Variáveis objetivas e subjetivas para monitoramento de diferentes ciclos de temporada em jogadores de basquete

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influence of acute pancreatitis on the in vitro responsiveness of rat mesenteric and pulmonary arteries

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by local tissue injury and systemic inflammatory response leading to massive nitric oxide (NO) production and haemodynamic disturbances. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the vascular reactivity of pulmonary and mesenteric artery rings from rats submitted to experimental pancreatitis.Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: saline (SAL); tauracholate (TAU) and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). Pancreatitis was induced by administration of TAU or PLA(2) from Naja mocambique mocambique into the common bile duct of rats, and after 4 h of duct injection the animals were sacrificed. Concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and phenylephrine (PHE) in isolated mesenteric and pulmonary arteries were obtained. Potency (pEC(50)) and maximal responses (E(MAX)) were determined. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis.Results: In mesenteric rings, the potency for ACh was significantly decreased from animals treated with TAU (about 4.2-fold) or PLA(2) (about 6.9-fold) compared to saline group without changes in the maximal responses. Neither pEC(50) nor E(MAX) values for Ach were altered in pulmonary rings in any group. Similarly, the pEC(50) and the E(MAX) values for SNP were not changed in both preparations in any group. The potency for PHE was significantly decreased in rat mesenteric and pulmonary rings from TAU group compared to SAL group (about 2.2- and 2.69-fold, for mesenteric and pulmonary rings, respectively). No changes were seen in the E(MAX) for PHE. The nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)(-)) levels were markedly increased in animals submitted to acute pancreatitis as compared to SAL group, approximately 76 and 68% in TAU and PLA(2) protocol, respectively.Conclusion: Acute pancreatitis provoked deleterious effects in endothelium-dependent relaxing response for ACh in mesenteric rings that were strongly associated with high plasma NO(x)(-) levels as consequence of intense inflammatory responses. Furthermore, the subsensitivity of contractile response to PHE in both mesenteric and pulmonary rings might be due to the complications of this pathological condition in the early stage of pancreatitis.

Shear bond strength of a ceramic to Co-Cr alloys

Statement of problem. Different combinations of Co-Cr alloys bonded to ceramic have been used in dentistry; however, the bond strength of ceramic to metal can vary because of different compositions of these alloys.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of a dental ceramic to 5 commercially available Co-Cr alloys.Material and methods. Five Co-Cr alloys (IPS d.SIGN 20, IPS d.SIGN 30, Remanium 2000, Heranium P, and Wirobond C) were tested and compared to a control group of an Au-Pd alloy (Olympia). Specimen disks, 5 mm high and 4 mm in diameter, were fabricated with the lost-wax technique. Sixty specimens were prepared using opaque and dentin ceramics (VITA Omega 900), veneered, 4 mm high and 4 mm in diameter, over the metal specimens (n = 10). The shear bond strength test was performed in a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. After shear bond testing, fracture surfaces were evaluated in a stereomicroscope under x25 magnification. Ultimate shear bond strength (MPa) data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (alpha = .05).Results. The mean (SID) bond strengths (MPa) were: 61.4 (7.8) for Olympia; 94.0 (18.9) for IPS 20; 96.8 (10.2) for I PS 30; 75.1 (12.4) for Remanium; 71.2 (14.3) for Heranium P; and 63.2 (10.9) for Wirobond C. Mean bond strengths for IPS 20 and IPS 30 were not significantly different, but were significantly (P<.001) higher than mean bond strengths for the other 4 alloys, which were not significantly different from each other.Conclusions. Bond strength of a dental ceramic to a Co-Cr alloy is dependent on the alloy composition.

Alelopatia de extratos aquosos de canela-sassafrás (Ocotea odorifera (Vell.) Rohwer)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Start-up adjustment of a plug-flow digester for cassava wastewater (manipueira) treatment

Um dos resíduos gerados no processamento da mandioca (Manihot esculenta) é a manipueira, passível de tratamento por biodigestão anaeróbia. Este trabalho objetivou estudar o processo de partida de um biodigestor tipo plug-flow, tratando manipueira de duas maneiras: diminuindo-se gradativamente o tempo de retenção hidráulica (TRH) até se chegar ao tempo pré-estabelecido, quatro dias; ou mantendo-se o TRH fixo em quatro dias e aumentando-se gradativamente a concentração do afluente. O biodigestor, com capacidade 1980 mL, foi mantido a temperatura de 32ºC ± 1. Empregou-se como substrato manipueira e ajustou-se o pH entre 5,5 e 6,0. A primeira etapa foi caracterizada empregando-se TRH de 16,6; 13,6; 11,6 e 9,6 dias e 3,1; 2,0; 2,3 e 2,9 g DQO L-1 d-1 de carga orgânica, respectivamente. Na segunda etapa manteve-se TRH fixo, 4 dias, porém cargas orgânicas de 0,48, 0,86, 1,65 e 2,46 g DQO L-1 d-1. Determinaram-se no afluente e efluente, sólidos totais (ST) e sólidos voláteis (SV), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO), alcalinidade e acidez volátil. Na primeira etapa, melhores resultados foram observados trabalhando com TRH 9,6 dias e carga orgânica 2,9 g DQO L-1 d-1, quando houve redução de DQO, ST e SV de 60%, 44% e 60%, respectivamente. Na segunda etapa o TRH de 4 dias apresentou melhores resultados empregando-se carga orgânica de 0,86 g DQO L-1 d-1, houve redução de 71%, 58% e 79% de DQO, ST e SV, respectivamente. A partida do biodigestor plug-flow tratando manipueira, pode ser realizada tanto diminuindo-se o TRH, quanto mantendo-o fixo e aumentado-se a concentração do afluente.

Monitoração de anticorpos neutralizantes para o vírus da rinotraqueíte infecciosa bovina em bezerros

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Neonatal meningitis according to the microbiological diagnosis: a decade of experience in a tertiary center

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of and mortality due to meningitis and compare data according to microbiological diagnosis. This was a ten-year retrospective study conducted at a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Newborns with meningitis confirmed by positive CSF culture were included; those with congenital infection or malformations that made lumbar puncture impossible were excluded. The variables investigated were birth weight, gestational and postnatal age, procedures, hematological and CSF parameters, and complications. Parametric and non-parametric tests were used (statistical value p<0.05). The incidence of meningitis was 0.6% and mortality was 27%. of the 22 cases, 59% involved Gram-negative bacteria; 36% Gram-positive and 5% fungi. The groups did not differ in relation to birth weight, gestational and postnatal age, procedures or hematological and CSF parameters. Sepsis, convulsions and deaths were frequent in both groups, without statistical difference. Gram-negative cases showed abscesses and higher frequency of ventriculitis and hydrocephaly. Meningitis was infrequent, but presented high mortality and frequent complications.

Densidades de plantas de Urochloa decumbens em convivência com Corymbia citriodora

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of plant densities of Urochloa decumbens on the early growth of Corymbia citriodora. The experimental design was completely randomized design with four replications, each plot consisted of a of 60 L capacity vase. The signal grass densities were 0, 20, 40, 80 and 160 plants m(-2), along with one eucalyptus plant. At the end of eight months of living together increase in height and in diameter and plant dry mass of eucalyptus and signal grass were carried out. The eucalyptus characteristics were influenced by all the weed populations, the effect being more pronounced with the increasing of grass density.

Synthesis and crystal phase evaluation of hydroxylapatite using the rietveld-maximum entropy method

Bioceramic systems based on hydroxylapatite (HAP) are an important class of bioactive materials that may promote bone regeneration. The aim of this research was to evaluate how the stoichiometry of HAP influences its microstructural properties when diagnosed using the combined Rietveld method and Maximum entropy method (MEM). The Rietveld Method (RM) is recognizably a powerful tool used to obtain structural and microstructural information of polycrystalline samples analyzed by x-ray diffraction. Latterly have combined the RM with the maximum entropy method (MEM), with the goal of improve structural refinement results. The MEM provides high resolution maps of electron density and their analysis leave the accurate localization of atoms inside of unit cell. Like that, cycles Rietveld-MEM allow an excellent structural refinement In this work, a hydroxylapatite sample obtained by emulsion method had its structure refined using one cycle Rietveld-MEM with x-ray diffraction data. The indices obtained in initial refinement was Rwp = 7.50%, Re = 6.56%, S - 1.14% e RB = 1.03%. After MEM refinement and electron densities maps analysis to correction of atomics positions, the news indicators of Rietveld refinement quality was Rwp = 7.35%, Re = 6.56%, S = 1.12% and RB = 0.75%. The excellent result obtained to RB shows the efficiency of MEM as auxiliary in the refinement of structure of hydroxylapatite by RM.

Conceptual model for adaptable and extensible visual data exploration

Interactive visual representations complement traditional statistical and machine learning techniques for data analysis, allowing users to play a more active role in a knowledge discovery process and making the whole process more understandable. Though visual representations are applicable to several stages of the knowledge discovery process, a common use of visualization is in the initial stages to explore and organize a sometimes unknown and complex data set. In this context, the integrated and coordinated - that is, user actions should be capable of affecting multiple visualizations when desired - use of multiple graphical representations allows data to be observed from several perspectives and offers richer information than isolated representations. In this paper we propose an underlying model for an extensible and adaptable environment that allows independently developed visualization components to be gradually integrated into a user configured knowledge discovery application. Because a major requirement when using multiple visual techniques is the ability to link amongst them, so that user actions executed on a representation propagate to others if desired, the model also allows runtime configuration of coordinated user actions over different visual representations. We illustrate how this environment is being used to assist data exploration and organization in a climate classification problem.

Ritmitos de itu: Petrografia e considerações paleodeposicionais

Rhythmite samples from Varvite Quarry and Park of Itu (SP), and well cores from Rafard (SP), were analyzed by optical microscopy to describe the petrographic characteristics of their light-colored (siltstone) and dark-colored (shale) laminae. The light-colored ones are essentially siltstones, commonly with traces of sands; the mineralogical composition is mainly quartz, with traces of feldspar and scarce mica; quartz or calcite cementation occurs in variable intensity, the first one being more intense in the Itu rhythmites; parallel laminations, internally normal graded or massive are the most common sedimentary structures in these rocks; bioturbations and dropstones are commonly observed in Itu rhythmites; contacts between siltstone laminae, and siltstone beds and shale laminae are commonly non-erosive and sharp. Considering this study and the macroscopic description of these rhythmites it was possible to clarify many questions about their composition, as the grain-size of the light-colored beds composed by silt with subordinate dropped sand, and the inappropriate use of the term varvite to the most of the Itu rhythmites. It was also important to reinforce their proglacial lacustrine origin, with random freezing of lacustrine surface water, and only sporadic ice-contact.

Liouville's theorem and power series for quaternionic functions

In recent years quaternionic functions have been an intense and prosperous object of research, and important results were determined [1]-[6]. Some of these results are similar to well known cases in one complex variable, op. cit. [5], [6]. In this paper the hypercomplex expansion of a function in a power series as well as determination of a Liouville's type theorem have been investigated to the quaternionic functions. In this case, it is observed that the Liouville's type theorem is true for second order derivatives, which differs from its classical version. © 2011 Academic Publications, Ltd.

Color stability of resins and nylon as denture base material in beverages

Purpose: Staining of prosthodontic materials may result in patient dissatisfaction and additional expense for replacement. This study aimed to determine the color stability of two heat-cured denture base acrylic (Lucitone 550, Vipi Cril) and one nylon denture base resin (Transflex) after immersion in beverages. Materials and Methods: Forty disks of each resin (20.0-mm diameter, 3.0-mm thick) were prepared and stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37°C. During that time (T 0), the color of all specimens was spectrophotometrically measured. Each specimen was immersed in coffee, cola, red wine, and distilled water as a means of control. After 15-day (T 1) and 30-day (T 2) periods of immersion, the color of the specimens was measured again. The CIE (Commission Internationale de L' Eclairage) L*a*b* system was used to determine mean ΔE (color changes) values for each material and compared statistically with two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni intervals at 0.95. Results: In ΔET 0T 1 and ΔET 0T 2 the most severe staining was apparent with red wine (p < 0.001), followed by coffee (p < 0.01), when compared to the specimens stored in distilled water. Transflex also showed significant color change after immersion in cola (p < 0.01). In ΔET 1T 2 only red wine promoted significant staining of all resins (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Chromatic changes were exhibited by specimens immersed in red wine, followed by coffee. For Transflex, cola also promoted color changes. The values of color changes converted to National Bureau of Standard units showed them to be perceivable to the human eye. © 2011 by the American College of Prosthodontists.

A model to store coordination mappings

Exploratory tasks supported by visualization are usually improved by Coordinated and Multiple Views (CMV) of the data under study. Several coordination techniques have been proposed in the literature, resulting in a diversity of tools to generate mappings among the multiple views. These mappings can be highly dynamic, and their history reveals the settings employed in the multiple exploratory tasks conducted in a discovery process. Several solutions have been proposed to help users to recover the steps performed in exploratory tasks, but little support is found for registering the multiple coordination mappings employed. This paper provides a contribution in this direction, proposing a model for storing and recovering such mappings. We believe such a facility is an important feature of CMV systems, so that users can recover and rerun the coordinations performed when exploring their data. We present details of the proposed model and show some potential applications. © 2012 IEEE.