Objetos de aprendizagem para universitários sobre prevenção de acidentes de trânsito

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A parceria entre o professor e o fonoaudiólogo: um caminho possível para a atuação com a linguagem escrita

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Ações de prevenção de acidentes humanos em disciplinas e estágio de curso de fonoaudiologia: opiniões de discentes e docentes

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Gagueira desenvolvimental persistente: avaliação da fluência pré e pós-programa terapêutico

Objetivo: comparar a fluência de crianças com gagueira quanto à porcentagem de sílabas gaguejadas, porcentagem de descontinuidade da fala, fluxo de sílabas e palavras por minuto e gravidade da gagueira, em situação de pré e pós-aplicação do programa de intervenção fonoaudiológica. Método: participaram 10 crianças, na faixa etária de 6.0 a 11.11 anos, sendo 9 do gênero masculino e 1 do gênero feminino, provenientes do Laboratório de Estudos da Fluência. Todos os participantes deste estudo foram submetidos aos seguintes procedimentos agrupados em três etapas: (a) avaliação da fluência inicial; (b) desenvolvimento do processo terapêutico, e; (c) reavaliação da fluência. Resultado: em relação à avaliação após o programa terapêutico, observou-se uma melhora relevante no perfil da fluência, pois a maioria das medidas analisadas (descontinuidade de fala, disfluências gagas, fluxo de sílabas por minuto e gravidade da gagueira) apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significantes. Os achados indicaram que houve uma redução quantitativa nas rupturas o que ocasionou um aumento no fluxo de sílabas por minuto, e também uma diminuição na gravidade da gagueira. Estes resultados confirmam a eficácia terapêutica do programa de terapia aplicado. Conclusão: os resultados encontrados podem auxiliar o fonoaudiólogo em sua prática clínica, tanto na terapia como na realização do diagnóstico e do controle da eficácia terapêutica.

Pausas e constituintes prosódicos na interpretação de atores

Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC

Indícios de subjetividade na fala de uma criança psicótica: um olhar para as hesitações

This study, performed under a linguistic-discoursive prism, aimed to: (1) describe the moments in which occurred hesitations in the utterances of a psychotic child diagnosed with Language Disorder; and (2) determine the extent to which these moments (also) can indicate aspects of a subjectivity trying to emerge in this child. Data were extracted from a speech therapy session with a ten year old female child. Concerning the fi rst goal, from a total of 362 utterances produced by the child, only 74 (20%) had hesitation traces, while 288 (80%) did not. Concerning the second goal, the utterances with hesitation traces occurred in situations of: topic development, especially in the form of complementarity; introduction of new topic; return to the previous topic; refuses to the topic; enunciative incompleteness. The high percentage of utterances without hesitation traces (80%) is explained because they are highly predictable from the context, mostly in situations of ritualized adjacent pairs, oftentimes in situations of immediate specularity. The reduced percentage of utterances with hesitation traces are explained precisely by the fact that, unlike those without traces, in these ones, signs of a subjectivity that tries to emerge and show itself in the discourse production are detected. With the development of this study, we tried to emphasize the view at the hesitations as marks of subjectivity – in other words, evidences of confl icting relationships between the subject and the others that constitute the utter. The concern was also about bringing to the fi eld of Speech Pathology discoursive linguistic refl ections based on data extracted from symptomatic contexts of language.

Escola em tempo de inclusão: ensino comum, educação especial e ação do fonoaudiólogo

This article refl ects about the action of the school speech therapist presented in a panel discussion proposed by the Public Health Department entitled: “School time of inclusion: common teaching, special education and speech therapist’s action” during the 19th SBFa’s Congress at the WTC Sheraton in São Paulo. The refl ections triggered aimed to provide elements for the systematization of actions from different sectors guided by ethical principles, theory and practice that enable collaborative relationships between educators and speech therapists. The text mantained the order of presentations that have focused on: 1) the challenges of speech-language intervention in the processes of inclusion and exclusion of the school: from the promotion of oral and written language, to the approaches of the so-called language disorders; 2) the interface between Speech Therapy and Education; 3) the role of the speech therapist in the context of Inclusive and Special Education. The authors support the position that the work done at the interface Speech Therapy and Education has the potential to contribute to school’s inclusion processes that will be capable to subvert the discriminatory logic that imposes in daily school the binomium inclusion / exclusion. The theoretical and methodological approaches presented by the authors are supported in a humane and civic vision care, training and social participation.

A percepção da doença de Alzheimer pelos estudantes da F.F.C. Júlio de Mesquita Filho da UNESP, Marília

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) accounts for approximately 56% of all cases of dementia. The present study aimed to report the perception of AD by students of Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy and Occupational Therapy from Faculty of Philosophy and Science “Julio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP – Marília, with regard to the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, between 2011 and 2012. The questionnaire with open and closed questions was administered to 101 students, using as a criterion for exclusion those who refused to answer the survey and / or not signed the informed consent form. After the questionnaire application, the answers have undergone quantitative analysis, checking which information and concepts about Alzheimer’s disease these students acquired during the undergraduate years. The data shows that although students have knowledge about the signs and symptoms of the disease, few mention the importance of family, the caregiver and the relationship of the disease with dependence that commonly reaches this population.

Pausas na interpretação teatral: delimitação de constituintes prosódicos

We intend to observe the function of a linguistic resource – the pause – in theatrical interpretation. Connected to the field of speech therapy, we search for theoretical support in the Linguistics field, mainly in prosodic phonology – specifically, we highlight intonational phrase and phonological utterance, prosodic constituents –, proposing a dialogue between these fields, regarding the work with actors. In speech therapy literature, the work with actors focuses, centrally, in organic issues involved in the vocal process, such as “misuse” or “voice abuse”. To a smaller extent, we find, in this literature, researches that emphasize issues regarding interpretation and expressive resources, besides a few emphasizing the importance of linguistic resources in interpretation. Differently, in linguistics literature, the pause is approached, to a larger extent, from the phonetic perspective, related to several language levels. In this research, we analyzed audio recordings of four actors from a same theatrical group, acting the theatrical text Brutas flores, focused on these aims: (1) detect the place where pauses happen in the interpretation of a single text by four actors; (2) survey physical characteristics of length of these pauses; (3) check to what extent the length of a pause is related to the place where it happens, regarding the prosodic limits of intonational phrases (I) and phonological utterance (U). We could observe that, although the interpretation is characterized by the subjectivity of the actor, the interpretation is constructed based in the possibilities offered by the prosodic organization of the text itself, being more or less flexible.We were also able to confirm, by considering the length of VVs units containing pauses, the prosodic hierarchy proposed by Nespor & Vogel, once the length of these units in U's limits was significantly higher than the length in I's limits. Thus, our results reinforce the premise that a linguistic structure overlaps the subjectivity of the actor, i. e., the premise that the strength of linguistic structure organization acts on the possible individual operation/style.

Ingestão Oral e Grau de Comprometimento da Disfagia Orofaríngea Neurogênica Pré e Pós-Fonoterapia

Objective. To compare, pre- and post-swallowing therapy, the level of oral intake scale, and the degree of severity of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia. Method. 19 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia: 10 Post-Stroke adults, aged from 44 years to 76 years (group 1 – G1), and nine children with Cerebral Palsy, aged from two years and five months to 15 years (group 2 – G2). We excluded individuals in the process of spontaneous recovery. We held retrospective analysis of clinical protocols for clinical speech therapy evaluation with classification of the degree of dysphagia severity, applied before and after swallowing therapy. We used the Functional Oral Intake Scale - FOIS to assess the level of oral ingestion, pre and post-swallowing therapy. Results. The degree of commitment of dysphagia was favorable change only in adults, and in FOIS these changes occurred in both groups. Conclusion. There were favorable changes in the degree of impairment of oropharyngeal dysphagia and levels of FOIS, pre and post - speech therapy in stroke, but in ECINP markers used showed no favorable changes should even be reviewed for application in this population. Future studies are needed to investigate the variables in this sample.

Classificação do grau de comprometimento motor e do índice de massa corpórea em crianças com paralisia cerebral

Children with cerebral palsy due to movement and posture disorders might have an injured nutritional state. This study's objective was to classify the body mass index of children with cerebral palsy and verify its relation with the injury level of gross motor function. Twenty children, male and female sex, with cerebral palsy with ages between 2 and 14 years participated in the study. They were chosen from a rehabilitation center with physiotherapy, occupational and speech therapy accompaniment. Children were classified according to the gross motor function classification scale. The anthropometric measures of each child weight, heel-knee length, estimated stature and body mass index were gauged. The body mass index was classified according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's body mass index percentile calculator for children and teenagers. The obtained data didn't show any relation between the gross motor function and body mass index. The reduced number of participants and the fact of all children be accompanied in dysphagia clinics and, when necessary, nutrition clinics, might have influenced these results.

Sistemas suplementares e alternativos de comunicação nas habilidades expressivas de um aluno com paralisia cerebral

The objective of this research was to describe the use of an augmentative and alternative system for a student with cerebral palsy during intervention. A 10-year-old male student with cerebral palsy participated in this investigation. He attended special classes for people with disability in a public school in a city of the interior of Sao Paulo. The scheduled activities were carried out twice a week for two years at the Laboratory of Special Education of a public University of São Paulo. All of the tapes describing the activities that were filmed during the assessment and implementation of augmentative and alternative communication resource were watched and described using a specific protocol. Based on the information from the protocols, the sessions with intervals greater than 20 days and the ones with activities involving the communication board with the time equal or greater than 20 minutes during the first year of intervention were selected. The chosen sessions were transcribed in full and, after analyzing the text, the following categories were established, according to the stated goal: the graphic system helped the student with utterances of vertical structure (56%) associated with the oral (14%) and non-oral and non-verbal form (30%), while the use of the graphic system along with other forms collaborated to enhance statements, enabling better understanding of the child s intention. The use of augmentative and alternative communication systems provided the expansion of effective dialogical situations for the student during the activities carried out in speech therapy.

O uso da chupeta: elaboração de material pedagógico para orientação dos profissionais das escolas de educação infantil

What is the relationship of a pacifier as for nutrition, speech, dental and psychotherapy? What are its benefits and harm? Which strategies should be developed as a teaching material which can guide employees and teachers of early childhood education regarding the use of pacifier in schools? The survey is a qualitative and an exploratory one. By taking literature as a starting point. We found out that there are many doubts regarding the use of pacifier, even among health professionals. The booklet was prepared containing topics such as: social and historical aspects; psycho-physiological aspects of development, speech therapy and dental aspects; pros and cons of using a pacifier; teaching materials on the pedagogical use of pacifiers. Tips and information to the teacher

Habilidades sociais e comportamento do motorista entre universitárias usuárias e não usuárias de bebida alcoólica

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Application of an auditory steady-state response test to evaluate the attenuation of hearing protection devices

This research aims to present a new method to get real attenuation of hearing protection devices, with good reproducibility and a small standard deviation, without relying on skills and cooperation individual. Thus the authors performed tests in 10 individuals without protection and after with two kinds of ear protections (ear plug and ear muffs), to get the threshold limit value in each of the 3 stages. For this, the research used an electrophysical exam, normally used in speech therapy, named ASSR (auditory steady-state response). The principle of this exam is put on individual’s head 3 electrodes, to capture electrical signs directly in auditory nerve. In summary, the authors presented the final results. The method proposed by ANSI (American National Standards Institute) indicated an attenuation of 27.6 dB for ear plugs, while the value found in this work was 16 dB; and for ear muffs, the ANSI method indicated 29.8 dB while the value found here was 28.5 dB.