Stick-slip chaos in a non-ideal self-excited system

In engineering practical systems the excitation source is generally dependent on the system dynamic structure. In this paper we analyze a self-excited oscillating system due to dry friction which interacts with an energy source of limited power supply (non ideal problem). The mechanical system consists of an oscillating system sliding on a moving belt driven by a limited power supply. In the oscillating system considered here, dry friction acts as an excitation mechanism for stick-slip oscillations. The stick-slip chaotic oscillations are investigated because the knowledge of their dynamic characteristics is an important step in system design and control. Many engineering systems present stick-slip chaotic oscillations such as machine tools, oil well drillstrings, car brakes and others.

Oscilador eletromagnético caótico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Utilização de materiais piezelétricos (PZTS) para coleta e armazenamento de energia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Uso de absorvedores de vibrações eletromecânicos lineares e não-lineares em sistemas não-lineares e não-ideais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise da viabilidade técnica e econômica de implantação de uma microusina hidrelétrica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desenvolvimento de algoritmo para modelagem e simulação de sistemas por grafos de ligação

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Compression waves and kinetic energy losses in collisions between balls and rods of different lengths

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Numerical and experimental investigation of a vibration system with non-ideal vibration source

An excitation force that is not influenced by the system's states is said to be an ideal energy source. In real situations, a direct and feedback coupling between the excitation source and the system must always exist. This manifestation of the law of conversation of energy is known as Sommerfeld Effect. In the case of obtaining a mathematical model for such system, additional equations are usually necessary to describe the vibration sources and their coupling with the mechanical system. In this work, a cantilever beam and a non-ideal electric DC motor that is fixed to the beam free end is analyzed. The motor has an unbalanced mass that provides excitation to the system proportional to the current applied to the motor. During the motor's coast up operation, as the excitation frequency gets closer to the beam first natural frequency and if the drive power increases further, the DC motor speed remains constant until it suddenly jumps to a much higher value (simultaneously the vibration amplitude jumps to a much lower value) upon exceeding a critical input power. It was found that the Sommerfeld effect depends on some system parameters and the motor operational procedures. These parameters are explored to avoid the resonance capture in Sommerfeld effect. Numerical simulations and experimental tests are used to help insight this dynamic behavior.

Dispositivo de microdescargas em gases na pressão atmosférica

This work describes the development of an electro-mechanical micro-discharges device operating at ambient condition of pressure and temperature, capable to produce plasma jets for surface finishing. The discharges are produced through a needle shape electrode hollow cathode type by which flows the helium gas. The voltage applied on the electrode is provided for an AC/AC switching voltage converter of full-bridge topology. The converter is energized by a power line of 110/220 VAC, 60 Hz and gives a 1000 V peak-to-peak from 5 kHz to 40 kHz square waveform output. The output frequency is defined by a control signal provided by an external signal generator. The equipment setup includes output acquisition of voltage and current and a photo-detector for photo-electrical measurements, which allows an optical characterization of the plasma jet

Remoção mecânica de plantas aquáticas: análise econômica e operacional

A remoção de plantas aquáticas tem sido utilizada como opção ao controle químico e biológico, em razão de restrições ambientais em algumas regiões brasileiras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um modelo para análise econômica e operacional da remoção mecânica de plantas aquáticas, visando realizar estudo econômico comparativo com o controle químico. A operação foi estudada num reservatório de uma usina de bombeamento em Barra do Piraí-RJ. O sistema consiste de retroescavadeiras instaladas em balsas, usadas para cortar as plantas e liberá-las no fluxo de água. Antes da tomada d'água existe uma barreira flutuante que intercepta as plantas, as quais são removidas por um guindaste fixo nas margens. As plantas são armazenadas por algum tempo e depois descartadas. Existe, ainda, um sistema de limpeza das grades da tomada d'água. Dados do volume total de plantas descartadas foram coletados durante 14 meses, assim como foi avaliado o volume de biomassa produzido por área das principais espécies infestantes. A empreiteira que administra o serviço forneceu planilhas de custos e outro parâmetros operacionais. Um modelo foi desenvolvido para calcular custos por hectare de plantas removidas. Os resultados mostraram custo médio mensal de US$ 17.780,28 por hectare. Apesar do alto custo, o sistema de remoção demonstrou capacidade de controlar apenas 4,1% da área infestada no reservatório, na época da coleta dos dados. Simulando dados de uma aplicação de glyphosate, o controle químico custaria apenas 0,23% do custo da remoção. Análises de sensibilidade mostraram que a compactação das plantas para transporte, o volume de plantas produzidas por área e o custo do transporte são os parâmetros principais para a otimização.

Two-branes with variable tension model and the effective Newtonian constant

It is shown that, in the two brane time variation model framework, if the hidden brane tension varies according to the phenomenological Eotvos law, the visible brane tension behavior is such that its time derivative is negative in the past and positive after a specific time of cosmological evolution. This behavior is interpreted in terms of a useful mechanical system analog and its relation with the variation of the Newtonian (effective) gravitational constant is explored.

A comment on a nonideal centrifugal vibrator machine behavior with soft and hard springs

This paper concerns a type of rotating machine (centrifugal vibrator), which is supported on a nonlinear spring. This is a nonideal kind of mechanical system. The goal of the present work is to show the striking differences between the cases where we take into account soft and hard spring types. For soft spring, we prove the existence of homoclinic chaos. By using the Melnikov's Method, we show the existence of an interval with the following property: if a certain parameter belongs to this interval, then we have chaotic behavior; otherwise, this does not happen. Furthermore, if we use an appropriate damping coefficient, the chaotic behavior can be avoided. For hard spring, we prove the existence of Hopf's Bifurcation, by using reduction to Center Manifolds and the Bezout Theorem (a classical result about algebraic plane curves).

Impact dampers for controlling chaos in systems with limited power supply

We investigate numerically the dynamical behavior of a non-ideal mechanical system consisting of a vibrating cart containing a particle which can oscillate back and forth colliding with walls carved in the cart. This system represents an impact damper for controlling high-amplitude vibrations and chaotic motion. The motion of the cart is induced by an in-board non-ideal motor driving an unbalanced rotor. We study the phase space of the cart and the bouncing particle, in particular the intertwined smooth and fractal basin boundary structure. The control of the chaotic motion of the cart due to the particle impacts is also investigated. Our numerical results suggests that impact dampers of small masses are effective to suppress chaos, but they also increase the final-state sensitivity of the system in its phase space. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

On Lugre Friction Model to Mitigate Nonideal Vibrations

In this paper, a nonideal mechanical system with the LuGre friction damping model is considered. The mechanical model of the system is an oscillator not necessarily linear connected with an unbalanced motor of excitation with limited power supply. The control of motion and the attenuation of the Sommerfeld effect of the considered nonideal system are analyzed in this paper The mathematical model of the system is represented by coupled non-linear differential equations. The identification of some interesting nonlinear phenomenon in the transient and steady state motion of the system during the passage through resonance (using applied voltages at dc motor as control parameter) is investigated in detail using numerical simulation. [DOI: 10.1115/1.3124783]

On energy transfer between vibrating systems under linear and nonlinear interactions

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