy budget of the Amazon River prawn (Macrobrachium amazonicum)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Ocurrence of male morphotypes of Macrobrachium amazonicum (Caridea, Palaemonidae) in a population with an entirely freshwater life cycle

This study records, for the first time, the occurrence of all four male morphotypes in a population of Macrobrachium amazonicum from a continental environment, with an entirely freshwater life cycle. The specimens studied came from the Tietê River, state of São Paulo, Brazil, and were collected in a lotic environment downstream from Ibitinga Dam. This population was compared with other continental populations, including a population from the dam itself, collected in a previous study. Four samples of 30 minutes were taken monthly, using a trap, from January to April 2011. Each male specimen was measured with respect to seven body dimensions as follows: carapace length (CL), right cheliped length (RCL), dactyl length (DCL), propodus length (PPL), carpus length (CRL), merus length (ML) and ischium length (IL). The relative growth was analyzed based on the change in growth patterns of certain body parts in relation to the independent variable CL. The four male morphotypes proposed for the species were found using morphological and morphometric analyses. Different biological characteristics were found between the populations studied. The male population of the lake of Ibitinga and from Pantanal presented mean sizes and number of morphotypes lower than the population studied here. These differences seem to be closely related to ecological characteristics of the environments inhabited by these populations. Our results supported the hypothesis that coastal and continental populations of M. amazonicum belong to the same species.

Influence of stocking densities in the nursery phase on the growth of Macrobrachium amazonicum reared in net pens

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito da intensidade luminosa no desenvolvimento larval do camarão-da-amazônia, Macrobrachium amazonicum

The effects of four light intensities (0; 2.8 +/- 0.9; 5,5 +/- 1,8 e 7,8 +/- 2,5 mu mol s(-1) m(-2), about 136.5 +/- 87.5; 273 +/- 43.8 e 390 +/- 125 lux, respectively) on survival, productivity, weight gain and larval development of Macrobrachium amazonicum were investigated. Four treatments with three replicate tanks were evaluated. Newly hatched larvae were held in black tanks (80.2 +/- 0.6 larvae L(-1)) filled with 50-L-brackish water (salinity of 10), in a recirculating system. Tanks were covered with shadow cloth allowing 35% and 70% light, respectively, to reach light intensities of 2.8 +/- 0.9 and 5.5 +/- 1.8 mu mol s(-1) m(-2) at the water surface. Complete absence of light (0 mu mol s(-1) m(-2)) was obtained covering the tanks with opaque black plastic, and full-light condition used no covering (7.8 +/- 2.5 mu mol s(-1) m(-2)). Observations showed that the survival rate was not affected by light intensity. Productivity and weight gain were higher under 7.8 +/- 2.5 mu mol s(-1) m(-2) light intensity than under 0 and 2.8 +/- 0.9 1 mu mol s(-1) m(-2) intensities (P<0.05). The larval development index was similar among the treatments under the different light intensities. However, from stage VII this index was increased slightly in the treatment under 7.8 +/- 2.5 mu mol s(-1) m(-2) light intensity. In conclusion, light intensity affects larval development of M. amazonicum. Values as high as 7.8 mu mol s(-1) m(-2) (about 390 lux) improve the larval performance by enhancing development, productivity and weight gain compared to lower values.

Sistema de recirculação e rotina de manejo para larvicultura de camarões de água doce Macrobrachium rosenbergii em pequena escala

A recirculating system and a matching management schedule for small-scale freshwater prawn larviculture were described. The system comprised a 140 L larval culture tank in line with a 43 L biofilter filled with 24 L of calcareous substrate. Both the tank and biofilter were made of black colored fiberglass in a conical-cylindrical shape. The turnover rate of the water through the system was 24 times a day; water was pumped by airlift. Results of ten larvicultures showed that the system maintained temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, ammonium and nitrite stable and suitable to Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae. Survival and productivity varied from 60.5 to 72.4% and 37 to 72 post-larvae/L, respectively; both were compatible with results of commercial hatcheries. Therefore, this system may be very useful for research purposes or adapted for small-scale post-larvae production.

Crescimento relativo do camarão canela Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) em viveiros

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Morphotypes in male Amazon River Prawns, Macrobrachium amazonicum

The occurrence of morphotypes in Macrobrachium amazonicum males was investigated. Prawns aged 4 to 24 months were taken from 10 aquaculture earthen ponds. Color and spination of right second cheliped were analyzed under a stereomicroscope. Post-orbital and carapace length were measured as well as the length of the cheliped and all limb joints on the right second pereiopods. Four distinct morphotypes were identified: Translucent Claw (TC), Cinnamon Claw (CC), Green Claw 1 (GC1) and Green Claw 2 (GC2). They differed in cheliped morphology and some morphometric relationships. Chelipeds were translucent in TC prawns while in CC they were generally cinnamon-color. Both showed a few spines and some low prominences similar to very small tubercles. GC1 and GC2 showed long moss green chelipeds provided with long and robust spines. However, in GC2, cheliped length was always greater than post-orbital length and the angles of spines on the carpus and propodus were more open, ranging from 51°to 92°, while, in GC1 it varies from 34°to 65°. Cheliped length, the cheliped length/post-orbital length ratio and the spine angle were significantly different among the four morphotypes. A description for the identification of each group is provided and the development of M. amazonicum males is discussed. Each morphotype may play a different role in the population and in the environment in which it lives. Therefore, the identification of morphotypes is advisable for future researches on the biology and culture of M. amazonicum. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Reproductive cycle and fecundity of Potimirim glabra (Kingsley, 1954) (Caridea, Atyidae) from a littoral stream

The reproductive cycle of Potimirim glabra, especially the female size at sexual maturity, reproductive period and fecundity, was studied at two sites of one of the northern littoral streams in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Prawns were collected monthly for one year. The minmum size at sexual maturity was estimated from the smallest ovigerous female (cephalothorax length = CL), and the reproductive period was determined monthly by examining the relative frequency of ovigerous females. Size comparisons between sampling sites was carried out using the Mann-Whitney u test. The relationship between environmental factors and reproductive aspects was verified using the Spearman's rank correlation. At Site 1, the collected ovigerous females had a CL mean size of 4.24±0.36 mm (n=481); at Site 2, ovigerous females (n=391) had a CL mean size of 5.48±0.49 mm. The reproductive pattern in Camburi is seasonal, with the highest frequency of ovigerous females in February. The frequency of ovigerous females was positively correlated to organic matter content in the substratum, rainfall and temperature. Increased percentage organic matter may indicate greater food availability whereas higher rainfall increases the velocity of the current, thereby aiding the larvae, which depend on brackish water to complete their development, to reach the estuarine region. The temperature acts on the speed of larval development. At Site 1, the mean fecundity obtained was 202±72.31 eggs (90 females; CL from 2.7 to 4.7mm PL), whereas at Site 2, it was 433.3±120.7 eggs (46 females; CL from 4.0 to 5.5mm PL). © 2010 Balaban.

Effects of artificial substrate and night-time aeration on the water quality in Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller 1862) pond culture

The effects of artificial substrate and night-time aeration on the culture of Macrobrachium amazonicum were evaluated in 12 ponds stocked with 45 prawns m-2. A completely randomized design in 2 × 2 factorial scheme with three replicates was used. The combination of factors resulted in four treatments: with substrate and aeration (SA), with substrate and without aeration (SWA), without substrate and with aeration (WSA) and without substrate and aeration (WSWA). The presence of substrate in SA and SWA treatments reduced suspended particles (seston) by ~17.3% and P-orthophosphate by ~50%. The use of aerator (WSA and SA treatments) significantly (P < 0.05) increased the concentration of dissolved oxygen, suspended particles and nutrients in the pond water. These results indicate that the effect of substrate on turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) values is opposite to the effect of the aerator. The aerators in semi-intensive grow-out M. amazonicum farming lower water quality because they increased the amount of detritus and nutrients in the pond water. On the other hand, the use of artificial substrate reduces turbidity values, chlorophyll a, TSS and P-orthophosphate concentrations. Therefore, the combination of substrate addition and night-time aeration is not interesting because they have opposite effects. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Intensificação do cultivo de Macrobrachium amazonicum: efeito das estratégias de estocagem e despesca na água dos viveiros, efluentes e sedimentação em viveiros de crescimento final

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Aspectos estruturais do hepatopâncreas, desenvolvimento ovocitário e caracterização hormonal de fêmeas de Macrobrachium amazonicum durante as fases de maturação gonadal

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Tecnologia pós-despesca dos camarões de água doce Macrobrachium rosenbergii e Macrobrachium amazonicum

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A test of large-scale reproductive migration in females of the amphidromous shrimp Macrobrachium acanthurus (Caridea : Palaemonidae) from south-eastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Análises isoenzimáticas, moleculares e ultraestruturais em camarões dulcícolas do gênero Macrobrachium

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

The history of the introduction of the giant river prawn, Macrobrachium cf. rosenbergii (Decapoda, Palaemonidae), in Brazil: new insights from molecular data

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)