Gene expression analysis reveals novel altered genes in nasal polyps

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

As grafias não convencionais da coda silábica nasal: análise de dados de EJA

Este artigo trata das grafias não convencionais da sílaba com coda nasal encontradas em textos escritos por jovens e adultos. Para a descrição desses dados de escrita, são consideradas duas complexidades: (i) a fonético-fonológica da sílaba, particularmente do elemento nasal em coda, e (ii) a da representação ortográfica da nasalidade em português. Sob o aspecto fonético, a coda corresponde a uma redução de energia, o que pode tornar os segmentos que preenchem essa posição da sílaba menos audíveis. Sob o aspecto fonológico, a coda pode ser vista como um constituinte não imediato da sílaba cujo preenchimento sofre restrições. Sob o aspecto ortográfico, são três as possibilidades de registro da nasalidade: , como, respectivamente, em campo, canto, maçã. Argumenta-se que as grafias não convencionais analisadas podem ser motivadas pelas características fonético-fonológicas dos enunciados falados (particularmente, da sílaba com coda nasal) e, também, pelas características das convenções ortográficas dos enunciados escritos (especificamente, as convenções para representação da nasalidade da coda). Defende-se que essas grafias não sejam vistas como erros decorrentes da interferência da fala na escrita, mas como pistas da relação constitutiva dos enunciados falados e escritos.

Avaliação da colonização nasal por Staphylococcus spp. resistenteà oxacilina em alunos de enfermagem

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The role of allergic rhinitis in nasal responses to sudden temperature changes

Background: Air conditioning-induced rhinitis in allergic individuals is a common epidemiologic finding, but its physiopathology,is still controversial. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the effects of experimental air conditioning temperature changes on the nasal mucosa of individuals with persistent allergic rhinitis compared with a control group.Methods: A case-control challenge study was performed in a laboratory of thermal comfort with experimental twin challenge chambers set at a 12 C difference in temperature. A group of 32 patients with persistent allergic rhinitis and a group of 16 control subjects were exposed for 30 minutes, 3 times alternately in each chamber. Nasal symptom scores were recorded and nasal samples collected before, immediately after, and 24 and 48 hours after the challenge.Results: the rhinitis group showed a higher symptom score, epithelial shedding, percentage of eosinophils, total inflammatory cells, leukotriene C-4, eosinophil cationic protein, albumin, and tryptase levels compared with controls. There was also a significant increase in symptom score, total cells recovered, percentage of eosinophils, epithelial shedding, albumin, myeloperoxidase, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in both groups compared with baseline levels.Conclusion: Sudden temperature changes led to a more pronounced inflammatory nasal response in the rhinitis group with the recruitment and activation of eosinophils.Clinical implications: Persistent allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for developing sudden temperature change-related rhinitis even in the absence of allergen exposure.

Role of the surface state and structural feature in the thermoreversible sol-gel transition of a zirconyl aqueous precursor modified by sulfuric acid

The sols produced by admixture of ZrOCl2 acidified solutions to hot H2SO4 aqueous solutions were studied to clarify the effects of Cl- and SO42- ions on the kinetic stability of nanoparticles and to obtain some new evidence concerning the mechanism of a thermoreversible sol-gel transition observed in this system. The study of suspensions prepared with different molar ratios R-S = [Zr]/[SO42-] and R-Cl = [Zr]/[Cl-] revealed domains of composition of formation of thermoreversible gels, thermostable sols, and powder precipitation. The effects of R-S and R-Cl on the structural features of nanoparticles and on the particle solution interface were systematically analyzed for samples of thermoreversible and thermostable sol domains. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements revealed the presence of small fractal aggregates in all samples of thermoreversible domains, while compact packing aggregates of primary particles are present in the thermostable sol. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure and elemental chemical analysis revealed that irrespective of the nominal value of R-S and R-Cl all studied samples of the thermoreversible domain are constituted by a well-defined compound possessing an inner core made of hydroxyl and oxo groups bridging together zirconium atoms surrounded on the surface by complexing sulfate ligands. zeta potentials of powders extracted by freeze-drying from the thermoreversible gel revealed a point of surface charge inversion attributed to the specific adsorption of SO42- ion. Thermoreversible gel formation is rationalized by considering the effect of the specific adsorption on the electrical double-layer repulsion together with the temperature dependency of the physical chemical properties of ions in solution.

Butanolides as a common feature of Iryanthera lancifolia and Virola surinamensis

A comparative phytochemical study between pericarps of Iryanthera lancifolia and Virola surinamensis showed that the first one contains a new pair of epimeric 2-alkenyl-gamma-lactones, besides an aryltetralinic lignan and one tocotrienol, while the second species contains the lignans, galgravin and veraguensin, seven juruenolides: juruenolides C, D, F, G and epi-juruenolides D, F, G, together with three pairs of epimeric aliphatic 2-alkenyl-gamma-lactones. Juruenolide F, epi-juruenolides D, F, G and the 2-alkenyl-gamma-lactones are new natural compounds. (C) 1998 Elsevier B.V. Ltd. All rights reserved.

SnO2, ZnO and related polycrystalline compound semiconductors: An overview and review on the voltage-dependent resistance (non-ohmic) feature

The present review describes mainly the history of SnO2-based voltage-dependent resistors, discusses the main characteristics of these polycrystalline semiconductor systems and includes a direct comparison with traditional ZnO-based voltage-dependent resistor systems to establish the differences and similarities, giving details of the basic physical principles involved with the non-ohmic properties in both polycrystalline systems. As an overview, the text also undertakes the main difficulties involved in processing SnO2- and ZnO-based non-ohmic systems, with an evaluation of the contribution of the dopants to the electronic properties and to the final microstructure and consequently to the system's non-ohmic behavior. However, since there are at least two review texts regarding ZnO-based systems [Levinson, L. M., and Philipp, H. R. Ceramic Bulletin 1985;64:639; Clarke, D. R. Journal of American Ceramic Society 1999;82:485], the main focus of the present text is dedicated to the SnO2-based varistor systems, although the basic physical principles described in the text are universally useful in the context of dense polycrystalline devices. However, the readers must be careful of how the microstructure heterogeneity and grain-boundary chemistry are capable to interfere in the global electrical response for particular systems. New perspectives for applications, commercialization and degradation studies involving SnO2-based polycrystalline non-ohmic systems are also outlined, including recent technological developments. Finally, at the end of this review a brief section is particularly dedicated to the presentation and discussions about others emerging non-ohmic polycrystalline ceramic devices (particularly based on perovskite ceramics) which must be deeply studied in the years to come, specially because some of these systems present combined high dielectric and non-ohmic properties. From both scientific and technological point of view these perovskite systems are quite interesting. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The dielectric suppress and the control of semiconductor non-Ohmic feature of CaCu3Ti4O12 by means of tin doping

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Nasal T-cell lymphoma presenting as midline lethal granuloma. Characterization of three cases by clinical markers of lymphomas

The authors report on three cases of so-called midline granuloma submitted to clinicopathologic and immunophenotype studies. The histopathologic features detected were necrosis, vasculitis and an atypical lymphohistiocytic infiltrate. Immunophenotype studies using monoclonal antibodies showed evidence leading to the diagnosis of nasal T cell lymphoma or lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Two of the patients with the presence of progressive or large cells died within 24 months, indicating that the size of the atypical lymphoid cells may be of prognostic significance.

Morfina nasal: Avaliacao da analgesia e dos efeitos colaterais no tratamento da dor pos-operatoria em criancas

Background and Objectives - Postoperative pain is one of the major discomforts but often under treated, especially in the pediatric patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate nasal morphine postoperative analgesia as an alternative drug administration route and show its applicability, effectiveness, tolerability and side effects. Methods - Participated in this study 20 patients aged 3 to 13 years, physical status ASA I and II sequentially submitted the different small and medium-size surgeries. Analgesia was obtained with nasal morphine hydrochloride in aqueous solution in variable concentrations of 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125%. The dose for each instillation has been 0.1 mg.kg -1 at three-hour intervals for 36 postoperative hours. Quality of analgesia in pre-verbal age patients was evaluated by a pain intensity scale based on facial expression and crying, sleep, motor activity, sociability and food ingestion was used. Standardized evaluations were performed at 3-hour intervals. A four-grade scale was used to evaluate tolerability, where: 1) Good; 2) Regular; 3) Bad; 4) Very bad. Result - Postoperative analgesia results have proven to be good and safe, especially from the third evaluation on (6 hours). Drug tolerability has been good, although side effects were observed, especially nausea and vomiting. Conclusions - Patients and relatives accepted the method very well. The nasal route was considered an adequate way for opioid administration although more studies are needed to accept it as a routine for postoperative morphine analgesia.

Electromyographic muscle EMG activity in mouth and nasal breathing children

Mouth breathing may cause changes in muscle activity, because an upper airway obstruction leads may cause a person to extend his/her head forward, demanding a higher inspiratory effort on the accessory muscles (sternocleidomastoids). This purpose of this study is to compare, using electromyography (EMG), the activity pattern the sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles in mouth breathing children and nasal breathing children. Forty-six children, ages 8-12 years, 33 male and 13 female were included. The selected children were divided into two groups: Group I consisted of 26 mouth breathing children, and Group II, 20 nasal breathing children. EMG recordings were made using surface electrodes bilaterally in the areas of the sternocleidomastoideus and upper trapezius muscles, while relaxed and during maximal voluntary contraction. The data were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis statistical test. The results indicated higher activity during relaxation and lower activity during maximal voluntary contraction in mouth breathers when compared to the nasal breathers. It is suggested that the activity pattern of the sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles differs between mouth breathing children and nasal breathing children. This may be attributed to changes in body posture which causes muscular imbalance. Because of the limitations of surface EMG, the results need to be confirmed by adding force measurements and repeating the experiments with matched subjects. Copyright © 2004 by CHROMA, Inc.