Caracterização da fauna de morcegos (Mammalia, Chiroptera) e ocorrência de vírus rábico na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Laser terapêutico no reparo ósseo de ratos submetidos à ausência de carga

Low-intensity laser has been used as a physical agent in various fields of medical sciences such as bone and tissue repair. Meanwhile little is known about its effects in adverse conditions such as abolition of load and osteopenic. With the assumption that the laser Ga-Al-As accelerates the process of bone consolidation, goal of this study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in incomplete transverse osteotomies of tibia in adult rats, treated with low power laser therapy in three different groups: G1 (n = 10), reference 15 days; G2 (n=10), suspended by the tail and, accordingly, treated with laser for 12 days; G3 (n = 10), suspended by the tail by 36 days and that after 21 days, there was laser treatment for 12 days. The right tibia treated with laser and left served as control. The laser was used to Ga-Al-As, DMC - Flash Lase® III, with wavelength 830nm, 100 mW, 4J, 140 J / cm ², 40s of application in 12 sessions. It was used densitometer-Lunar DPX®, with computer program for "small animals", and the analysis of BMD was made in the bone throughout the region and the osteotomy. The results showed no efficacy of laser therapy in the process of bone repair, both in animals of group 1, as in group 2 and 3. It follows that either the low-power laser was not an effective performance or the effects of laser therapy is not only manifested at the site of irradiation as well as the systemic level.

Hipotireoidismo em cães: revisão

Hypothyroidism is one of the most frequent endocrinopathies in dogs, affecting preferentially middle-aged, pure breed animals. Associated clinical signs are variable and often non-specific, including metabolic, dermatological or cardiovascular alterations. The main laboratorial findings are non-regenerative anemia and hypercholesterolemia. Hyponatremia and an increase in alanine transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities can also be observed with lower frequency. There are specific diagnostic tests that can be used to help diagnose hypothyroidism, and those should be interpreted in the light of the animal´s clinical symptoms. The levels of thyroxine stimulating hormone (TSH) and both free and total thyroxine (T4) are the most used hormonal tests. It is important to differentiate between hypothyroidism and the euthyroid sick syndrome, a condition that may be caused by severe diseases such as hyperadrenocorticism and lead to decreased TSH and T4 levels as well. Levothyroxine sodium is the standard treatment. The main objective of this paper is to review hypothyroidism in dogs, since this is a very common disease in small animal clinics, but with difficult diagnosis.

Hiperadrenocorticismo em cães: revisão

Hyperadrenocorticism is a relatively common endocrinopathy in dogs, which is associated to an excessive production or administration of cortisol. The most affected breeds are Poodles, Teckels, Boxers, Boston Terriers and Beagles. The clinical signs most commonly observed are polyuria, polydipsia, polyfagia, panting, distended abdomen, endocrine alopecia, muscular weakness and lethargy. Laboratorial abnormalities include stress leukogram, increase in alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities, hypercholesterolemia, lipemia, hyperglycemia and hyposthenuria. The preferred essay to evaluate adrenal gland function is the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test, whereas the most used treatments include mitotane and trilostane. The objective of this paper is to review hyperadrenocorticism in dogs, because this disease is relatively common in small animal clinics and has many long-term complications.