Efeitos do tratamento oral com sulfato de vanadila em ratos diabeticos jovens

This work intends to evaluate the effects of oral vanadyl treatment (VOSO 4, 1 mg/mL) in young streptozotocin-diabetic rats during 19 and 29 days. In several times of treatment the rats were monitored to determine body weight, food and water intakes, glycemia, and the urinary excretion of glucose and urea. The animals were killed in the 19(th) and 29(th) days, and the glycemia level was determined again, as well as the weight of pancreas, muscles (Soleus and Extensor digitorum longus - EDL) and adipose tissues (epididymal and retroperitoneal). The results showed that the treatment of young diabetic rats with VOSO 4 promotes the reduction of hyperglycemia (p < 0.01), food (p < 0.01) and water intakes (p < 0.05) and body weight (p < 0.05). Neither the tissues and pancreas weights nor the urinary urea level of the treatment group varied in comparison to the control group. In conclusion, the vanadyl treatment in the studied period is able to reduce the main metabolic alterations often found in diabetes. These data are very useful and important for the future experiments to verify the effects of vanadyl sulfate on muscle protein metabolism in diabetic rats.

Tratamento da leishmaniose cutanea difusa (LCD) com a associacao antimoniato-N-metilglucamina (Glucantime®) e sulfato de paramomicina (Gabbrox®)

Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) is a rare form of tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) and 350 cases have been reported world wide. Presently in Brazil, there were 31 cases reported corresponding to 8.9% of the world cases. The state of Maranhao contributed with ten cases (32.3%) of national reports. Recently the authors had opportunity to follow two new cases of DCL, both from the countryside of that state totaling 12 cases. The parasite Leishmania L. amazonensis was incriminated in the disease, confirming the available data as being the unique species to produce DCL in this state. The therapy associating meglumine anthimoniate with paramomicine sulphate (Gabbrox®) during 90 days, showed good tolerance and favorable response, being another option for fills form of DCL that constituted a challenge to science so far.

Alterações hematológicas e histopatológicas em pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (Osteichthyes, Characidae), tratado com sulfato de cobre (CuSo4)

This paper evaluated the haematological and glycaemic parameters in Piaractus mesopotamicus (Osteichthyes, Characidae) infected with Monogenea Anacanthorus penilabiatus Boeger, Husak & Martins, 1995 (Dactylogyridae) after treatment with 0.50 mg/L and 1.00 mg/L of copper sulphate (CuSO4). The efficacy of the CuSO4 was observed in the first day after administration but not after eight, fifteen or thirty days. The histopathological analyses showed hyperplasia of the epithelium and circulatory changes in the gills. In the first day after treatment significant changes (P<0.05) in the total count of erythrocyte, leucocyte, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were observed. The fishes treated with 0.50 mg/L showed decrease in the haemoglobin levels and in the percentage of neutrophils (P<0.05). The dose of 1.00 mg/L provoked increase of glycaemia but reduction in the lymphocytes percentage when compared with 0.50 mg/L in the 8th day. Fifteen days after 1.00 mg/L treatment, values of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and special granulocitic cells (S.G.C.) percentage decreased. Nevertheless, increase of total leucocyte number was observed. Thirty days after treatment with 0.50 mg/L showed increased S.G.C. and treatment with 1.00 mg/L showed increased lymphocyte.

Efeito da calagem e sulfato de amônio no algodão. I - Transporte de cátions e ânions no solo

Applying lime on the soil surface in soils managed under no-tillage has caused an excess of basic cations in the most superficial layers of the soil profile. On the other hand, subsoil acidity is considered a constraint to the development of deep plant roots. The objective of this study was to evaluate Ca 2+, Mg 2+, NO 3- and SO 4 2- leaching in the soil profile as affected by liming and top dressing nitrogen fertilization in cotton, grown with straw cover on the soil surface. Cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum) were grown for 60 days in PVC columns filled with a Distroferric Red Latosol (sand loam Rhodic Oxisol) with liming applied over the straw on the soil surface, incorporated liming 0-20 cm deep, or without liming. Nitrogen was applied at rates of 0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha -1 as ammonium sulfate. The PVC columns were set up in layers of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-30 cm, totaling 15.71 dm 3. The ammonium sulfate application caused intense leaching of SO 4 2- in the soil, irrespective of the lime application method. Liming increased the concentration of NO 3 in the 0-20 cm soil layer, whereas the correction of the soil acidity did not affect the NO 3- concentration in the 30-50 cm soil layer. The influence of ammonium sulfate on Ca 2+ leaching below 20 cm was only observed in the soil with incorporated lime. Nitrogen application resulted in extensive Mg 2+ leaching from the soil, regardless of the lime application method. In the soil layer below 30 cm, SO 4 2- presented a higher correlation than NO 3- in the formation of ionic pairs with Ca 2+ and Mg 2+.

Remoção de etanol e benzeno em reator anaeróbio horizontal de leito fixo na presença de sulfato

In this study it is reported the operation of a horizontalflow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAlB) reactor under sulfate-reducing condition which was also exposed to different amounts of ethanol and benzene. The HAIB reactor comprised of an immobilized biomass on polyurethane foam and ferrous and sodium sulfate solutions were used (91 and 550 mg.l -1, respectively), to promote a sulfate-reducing environment. Benzene was added at an initial concentration of 2.0 mg.l -1 followed by an increased to 9 e 10 mg. l -1, respectively. Ethanol was added at an initial concentration of 170 mg.l -1 followed by an increased range of 960 mg.l -1. The reactor was operated at 30 (± 2) °C with hydraulic detention time of 12 h. Organic matter removal efficiency of 90% with a maximum benzene degradation rate of 0.07 mv, benzene.mg -1 vss.d -1 Thus, this work corroborate the data obtained for Cattony et al (2005) and also demonstrate that compact units of HAIB reactors, under sulfate reducing conditions, are a potential alternative for in situ aromatic compounds bioremediation.

Toxicidade aguda do sulfato de cobre e do extrato aquoso de folhas secas de nim para o caramujo (Pomacea canaliculata)

Snails can become an environmental and economic problem, causing substantial losses. The objective of this work was to estimate the acute toxicity of copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5H2O) and the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves on snails (P. canaliculata) under laboratory conditions. In order to estimate the lethal concentration 50% (LC (I)50;96h), snails were exposed to six increasing copper sulfate concentrations (0.0; 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07 and 0.1 mg L-1) and six increasing concentrations of aqueous extract of dried neem leaves 0.0; 100; 125; 150; 175 and 200 mL aqueous extract of dried neem leaves L-1 water, equivalent to (0.0; 1.18; 1.47; 1.77; 2.06 and 2.36 mg azadirachtin L -1), in triplicate and one control treatment in an entirely random delineation. Estimated LC (I)50;96h, of copper sulfate was 0.02 mg copper sulfate L-1, with a 0.01 mg L-1 lower limit and a 0.03 mg L-1 upper limit. Estimated lethal concentration 50% of the aqueous extract of dried neem leaves was 142.75 mL L-1, equivalent to 1.68 mg L-1 of azadirachtine, with a 130.89 mL L-1 (1.54 mg L-1) low limit and 155.69 mL L-1 (1.83 mg L -1) as the upper limit.

Correlação entre a densidade mineral óssea e níveis séricos de cálcio, fósforo e fosfatase alcalina total em gatos após tirotoxicose experimental

Hyperthyroidism is and endocrinal dysfunction characterized by excessive serum concentrations of thyroid gland hormones, which can cause several effects on the bone tissue in humans and in animals. For a better characterization of thyrotoxicosis effects on bone metabolism, 16 cats were induced into hyperthyroid state. Results showed that, in some moments a major bone demineralization of the right distal radium estremity promoted an elevation of the serum levels of phosphorus and total alkaline phosphatase.

Influência do cancro basal em Eucalyptus grandis nas propriedades da madeira e polpação kraft

The objective of this research is to assess the influences of basal canker on wood properties for the kraft pulp production. The material consisted of seeded E. grandis trees classified into 4 levels of basal canker severity (0, 1, 2 and 3) and installed in three soil types classified by texture (AQ1 and AQ2 - 10 to 15% clay, and LEm2 - 26 to 35 clay). The sampling consisted of randomly selecting five trees for each for each canker severity level and soil type, totaling 60 trees (4 canker levels x 3 soil types x 5 trees). These trees were fallen and cut into sections at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the commercial height for the collection of disk and logs of wood. The results showed that the soil texture influences in the Eucalyptus canker severity and this fact should be considered when assessing the wood properties and their final destination. The texture of the soil and the severe levels of basal canker influence the wood properties, and therefore the kraft pulping.

Efeitos do tratamento com formalina e sulfato de cobre sobre os parâmetros hematológicos e parasitos monogenéticos em juvenis de Hemigrammus sp. (Osteichthyes: Characidae)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of formalin and copper sulphate to control monogeneans in juvenile Hemigrammus sp and its effect on leukocyte count. We used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. All treatments lasted for three days and consisted of: T1, control; T2 and T3 immersion bath for one hour in formalin, an of two concentrations of 0.25 ml formalin and the other 0.1 ml L-1; the T4 bath for 24 hours with 0,025 ml of formalin-L-1; and T5, bath 24 hours with copper sulphate (0.3 mg L-1). After the experimental period was observed that T2, 100% mortality. The T3 and T5 provided 100% efficiency, however, fish presented mortalities and intoxication of the 66 and 80% respectively. T4 showed an efficacy of 77.7% and decrease in parasitological indices: total number of parasites of11, 3 ± 9, mean infection intensity of 3.2 ± 2 and a prevalence of 47.1%. As the leukocytes was observed that at T3, T4 and T5 occurred differences in the proportion of lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils as compared to control. The CuSO4 and formalin reduce the parasite load, but presented to be toxic at higher concentrations.

Implantação de biomembrana de colágeno tratada em solução alcalina ou conservada em glicerina a 98% na parede abdominal de equinos

The objective of this research was obtain collagen biomembranes treated in alkaline solution for 72 hours (GE) from tendineous diaphragmatic center of equines and compare its biocompatibility with membranes preserved in a glycerin solution 98% (GG) and membranes do not treated (GC). The membranes were implanted in the internal fascia of recto abdominis muscle of equines and removed, with adjacent tissues, seven, 63 and 126 days postoperative for the preparation of histological slides. The histomorphometric study revealed more intense inflammatory process to GG and CC implants and faster healing for GE implants. It was concluded that the collagen biomembranes treated in alkaline solution is more biocompatible than biomembranes preserved in 98% glycerin.

Alterações clínicas e morfológicas das córneas de coelhos implantadas com anéis intraestromais de FERRARA® com e sem revestimento de condrointin sulfato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Retenção do cátion do sulfato de cobre nos compartimentos biótico e abiótico de mesocosmos com sistema de fluxo contínuo de água

Pós-graduação em Aquicultura - FCAV

Parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos séricos de jumentos (Equus asinus) da raça Pêga

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)