Mapeamento de sensibilidade ao derrame de óleo dos ambientes costeiros dos municípios de São Vicente, Santos e Guarujá - SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Biologia populacional de Uca leptodactylus e Uca uruguayensis (Brachyura: Ocypodidae) em uma área estuarina no litoral sul paulista

Não disponível

Caracterização morfológica e fenotípica de leveduras do gênero Cryptococcus com ênfase na pesquisa de Cryptococcus neoormans isoladas de amostras de água de mar e areia de três ambientes costeiros do estado de São Paulo: Canal de São Sebastião, Baixada Santista e Ubatuba

The yeast Cryptococcus neoformans is the etiologic agent of cryptococcosis, an infectious cosmopolitan disease that affects humans. Although rare, this disease is potentially fatal, especially for immunocompromised hosts. This pathogen is frequently isolated from excrements of pigeons and parrots, with many environmental sources such as birds, pigeon droppings, eucalyptus leaves, decaying trees, towers, churches and places of storage of grain (the port area). The isolation of this microorganism has been obtained also from the aquatic environment. The identification of environmental sources is needed to protect human health, especially susceptible populations such as immunocompromised. Therefore, this study investigated the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans in yeast isolates obtained from samples of sea water and sand from three regions of São Paulo: São Sebastião Channel, Santos and Ubatuba. Isolates were analyzed according to micro-and macroscopic characteristics and biochemical tests: microculture, urease, ink nankin, auxanograma, zymogram and phenol. We analyzed 199 isolates, 175 of which had features suggestive for Cryptococcus spp. in microculture. All these 175 isolates were sown in the Christensen urea middle to verify the production of urease and submitted to the technique nankin ink to visualize the capsule. Of these, only 24 were selected for the next test that was the auxanograma (assimilation of carbohydrate and nitrogen). Of the 24, 10 were tested in zymograms (fermented sugar), from which 5 were selected for the phenoloxidase test in medium containing dopamine. None of the 5 isolates tested had black or brown color characteristic of Cryptococcus neoformans. According to these tests, we arrived at 5 isolates identified to the genus Cryptococcus, but not the neoformans specie

Ocorrência de Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda, Angiostrongylidae) em Achatina fulica (Mollusca, Gastropoda) na Baixada Santista

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Determinação de metais pesados no caranguejo comestível Ucides cordatus (Crustacea: Decapoda)

Não disponível

Evaluation of solid residues removed from a mangrove swamp in the Sao Vicente Estuary, SP, Brazil

Mangrove swamps are found in estuaries along the coastal plains of tropical regions and have be subjected to heavy occupation and use pressure due to their privileged locations and abundance of biological resources. The present work evaluated the ecological characteristics and solid wastes accumulated in eight areas along the Santos - Sao Vicente Estuary Complex. The superficially deposited residues at each sampling site were collected and subsequently washed, drained, counted, weighed and separated into classes according to their composition and predominant use. The predominant litter type in terms of density was plastic (62.81%) and, by weight, wood (55.53%). The greatest deposition of residues was associated with areas that were less inclined and that had low plant density levels, indicating that the presence of obstacles was not critical for retaining floating residues in mangrove areas. The presence of the most frequently encountered types of solid waste residues could be explained by local activities. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Zoneamento geoambiental do município de Bertioga/SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Diversidade de microrganismos indicadores utilizados na avaliação da contaminação fecal de areias de praias recreacionais marinhas: Estado atual do conhecimento e perspectivas

Although the quality of sea recreational waters is already monitored by programs implanted in some Brazilian states, including the State São Paulo, little attention has been given to beach sands, which have been disregarded from the point of view of public health. However, this panorama is changing in recent years due to an increasing number of cases of mycoses and bacterial infections affecting people who frequent beaches and use sands as recreation places. This has caused greater concerns with the contamination of this environment, also measurable by the increase of the number of scientific works on sediments and recreational beach sands microbiota. Currently one knows that in general these sediments contain more microorganisms than the water and are therefore potential sources of contamination of human beings by pathogenic microorganisms. The results of works carried through in some countries are worrying, and have demonstrated the necessity of establishing standards and limits so that monitoring programs of the microbiological quality of beach sands are implanted. Such concern is especially high in Brazil, a country of a tropical climate where thousands of beaches, used for recreation, extend for almost eight thousand kilometers of the coast. In the context of Baixada Santista, studies carried through have shown that in certain situations beach sands can contain more microorganisms than waters and may be a risk to the health of users.

Dinâmica da paisagem do município de Cubatão: Crescimento entre portos, indústrias e a Serra do Mar

With more than 60% of its territory under environmental protection, the city of Cubatão shelters the Industrial Pole and is located midway of two great metropolitan regions of State of São Paulo: Grande São Paulo and Baixada Santista. Both the implantation of industries and the construction of highways stimulated a process of migration and irregular occupation of the territory, with significant loss of the original vegetal covering of Atlantic Forest, in addition to pollution of water resources and the soil. The present work analyzed the dynamics of the landscape of a stretch of the city of Cubatão, associated to the Highway System Anchietas-Imigrantes, on the basis of economic cycles and regional public policies, aiming at helping the urban and environmental planning of coastal cities. We used a temporal series of air photographs of five decades and bibliographical surveys on the description of the region occupation. A non planned urban expansion for the city was evidenced, closely related with regional economic cycles and road building, directed to areas adjacent to highways and railroads, marshland and flooded plains landfills and mounts hillsides, including areas near Serra do Mar State Park. One suggests that the questions of environmental and urban planning of coastal cities are dealt with in the regional domain and in a participative way on the basis of studies of economic expansion and tourist activities in Baixada Santista, guaranteeing the maintenance of the remainders of Atlantic Forest in São Paulo coast.

Mapeamento de áreas de risco à saúde pública por meio de métodos geoestatísticos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Colonização natural por espécies nativas e exóticas das encostas degradadas da Serra do Mar

Os deslizamentos são eventos inerentes à dinâmica da Serra do Mar, nos trechos mais declivosos. Contudo, devido a alguns fatores de intervenção, como a poluição atmosférica, ocupação da base dos morros e outros, a incidência desses eventos tem aumentado. Diante disso, este estudo objetivou avaliar a dinâmica de colonização de áreas de encosta degradadas, como forma de subsidiar ações de recuperação. Para tanto, foram adotadas duas áreas experimentais, localizadas em trechos da serra do Mar próximos à Baixada Santista, onde foram lançadas parcelas de 1 m² e obtidos dados fitossociológicos. em seguida, as áreas foram limpas e os mesmos parâmetros da avaliação inicial, registrados, mensalmente, ao longo de um ano. Foram encontradas 20 espécies, pertencentes a 14 famílias botânicas, em sua maioria espécies exóticas ou nativas não regionais.

Implementação de um sistema de informação voltado à sensibilidade ambiental ao óleo do litoral sul paulista e avaliação das ações de resposta a derramamentos de óleo

Oil spills cause serious damage to the cost life and environments. Those impacts affect ecologic and socio-economic resources (like fishing and tourism). Within this background, response actions have two main objectives: the contaminant removal, with the less additional impacts, and enhance environment restoration in order to make this process complete in the shortest time possible. The present work proposes to contribute for the emergency environmental management in cases of oil spills by systematization of relevant information for oil spill environmental sensitivity maps. The next stage was to insert all these data on a geographic database, which allows data access by web. Beside that, this work aimed to recommend suitable clean-up techniques for the ecosystems located on the study area, composed by the municipalities: Praia Grande, Mongaguá, Itanhaém and Peruíbe, belonging to Baixada Santista and Iguape, Cananéia and Ilha Comprida, south cost of São Paulo state. This area is situated between two important Brazilian ports: Santos and Paranaguá, and that make it under considerable accident risks. The results were all data inserted on the geodatabase and available to user recover the information by web consulting. With that, this work wishes to contribute to individual emergencial planning of the region.

Meat yield of the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Ucididae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Aeromonas spp. Em água de pisciculturas da região da baixada ocidental Maranhense

Among the widely distributed bacterial agents in the aquatic ecosystem, can be outstanding the family Aeromonadaceae detected such in fish as in the water of this system. This study intended to verify the occurrence of Aeromonas spp. in pond water of fishfarms located in Occidental Lowland Region of Maranhao. Twelve properties located in Pinheiro, Palmeirandia and Perimirim cities had been selected. The harvest of the samples occurred in the period from October, 2008 to March, 2009. A total of 48 pond water samples were harvested. Four water samples of each fishfarm. Aeromonas were confirmed in 100% of the samples. The 89 isolate identified had been classified in three species, A. hydrophila (88%), A. caviae (9%), A. veronii sobria (3%). The pond waters of the fishfarms analyzed presented contamination with potentially pathogenic species of aeromonas which represents risk for people's health, especially for the organisms cultivated in these properties.

Caracterização da piscicultura na microrregião da baixada cuiabana, Mato Grosso, Brasil

The objective of this study was to characterize the fish farms located in the lowland micro region in Cuiaba, MT, through interviews with 26 selected farmers which represent the universe of fish farms that are active. Qualitative data were subjected to statistical Chi-square test to diagnose the existence of correlation between them with 95% confidence. These results support the conclusion that the species that compose the group of round fish are present in 100% of fish farms, accounting 88.2% of production. The difference is that production exclusively in nurseries and the largest area of shallow water, with production in higher scale than elsewhere in the country, with prospects of growth in area and productivity. Some actions should be implemented: legislation objectively and with sufficient qualified personnel to inspect the enterprises, applied research in food management and feed production with better price and quality, technical and administrative management, use of juveniles with proven genetics and monitoring of water quality. Fish farming is the main source of income funding for 67.5% of farmers interviewed. The size of the fish farms did not affect the variables related to implementation, conduct and management of the activity. The demand and price of feed are the variables that most directs the decision making of farmers. The main marketing channel used by medium and large farmers is exclusively, the slaughterhouses. The main part of fish is sold processed.