Liming and quality of guava fruit cultivated in Brazil

An experiment was conducted on guava trees Psidium guajava L. (cv. Paluma) grown in the Experimental Citrus Culture Station of Bebedouro, SP, on dystrophic, acid Typical Hapludox in order to assess the effects of application of increasing lime doses to the soil on the quality of guava fruits on the basis of the physicochemical changes observed in the fruits after harvesting. The treatments consisted of increasing lime doses applied before planting, considering 0, 1.85, 3.79, 5.56 and 7.41 t ha(-1), applied in August 1999. Leaf calcium content was assessed at flowering time. After fruit harvesting, calcium content in the pulp, total weight, transverse diameter, length, pulp weight, % pulp, Brix degrees (degrees Brix), titratable acidity, and fruit ratio were determined. Loss of fruit fresh mass, firmness and color were determined daily during a period of 8 days of storage. Lime application to an acid Red Latosol before guava tree planting did not affect the physical characteristics of the fruits but provided a lower loss of fresh matter and greater fruit firmness when the fruits presented Ca levels close to 0.99 g kg(-1). It is important to conduct new studies of the effects of liming on guava fruit quality under different edaphic-climatic conditions and on different guava tree genotypes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Crescimento, produção e qualidade de frutos da bananeira 'Figo cinza', em Botucatu-SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Crescimento e produção de genótipos de bananeiras em clima subtropical

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características de crescimento e o potencial produtivo de genótipos de bananeira em Botucatu/SP. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento, tais como altura de planta, circunferência do pseudocaule, número de folhas e número de dias entre o florescimento e a colheita. Estas medidas foram realizadas na emissão da inflorescência. Foram mensuradas também as características de produção, como peso do cacho, número de frutos, peso médio dos frutos, produtividade, número de pencas; peso, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos da 2a penca. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualisado, com 11 tratamentos (genótipos), cinco repetições e duas plantas úteis por parcela experimental. Os genótipos que apresentaram melhor desempenho agronômico, dentro de cada grupo genômico, foram 'Grand Naine'(AAA), 'Thap Maeo' (AAB) e 'Fhia 01' (AAAB).

Correlaçôes fenotípicas entre características de produção e crescimento em genótipos de bananeira

The correlations between the characters seen in experimental trials are generated by genetic and environmental factors and are estimated for the purpose of measuring the change in a character when the selection is practised in another. The objective was to correlate bunch weight with characteristics of growth and production of 4 genomic groups of banana: 'Nanicao-IAC-2001', 'Grand Naine', 'Caipira' and 'Nam' ( AAA); 'Ma a', 'Thap Maeo', 'Prata Ana' and 'Prata Zulu' (AAB), 'Fhia 01', 'Fhia 18', 'Prata Grauda' and 'Maca Tropical' (AAAB) and 'Figo Cinza' (ABB), Botucatu, Brazil. Some growth characteristics were evaluated such as: plant heights, the pseudostem circumference, number of leaves, number of days between planting and flowering, number of days between flowering and harvest and number of days from planting to harvest. These characteristics were measured at the flowering time. The production characteristics such as the bunch weigth, number of fruits, average weigth of the fruits, productivity, number of hands and weight, number, length and diameter of the fruits of the 2(nd) hand. The correlations between the characteristics studied varied for each genotype, but they all showed significant correlation between the bunch weight and the characteristics fruit weigth and productivity. The correlations involving all genotypes were predominantly positive and significant.

Desempenho agronômico de bananeiras micropropagadas em Botucatu-SP

O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico de cultivares de bananeira 'Prata-anã', 'Maçã' e 'Nanicão', no município de Botucatu-SP. As mudas provenientes de micropropagação foram aclimatadas em estufa durante noventa dias e, posteriormente, plantadas no campo, conforme as recomendações técnicas para a cultura. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento, como número de dias do plantio à colheita, número de folhas ativas, altura de plantas e diâmetro do pseudocaule, medidas na época de emissão da inflorescência. Também foram mensuradas características de produção, entre as quais o número de frutos, diâmetro, comprimento e peso da segunda penca, peso total das pencas e número de frutos por cacho, na época da colheita. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que o ciclo cultural médio variou com as cultivares, sendo de 416 dias, contados do plantio à colheita para a cv 'Nanicão', que foi a mais precoce, seguido da 'Prata-anã' (434 dias) e da 'Maçã' (437 dias). As três cultivares apresentaram produtividade estimada no primeiro ciclo (planta-mãe) de 30,56 t.ha-1; 19,50 t.ha-1 e 14,37 t.ha-1, respectivamente, para 'Nanicão', 'Prata-anã' e 'Maçã'. Houve correlação positiva entre algumas características de crescimento e produção.

Influência do fator de crescimento semelhante à insulina I (IGF-I) adicionado ao meio fluido sintético de tuba uterina (SOF) sobre a maturação in vitro de oócitos caninos (Canis familiaris)

The follicular growth and oocyte maturation knowledge are very important to the development and improvement of new biotechnologies such as in vitro fertilization and somatic cell nuclear transfer. In order to the necessity of clarify the basic mechanisms related to canine oocyte maturation, this investigation focuses on the evaluation of the effect of insulin-like growth factor-i (IGF-I), added to synthetic oviductal fluid medium (SOF) on the in vitro maturation of domestic dog oocytes. Thirty-seven bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy for castration or due to pathological conditions of the uterus were selected as oocytes' donors (n=875). The oocytes were allocated in the following groups: MO (stained in the collection's time), Control (72h in SOF) and Experimental (72h in SOF plus 100 ng IGF-I). After 72 hours of maturation the oocytes' nuclear status were assessed by Hoechst 33342 dye. The best results in terms of oocyte harvest were observed in those juvenile donors,, females in estrus, nuliparous and pure breeds. No significant differences were observed between treatments control (SOF) or experimental (IGF-I).

Preparation of new glass systems by the polymeric precursor method for dental applications

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) are largely employed in Dentistry for several applications, such as luting cements for the attachment of crowns, bridges, and orthodontic brackets as well as restorative materials. The development of new glass systems is very important in Dentistry to improve of the mechanical properties and chemical stability. The aim of this study is the preparation of two glass systems containing niobium in their compositions for use as GICs. Glass systems based on the composition SiO2,Al2O3-Nb2O5-CaO were prepared by chemical route at 700degreesC. The XRD and DTA results confirmed that the prepared materials are glasses. The structures of the obtained glasses were compared to commercial material using FTIR, Al-27 and Si-29 MAS-NMR. The analysis of FTIR and MAS-NMR spectra indicated that the systems developed and commercial material are formed by SiO4 and AlO4 linked tetrahedra. These structures are essential to get the set time control and to have cements. These results encourage further applications of the experimental glasses in the formation of GICs. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Novos resultados sobre a estabilidade e controle de sistemas nao-lineares utilizando modelos fuzzy e LMI

Relaxed conditions for the stability study of nonlinear, continuous and discrete-time systems given by fuzzy models are presented. A theoretical analysis shows that the proposed method provides better or at least the same results of the methods presented in the literature. Digital simulations exemplify this fact. These results are also used for the fuzzy regulators design. The nonlinear systems are represented by the fuzzy models proposed by Takagi and Sugeno. The stability analysis and the design of controllers are described by LMIs (Linear Matrix Inequalities), that can be solved efficiently by convex programming techniques. The specification of the decay rate, constraints on control input and output are also described by LMIs. Finally, the proposed design method is applied in the control of an inverted pendulum.

Stochastic Stability for Markovian Jump Linear Systems Subject to a Crucial Failure Event

This paper is concerned with the stability of discrete-time linear systems subject to random jumps in the parameters, described by an underlying finite-state Markov chain. In the model studied, a stopping time τ Δ is associated with the occurrence of a crucial failure after which the system is brought to a halt for maintenance. The usual stochastic stability concepts and associated results are not indicated, since they are tailored to pure infinite horizon problems. Using the concept named stochastic τ-stability, equivalent conditions to ensure the stochastic stability of the system until the occurrence of τ Δ is obtained. In addition, an intermediary and mixed case for which τ represents the minimum between the occurrence of a fix number N of failures and the occurrence of a crucial failure τ Δ is also considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions to ensure the stochastic τ-stability are provided in this setting that are auxiliary to the main result.

Produção do arroz em função da adubação com silício e nitrogênio no sistema de sequeiro e irrigado por aspersão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Modelo estocástico de programação matemática de alocação de medidores de tensão em alimentadores radiais de distribuição de energia elétrica para localização de faltas e monitoramento do perfil de tensão

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Modos deslizantes discretos em sistemas incertos com atraso na computação do sinal de controle

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência da borda e do isolamento na fenologia e no sucesso reprodutivo de Anadenanthera Falcata (Benth.) Speg. (Fabaceae) em uma região de cerrado Stricto Sensu, Itirapina, São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização morfológica e atributos de qualidade dos frutos de acessos de bananeira em clima subtropical

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação de genótipos de bananeira (Musa sp.) em Botucatu -SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)