Effects of environmental colour on growth of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), maintained individually or in groups

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Study on the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of a natural food colour (annatto) in mouse bone marrow cells

Most manufactured foods contain chemicals added as a deliberate part of the manufacturing process. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of annatto, a natural pigment extracted from the Bixa orellana L. and widely used as a colorant in foods. The micronucleus test was performed in bone marrow cells from Swiss male mice treated with one of the three concentrations of annatto (1330, 5330 and 10,670 ppm), incorporated into the diet. The animals were fed with the diets for 7 days and sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment. For the evaluation of the antimutagenic potential of annatto, at day 7, the animals received an intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg body weight). Under the concentrations tested annatto did not present mutagenic or antimutagenic activities on the mice bone marrow cells. However, an increased frequency of micronucleated cells was observed when the highest concentration (10,670 ppm) was administered simultaneously with cyclophosphamide. In conclusion, the data indicate that annatto colour, for the conditions used, is neither mutagenic nor an inhibitor of induced mutations, although it should be used carefully since high doses may increase the effect of a mutagen. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Efeito da temperatura na germina̧ão de sementes de Sebastiania commersoniana (Baillon) Smith & Downs separadas pela colora̧ão do tegumento

Sebastiania commersoniana (Euphorbiaceae) is a tree species of riparian forests in Brazil. Seeds of this species released from mature fruits have heteromorphy in coat colour: dark (dark-brown to black), striated (dark with light-grey stria) and clear (light-grey to whitish). In this work two experiments were carried out in order to study the effect of temperature on seed germination in interaction with coat colour. Germination final percentage and speed index were evaluated. In the first experiment seeds of the three colours were submitted to constant (30°C) and alternating (20-35°C) temperatures. For all the seed colours, best results were obtained at alternating temperature. Physiological quality of striated seeds was greater than those clear seeds and dark seeds were intermediate. In the second experiment striated and clear seeds were submitted to three amplitudes of alternating temperature: 5°C (20-25°C and 25-30°C), 10°C (20-30°C and 25-35°C) and 15°C (20-35°C). Both germination percentage and speed were higher in striated seeds and for the two seed colours, best results were obtained at 20-30°C and 20-35°C. These temperatures are recommended for the germination test.

Utilização de uma língua eletrônica para classificação de amostras de açúcar em uma usina

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação da dinâmica do processo de reparo alveolar utilizando fluorocromos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Quantificação dos mastócitos nas neoplasias mamárias malignas de cadelas: análise histopatotológica, histoquímica e imunoistoquímica

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

A multidomain approach to asteroid families' identification

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Morphological aspects of the testes of 18 species of terrestrial of Heteroptera from Northwestern Sao Paulo (Brazil)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effect of tank colour on larval performance of the Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação da reação tecidual de uma resina termoplástica em tecido subcutâneo de ratos

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - ICT

A cor do citrino: efeito de irradiação e tratamento térmico

Quartz crystals under natural or artificial irradiation can acquire dark shades and variations btween smoky, black and brown but when submitted at heat-treatment they can become greenish, yellowish or brownish, called citrine at gem shops. In this work a lot of samples was collected from different places in Brazil (Corinto - MG, Diamantina - MG, Sento Sé - BA and Santana do Araguaia – PA) and at first they were submitted at artificial irradiation resulting in dark colours. After that they were submitted at heat-treatment in differents temperatures and time of exposure to record when color change happened to light colours. It variated according to each origin, temperature, time of expousure and different aluminiun and other chemical elements content. Its was possible to define the ideal conditions to results better colours and related it with geology and chemical quartz composition.

Thermoregulatory responses of goats in hot environments

Notwithstanding the solar radiation is recognized as a detrimental factor to the thermal balance and responses of animals on the range in tropical conditions, studies on the amount of thermal radiation absorbed by goats therein associated with data on their production and heat exchange are still lacking. Metabolic heat production and the heat exchange of goats in the sun and in the shade were measured simultaneously, aiming to observe its thermal equilibrium. The results showed that black goats absorb twice as much as the white goats under intense solar radiation (higher than 800 W m(-2)). This observation leads to a higher surface temperature of black goats, but it must not be seen as a disadvantage, because they increase their sensible heat flow in the coat-air interface, especially the convection heat flow at high wind speeds. In the shade, no difference between the coat colours was observed and both presented a lower absorption of heat and a lower sensible heat flow gain. When solar radiation levels increases from 300 to 1000 W m(-2), we observed an increase of the heat losses through latent flow in both respiratory and cutaneous surface. Cutaneous evaporation was responsible for almost 90 % of the latent heat losses, independently of the coat colour. Goats decrease the metabolic heat production under solar radiation levels up to 800 W m(-2), and increase in levels higher than this, because there is an increase of the respiratory rate and of the respiratory flow, but the fractions of consumed oxygen and produced carbon dioxide are maintained stable. The respiratory rate of black goats was higher than the white ones, under 300 W m(-2) (55 and 45 resp min(-1)) and 1000 W m(-2) (120 and 95 resp min(-1), respectively). It was concluded that shade or any protection against solar radiation levels above 800 Wm(-2) is critical to guarantee goat's thermal equilibrium. Strategies concerning the grazing period in accordance with the time of the day alone are not appropriate, because the levels of radiation depend on the latitude of the location.

Design emocional e análise observacional: inter-relações entre produto e usuário

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)