Aspectos psicossociais e condições bucais em dependentes químicos internados para desintoxicação

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Achados clínicos de afecções orais em bugios ruivos (Alouatta guariba clamitans) (Cabrera, 1940)

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Doença periodontal em cães

Periodontal disease affects the periodontum which are tissues that support and protect the tooth and are composed by the gingiva, alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament. Lesions in the periodontum have as main etiologic agent the presence of plaque or biofilm, which is formed in 24 hours and, basically, it consists of microorganisms surrounded by some bacteria rich matrix products and salivary glycoproteins. Gingivitis is the first clinical manifestation of periodontal disease and it is reversible if the etiologic agent (plaque) is removed. However, if it is not treated or controlled, it will lead to an irreversible periodontitis, and even evolve into alveolar bone, tissue destruction and, eventually, tooth loss

Desenvolvimento, caracterização e ação anti-biofilme oralde sistemas nanoestruturados bioadesivos contendo o peptídeo KSL-W

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Oral changes in individuals undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

INTRODUCTION: Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation receive high doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which cause severe immunosuppression. OBJECTIVE: To report an oral disease management protocol before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: A prospective study was carried out with 65 patients aged > 18 years, with hematological diseases, who were allocated into two groups: A (allogeneic transplant, 34 patients); B (autologous transplant, 31 patients). A total of three dental status assessments were performed: in the pre-transplantation period (moment 1), one week after stem cell infusion (moment 2), and 100 days after transplantation (moment 3). In each moment, oral changes were assigned scores and classified as mild, moderate, and severe risks. RESULTS: The most frequent pathological conditions were gingivitis, pericoronitis in the third molar region, and ulcers at the third moment assessments. However, at moments 2 and 3, the most common disease was mucositis associated with toxicity from the drugs used in the immunosuppression. CONCLUSION: Mucositis accounted for the increased score and potential risk of clinical complications. Gingivitis, ulcers, and pericoronitis were other changes identified as potential risk factors for clinical complications.

Contribuição ao estudo das relações dos conectores maiores de próteses parciais removíveis com tecidos gengivais

The effect in the gingival tissue of four distinctive types of relationships between the major conector and the gingival margin was investigated in eight subjects in association with the experimental gingivitis model. The subjects wore appliances constructed in acrylic resin (retained by means of embrasure hooks) throughout the day an night, except during meals. After the appliances had been placed, the subjects were abstained from any oral hygiene for twenty-one days. Records of the Plaque Index, Gingival Index and probing deplh were taken at baseline and at each week. Data showed that there was a small increase in the Plaque Index and Gingival Index for the four areas and that the degree of inflammation of the covered areas was higher in the area without relief

Condições de saúde bucal de crianças e adolescentes portadores de síndrome de Down

Patients with Down syndrome have shown different conditions of oral health, and there is a low occurrence of dental caries and a higher susceptibility to periodontal diseases. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases in subjects with Down syndrome. The population was composed of 40 patients with the syndrome, aged 6 to 18 years, of both genders, and an equal number of non-syndromic patients. The periodontal conditions were evaluated by mean of the criteria of PSR and dental conditions were registered following indexes dmft and DMFT. It was found that in children with Down syndrome, the dmft index was 1.17 and DMFT 3.53 while the control group was verified dmft 1.97 and DMFT 2.77. The results of PSR evidenced that 32.5% of children with Down syndrome were periodontally healthy, 65% were gingivitis patients and 2.5% were periodontitis patients, while in the control group, 50% healthy and 50% were gingivitis patients. The results evidenced similar populations of cariogenic cocci between patients with Down syndrome and non-syndromic subjects. It was concluded that the incidence of caries in children with Down syndrome was higher in permanent teeth compared with the control group, while in the occurrence of deciduous teeth caries was slightly higher in the control group, so when children with Down syndrome are subjected to periodic examinations, they present themselves periodontally healthy.

Diabetes mellitus: avaliação do conhecimento de cirurgiões-dentistas em municípios de três estados brasileiros

Introduction: Pathological changes in the bucal cavity associated with Diabetes mellitus (DM) may include gingivitis, periodontal disease, salivary gland dysfunction and xerostomia (dry mouth), susceptibility to bucal infections, burning mouth syndrome, and altered taste. Objective: This study assessed the technical and scientific knowledge of dentists working in primary care in the National Health System (SUS) on the DM. Material and method: The study was conducted in the municipalities of Birigui-SP, Maringá-PR and TrêsLagoas-MS, with the participation of 76 dentists working in the SUS primary care system.These professionals agreed to answer to a questionnaire developed for this study and the results of the questions were submitted to a quantitative analysis. Result: Showed that 94.7% were in contact with diabetic patients; 97.4% know what is DM; about other types of DM, 77.6% said they know, the most mentioned (by 55.9%) was the gestational DM. The DM2 was indicated as the most prevalent by 59.2%; the normal range of fasting blood glucose level was quoted correctly by 2.6% of the participants; obesity was reported by 98.7% of participants as a risk factor for DM; 96.0% stated correctly what are the main signs and symptoms related to Diabetes; periodontal disease was reported by 92.1% as an bucal manifestation in diabetic patients. Conclusion: The dentist needs to develop specific knowledge about DM, being able to identify normal levels of blood glucose and ready to identify and meet the bearer of DM.

A relevância do periodontista na prevenção da doença periodontal em pacientes ortodônticos: relato de caso clínico

The increase of the retentive areas of bacterial plaque can be observed in patients who use dental braces in the mouth. The difficulty of making hygienic is one of the problems that this particular group of patients faces day by day, and consequently, the establishment of gingival inflammation becomes more frequent. The objective of this case report is to show the importance of the periodontist in preventing and promoting health to the users of dental braces, aimed at education and motivation as one of the priorities of this treatment. The ESA patient, 29 years old, male, attended the dental office of a periodontist, sent by the orthodontist, due to the extensive area of gingival hyperplasia and gingivitis, in both arches. The possibility of taking out the dental braces was considered by the orthodontist, but after the periodontist evaluation, this step was procrastinated. Thus, the periodontist started the adequacy of the oral environment together with the work of education and promotion of health, which lasted until the complete recovery of the healthy gingival condition of the patient. In this way, it is possible to observe the relevance of the work of the periodontist in the application of preventive methods in oral health for orthodontic patients. The motivation of these patients in relation to the orientations of buccal hygienic, maintenance of oral health and diet should not be considered as secondary and should be prioritized, because only in this way it would be possible to reach a good occlusion, without esthetic and functional prejudice.

Doença periodontal, diabete mellitus e hipertensão em gestantes usuárias do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)

Purpose: To evaluate the association among periodontal disease, diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in pregnant women users of the Brazilian Health System (SUS). Methods: The sample consisted of 86 women, with pregnant age between the 4th and 7 th month, submitted to pre-natal attendance in Health Basic Unities (HBUs). Periodontal condition was evaluated by 2 calibrated researchers (Kappa = 0.91) through the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). A sphygmomanometer was used to check the arterial pressure, what was accomplished by the professionals from the HBUs; glycemia test was accomplished through a blood sample collected from the middle finger with a disposable lancet adapted to a lance device (Accu-Chek Softclix Pro; Roche, USA), and for checking the glycemia level, a glycemia monitor was used (Accu-Chek Advantage II, Roche, USA). Data were written on a numbered register form, avoiding patient identification. After, the same data were statistically analyzed through the Fisher Exact Test, in order to evaluate the existence of association between the variables blood glucose and periodontal disease. In this test, a significance level of 0,05 was adopted. Results – Most of the pregnant woman presented periodontal health (58,1%); 41,9% of the research subjects showed at least one sign of periodontal disease, with 31,4% presenting gingivitis and 10,5% periodontitis. Hyperglycemia was detected in 51,2% and it was not found a value of arterial pressure higher than what is considered to be normal. Conclusion: it was not verified a significant association among the presence of periodontal disease, glycemia alteration and arterial hypertension in pregnant women who comprised this research.

Halitose bucal: importância da saburra lingual e periodontite na sua etiologia

In general the human breath doesn't have smell or it is so only lightly perceptible to the surrounding ones, varying of pleasant the unpleasant, being taken in consideration the sensibility of the person. Halitosis or bad breath doesn't truly represent a disease, being present in a considerable portion of the population. Ethiologically exist several involved factors, could make an appointment breathing, gastric intestinal, organic and psychic disturbances and mainly oral factors, being the microbial colonization of the tongue the most common, beside the pathological situations involving periodontitis, as necrotizing ulcerative gengivitis. For representing a true obstacle biopsicossocial, the halitosis it influences directally in the family life, work, the patients' atmosphere social, being its diagnosis specific, demanding in certain occasions treatment multidisciplinar. In that sense, the present study if report to a literary revision of the theme, approaching the main aspects of the development of the halitosis, as well as its biological origin and its clinical implications.

Condições bucais de crianças e adolescentes portadores de síndrome de down

Os pacientes com síndrome de Down têm mostrado diferentes condições de saúde bucal, destacando-se uma baixa ocorrência de cárie e maior suscetibilidade às doenças periodontais. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a prevalência de cárie, patologias periodontais e níveis de cocos cariogênicos em portadores de Síndrome de Down. A população foi constituída de 40 pacientes portadores da síndrome, com idade de 6 a 18 anos, de ambos os gêneros, e igual número de pacientes do grupo controle, os quais foram submetidos ao exame clínico periodontal segundo os critérios do PSR e para determinação do índice de cárie empregando-se os índices ceo-d e CPOD, e avaliação dos níveis de cocos cariogênicos através do real-time PCR. Verificou-se que nas crianças com síndrome de Down o índice médio ceo-d foi 1,17 e o CPO-D 3,53 enquanto que no grupo controle foi observado ceo-d 1,97 e o CPO-D 2,77. Verificou-se que 32,5% das crianças com síndrome de Down eram saudáveis, 65% com gengivite e 2,5% com periodontite e, no grupo controle, 50% foram saudáveis e 50% mostraram gengivite. Os resultados evidenciaram que a população de cocos cariogênicos foi similar entre pacientes portadores ou não de síndrome de Down. Concluiu-se que a ocorrência de cárie em crianças com síndrome de Down foi maior nos dentes permanentes comparadas com o grupo controle, enquanto que na dentição decídua a ocorrência de cárie foi maior no grupo controle, enquanto que as condições periodontais foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos.

Halitose bucal: importância da saburra lingual e periodontite na sua etiologia

In general the human breath doesn't have smell or it is so only lightly perceptible to the surrounding ones, varying of pleasant the unpleasant, being taken in consideration the sensibility of the person. Halitosis or bad breath doesn't truly represent a disease, being present in a considerable portion of the population. Ethiologically exist several involved factors, could make an appointment breathing, gastric intestinal, organic and psychic disturbances and mainly oral factors, being the microbial colonization of the tongue the most common, beside the pathological situations involving periodontitis, as necrotizing ulcerative gengivitis. For representing a true obstacle biopsicossocial, the halitosis it influences directally in the family life, work, the patients' atmosphere social, being its diagnosis specific, demanding in certain occasions treatment multidisciplinar. In that sense, the present study if report to a literary revision of the theme, approaching the main aspects of the development of the halitosis, as well as its biological origin and its clinical implications.

Condições de saúde de pacientes do gênero feminino com dependência química

This study evaluated the general and oral health conditions of female patients included in a program for recovering drug addiction and patients who did not use drugs. By means of anamnesis and medical history, as well as medical and dental assessments, the health conditions of 160 patients were assessed; 80 presented drug dependence and 80 do not use drugs. The most frequently used drugs were tobacco, alcohol, and crack, usually in associations. The patients presenting chemical dependence had increased frequency of behavioral changes, as well as several diseases involving the immune and cardiovascular systems, detaching infectious and inflammatory reactions and delay in the process of tissue repair. In the oral cavity, it was verified a high occurrence of periodontitis and gingivitis. Chemical dependence showed to be associated to a high frequency of infections, arthritis, hypertension and behavioral changes, which normally would not be noted by health professionals, but that could compromise the results of medical and dental treatments.

Enterococcus spp. em espécimes clínicos de pacientes atendidos em unidades de terapia intensiva

The relationship between the occurrence of enterococci in the oral microbiota and serious infections in patients hospitalized in intensive care units (ICU) has been established. This study evaluated the presence of Enterococcus faecalis and other species of this genus in the mouths of patients on ICU, correlating it with oral and systemic conditions. Data on health and socioeconomic, medication use, medical and family history of patients maintained for 72 hours in the ICU, diagnosed with severe infection or who have developed this condition after the entry to the unit were obtained. Fifty patients provided intraoral and extraoral clinical samples for analysis (above and subgingival biofilm, saliva and buccal mucosa, followed by obtaining samples of respiratory secretions for patients with pneumonia, and blood and urine for sepsis). The presence of target microorganisms was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture using selective media. The chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical analysis, and the significance level was 5%. The intraoral clinical conditions of the patients showed poor. E. faecalis was significantly more frequent microorganism, followed by E. faecium. The use of broadspectrum antimicrobial action was associated with the presence of these opportunistic microorganisms. These bacteria were more frequent in patients with periodontitis or gingivitis. The results showed that enterococci associated with serious infectious processes may originate from resident microbiota of patients and its prevalence is not elevated in healthy individuals.