199 resultados para Lexical semantics


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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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O trabalho procura conceituar homonímia e poüssemia, do ponto de vista sincrônico, reunindo as orientações de Mattoso Câmara Jr. e B. Pottier. E quer mostrar a confluência de ambos os fatos para a ambigüidade da frase, como riqueza de expressão em diversos textos, de cunho literário e popular.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a estratégia de inferência lexical de palavras-chave em textos técnicos de língua inglesa. Os sujeitos da pesquisa são alunos de um curso técnico de Eletrônica, falsos principiantes na língua estrangeira. A análise dos dados é quantitativa e qualitativa. A pesquisa observa o papel do conhecimento prévio dos sujeitos sobre assuntos específicos e as pistas contextuais oferecidas pelo autor de textos técnicos, na inferência lexical. As categorias de familiarização lexical estudadas são: explicação, definição, exemplificação, ilustração, estipulação e sinonímia. Os resultados demonstram uma certa preponderância das estratégias de uso do conhecimento prévio sobre as de uso de pistas contextuais, embora a pesquisa tenha constatado que a interação das duas estratégias seja importante para que a inferência lexical seja produzida com maior sucesso.

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Estudo do campo lexical da palavra faca e de outros lexemas que se referem às armas brancas em Grande sertão: veredas de Guimarães Rosa, tendo-se em vista os significados dos vocábulos no universo de sentidos do romance. A orientação teórica centra-se, sobretudo, nas propostas de H. Geckeler e ainda nas de J. Lyons.

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There is in the literature a divergent description between lexical knowledge and word production accuracy. The aims of this study were: (a) to investigate the influence (effect) of the word lexical knowledge over production accuracy; (b) in case there is, to characterize acoustically this interference. Eight children (5-6 years old) with typical development language participated of this study. The methodological procedure consisted of: (a) survey of the children lexical knowledge concerning to IAFAC’s words; (b) recordings of the IAFAC’s words; (c) identifi cation and characterization of the linguistic cues, by acoustic analysis, in the IAFAC’s word production in function of the different knowledge degrees. Our results suggest a negative correlation (r=-0,13, p=0,000) between lexical knowledge and presence of the linguistics cues in word’s production. However, the linguistics cues refer to hesitative cues instead of phonological errors. Implications of these results for clinical practicing are discussed.

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Princeton WordNet (WN.Pr) lexical database has motivated efficient compilations of bulky relational lexicons since its inception in the 1980's. The EuroWordNet project, the first multilingual initiative built upon WN.Pr, opened up ways of building individual wordnets, and interrelating them by means of the so-called Inter-Lingual-Index, an unstructured list of the WN.Pr synsets. Other important initiative, relying on a slightly different method of building multilingual wordnets, is the MultiWordNet project, where the key strategy is building language specific wordnets keeping as much as possible of the semantic relations available in the WN.Pr. This paper, in particular, stresses that the additional advantage of using WN.Pr lexical database as a resource for building wordnets for other languages is to explore possibilities of implementing an automatic procedure to map the WN.Pr conceptual relations as hyponymy, co-hyponymy, troponymy, meronymy, cause, and entailment onto the lexical database of the wordnet under construction, a viable possibility, for those are language-independent relations that hold between lexicalized concepts, not between lexical units. Accordingly, combining methods from both initiatives, this paper presents the ongoing implementation of the WN.Br lexical database and the aforementioned automation procedure illustrated with a sample of the automatic encoding of the hyponymy and co-hyponymy relations.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This paper describes the prepositions sob and sobre in the Functional Discourse Grammar framework (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) aiming at checking their lexical or grammatical status on the basis of classification criteria postulated by Keizer (2007). The following aspects point to their lexical status : (i) they consist of an Ascription Subact; (ii) they contain a specific content on the vertical axis signaling inferiority and superiority position in relation to a limit; (iii) they are not required by any predicate, but they are predicates by themselves, which require complementation by an argument playing Reference semantic function; (iv) they may be combined with de, em, para and por; which are genuine grammatical prepositions; and, finally, (v) they are not subjected to any phonological process of reduction and fusion.

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The lexicon is the cultural heritage of a people. It is composed by the linguistic and extra-linguistic experience gained over the years and consists of different systems, among them the lexical set of colors that has collaborated on lexical expansion in common discourse as well as in specialized discourse, providing the interaction and equilibrium among the different levels of specialization of discourse. This work aims at talking about the role of the field of colors in formation of new lexical units in Botany and Zoology, as well as its performance in the intersection between the common and specialized discourse.

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Ce travail a le but de quantifier les formes les plus courantes d’adjetifs en portuguais brésilien, il s’agit d’un travail qui porte sur les usages synchroniques de la langue. Notre objetif c’est d’indentifier les formations lexicales propres aux adjetifs et de quantifier les usages de ces fomations pour en découvrir les tendances synchroniques de ces usages en portuguais brésilien. Le corpus est de base écrite, composé des lettres des lecteurs de magazine, ce qui permet plus de stabilité pour l’analyse. Vu qu’il s’agit d’un suport d’expression populaire le corpus nous a possibilité de faire un approche au langage plus informelle dont la façon d’expression permet la formation de vocabulaires les plus insolites et les plus récentes, tandis que l’écrite formelle résiste plus aux changements. La recheche des formes nous a donné des résultats quantitatifs des formes déjà connues, les plus nouvelles aussi et des usages des mots appartenants à d’autres classes gramaticales qui avaient une valeur d’adjetive dans quelques contextes spécifiques, en expressions typiques de langage informel. Ce travail, donc, contribue comme um petit portrait de la réalité lexicale brésilienne dans l’usage dynamique de la langue

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A presente monografia consiste em um estudo metalexicográfico realizado sobre dois dicionários bilíngues de línguas indígenas brasileiras, analisados através do filtro temático da cosmologia, isto é, com enfoque nos lexemas que exprimem os conhecimentos indígenas acerca do céu, dos fenômenos naturais e dos elementos sociológicos associados. O levantamento dos dados lexicais serviu como base para a elaboração de um banco de dados de valioso emprego para futuros estudos, tanto no campo da lexicografia como no da cosmologia e etnografia

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)