Estudo morfológico e radiológico sobre a comunicação entre a articulação interfalangeana distal e a bolsa do osso navicular em eqüinos (Equus caballus, L., 1758)

Objetivou-se neste estudo verificar radiográfica e morfologicamente a existência de comunicação entre a bolsa do osso navicular (BN) e a articulação interfalangeana distal (AID), estabelecendo sua freqüência, sua forma e identificação das estruturas anatômicas envolvidas no processo. Para tanto, foram utilizados membros torácicos e pélvicos de 16 animais vivos, sendo 8 animais jovens e 8 animais adultos. Contraste iodado era injetado na BN dos membros direitos e na AID dos membros esquerdos. em seguida, realizavam-se radiografias em projeções látero-medial ou médio-lateral, dorsopalmar ou dorsoplantar, para a constatação de possível comunicação entre as estruturas em questão, que, posteriormente, seriam identificadas por meio da técnica de dissecação. Não foram observadas comunicações entre as estruturas em questão ou qualquer outra na porção distal dos membros, porém, em dois membros torácicos, constataram-se variações morfológicas nas extremidades laterais da BN, caracterizadas por projeções que se estendiam até o terço proximal da falange média, sendo mais pronunciada na face lateral que na medial.

Static balance and function in children with cerebral palsy submitted to neuromuscular block and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: Study protocol for prospective, randomized, controlled trial

Background: The use of botulinum toxin A (BT-A) for the treatment of lower limb spasticity is common in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Following the administration of BT-A, physical therapy plays a fundamental role in potentiating the functionality of the child. The balance deficit found in children with CP is mainly caused by muscle imbalance (spastic agonist and weak antagonist). Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a promising therapeutic modality for muscle strengthening in this population. The aim of the present study is to describe a protocol for a study aimed at analyzing the effects of NMES on dorsiflexors combined with physical therapy on static and functional balance in children with CP submitted to BT-A.Methods/Design: Protocol for a prospective, randomized, controlled trial with a blinded evaluator. Eligible participants will be children with cerebral palsy (Levels I, II and III of the Gross Motor Function Classification System) between five and 12 years of age, with independent gait with or without a gait-assistance device. All participants will receive BT-A in the lower limbs (triceps surae). The children will then be randomly allocated for either treatment with motor physical therapy combined with NMES on the tibialis anterior or motor physical therapy alone. The participants will be evaluated on three occasions: 1) one week prior to the administration of BT-A; 2) one week after the administration of BT-A; and 3) four months after the administration of BT-A (end of intervention). Spasticity will be assessed by the Modified Ashworth Scale and Modified Tardieu Scale. Static balance will be assessed using the Medicapteurs Fusyo pressure platform and functional balance will be assessed using the Berg Balance Scale.Discussion: The aim of this protocol study is to describe the methodology of a randomized, controlled, clinical trial comparing the effect of motor physical therapy combined with NMES on the tibialis anterior muscle or motor physical therapy alone on static and functional balance in children with CP submitted to BT-A in the lower limbs. This study describes the background, hypotheses, methodology of the procedures and measurement of the results.

Effect of posture-control insoles on function in children with cerebral palsy: Randomized controlled clinical trial

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Comportamento fractal de tracos de fraturas na borda sul do macico granitico de itu, estado de Sao Paulo

Fractal geometry is relevant to understand and explain many natural complex geometries. Using the fractal set concept (fig. 1) many authors have shown that shorelines, landscapes and fractures follow a fractal behaviour. These authors have developed many methods, including the Cantor's Dust Method (CDM) (VELDE et al., 1992), a linear method of analysis adapted for the determination of two-dimensional phenomena. The Itu Granitic Complex (IGC) is a wide granitic body that that crops out at northwest of Cabreuva City, Sao Paulo State (fig. 2) and was affected in its south border by dextral Itu-Jundiuvira Shear Zone (IJSZ) that produced fractures and alignment of feldspars crystals. The different types of fractures (compression, distension and shear) was discriminated from the relationship between them and medium stress ellipsoid of IJSZ (fig. 3). A modified version of CDM was used to study a possible fractal behaviour of the fracture traces in the south border of IGC. The main modification was the use only one direction of analysis (NE/SW). Four parallel profiles were traced with lengths between 9.75km and 12.75km, each one them was divided into six classes of segments (x) with 375m, 500m, 750m, 1.000m, 1.250m and 1.500m. The parameter (N) is provided by he rate between profile length and choiced segment. For each x the number of intervals is counted with at least one event (fracture intersection) which supplied the parameter(n). The n/N rate provide the parameter (p) that represents the relationship between frequency of events and x. And finally the parameters p and x were plotted in a logarithmic graphics (fig. 4) that provide a line with such a declivity (1) which is related to effective dimension (De). In theory, granitics bodies are isotropics and they would have a same fractal dimension in all segments, but the logarithmic graphics (fig. 4) show that fracture traces of IGC has a fractal behaviour in a restrict interval. This fact probably occurs from the passage of a ductil-brittle deformation condition to a more brittle deformation condition of IGC.

Experimental model of pulmonary carcinogenesis in Wistar rats

Purpose: To elaborate an experimental model of pulmonary carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Methods: Male Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar lineage was carried through an intra-pulmonary instillation of the Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) dilution in alcohol 70%, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon widely known by its power of tumoral induction. Three experimental groups had been formed with 08 animals each: Control Group (Alcohol 70%); B[a]P Group 10 mg/kg; e B[a]P Group 20mg/ kg, submitted to euthanasia 08, 10, 12 and 14 weeks after the experimental procedure. The pulmonary sections had been colored by hematoxilin-eosin (HE) and submitted to the morphometrical analysis to describe the tissue alterations. Results: The presence of diffuse inflammatory alterations was observed in all groups, however, at the analysis of the pulmonary tissue of the experimental groups, it had been observed hyperplasic alterations (BALT hyperplasia), and in one of the animals of the experimental group 20mg/kg (12 weeks), it was noticed the presence of cellular epithelial tracheal pleomorphism, suggesting the adenocarcinoma formation in situ. Conclusion: The main secondary alterations to the intra-pulmonary instillation of B[a]P in Wistar rats were: cellular proliferation, inflammatory alterations of several degrees and nodular lymphoid hyperplasias. The association of an activator agent of the pulmonary metabolic reply is necessary to establish the ideal reply-dose to the development of the lung cancer.

Primeiro registro de Harpia harpyja para o bioma Pantanal, com dados sobre atividade reprodutiva

The first reliable encounter of the Harpy Eagle Harpia harpyja in the Pantanal floodplains is reported, with information on its breeding activity in the region, as well as some prey. A nest was found in August 2009, located in Barão de Melgaço County, northern portion of the Pantanal, with a 60-90-day-old eaglet. After a windy storm on August 30, the nest fell, causing the death of the nestling. In March 2010 another nest was located about 2.6 km distant from the first. We emphasize the importance of this record, and the need for a monitoring program to evaluate the true status of the Harpy Eagle in the northern portion of the Pantanal and nearby areas.

Necrotizing soft tissue infection of the breast: Case report and literature review

Background: Necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is characterized by progressive infectious gangrene of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Its treatment involves intensive care, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, and full debridement. Methods: We present two cases of NSTI of the breast, adding these cases to the 14 described in the literature, reviewing the characteristics and evolution of all cases. Case Report: On the fourth day after mastectomy, a 59-year-old woman with ulcerated breast cancer developed Type I NSTI caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which had a favorable evolution after debridement and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The second patient was a 57-year-old woman submitted to a mastectomy and axillary dissection, who had recurrent seromas. On the 32nd post-operative day, after a seroma puncture, she developed Type II NSTI caused by β-hemolytic streptococci. She developed sepsis and died on the tenth day after debridement, intensive care, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The cases are the first description of breast NSTI after mammary seroma aspiration and the first report of this condition caused by P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Necrotizing soft tissue infection is rare in breast tissue. It frequently is of Type II, occurring mainly after procedures in patients with breast cancer. The surgeon's participation in controlling the focus of the infection is of fundamental importance, and just as important are broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy and support measures, such as maintenance of volume, correction of electrolytic disorders, and treatment of sepsis and septic shock. Once the infection has been brought under control, skin grafting or soft tissue flaps can be considered. The mortality rate in breast NSTI is 18.7%, all deaths being in patients with the fulminant Type II form. Surgical oncologists need to be alert to the possibility of this rare condition. © 2012, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

The acute effects of static stretching on peak force, peak rate of force development and muscle activity during single- and multiple-joint actions in older women

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Teores de iodo em dietas secas e úmidas para gatos adultos comercializadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Were analyzed 29 samples, 16 wet and 13 dry cat food of different flavors. The iodine levels ranged from 2.7 to 3.4 (average 2.95 mg/kg/MS) in dry food and 2.9 to 4.0 (average 3.4 mg/kg/MS) in the wet food. Eight samples (27.6%) specified on the package the assurance level (maximum) of iodine, with a dry (2.0 mg/kg/diet) and seven wet (0.04 mg/kg/diet). All non-compliant, because the values were higher than declared. Cats fed commercial diets consume proportionally more iodine in wet food than cats fed dry diets, but both with high levels of iodine. All samples analyzed were above the amounts stated on the labels. Accordingly, the wet and dry commercial food for cats show no reliable values with those reported, resulting in a possible excessive intake of this trace element for animals in question.

Cinemática de cães da raça pastor alemão hígidos em displasia coxofemoral

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Cordas do Panema: aspectos históricos-literários sobre o universo da poesia caipira em Assis / SP

Pós-graduação em Letras - FCLAS

Camilo Pessanha e o Tao Te Ching: um capítulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uma novela infernal

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Avaliação cinemática de cães hígidos da raça Poodle

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)