Uso de fontes lipídicas na recria de bovinos mantidos em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Produção da Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu, implantada sob diferentes doses, fontes e modos de aplicação de fósforo

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Avaliação da amonização de fenos de resíduo de pós-colheita de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha, cv. Marandu

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Estimativa da ingestão e digestibilidade em bovinos de corte alimentados com Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Suplementação da dieta de novilhos de três grupos genéticos em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Valor bioeconômico da suplementação alimentar para bovinos em pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Produção e composição química da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu adubada com água residuária de suinocultura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Suplementação da dieta de novilhos de três grupos genéticos em pastagem de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

This trial was carried out to study the effects of supplementation level on performance of steers from different genetic groups (Nellore x Red Angus (NR), Nellore (NL) and Holstein crossbred (MH), and three experimental periods. The performance data for first period were analyzed according to randomized block (RB) design, with 3 treatments ((NR, NL and MH)) and 3 blocks. In second period, the RB design used with 3 x 3 factorial design, and 3 blocks. Factor A determined the group (NL and MH) and factor B the supplementation levels (0.2, 0.6 and 1% LW). In third period, the data were evaluated according to completely randomized design, with 2 x 3 factorial design. Factor A determined the group and factor B, three levels of supplementation. In the first, higher weight gain (p < 0.05) was observed for NR (0.79 kg day-1) compared to MH and NL (0.73 and 0.61 kg day-1). The concentrate intake varied for N. NR showed higher (p < 0.05) WG (0.91 kg day-1) compared to NL (0.75 kg day-1) and MH (0.76 kg day-1). The levels of supplements influenced (p < 0.05) WG (0.68, 0.81 and 0.92 referring to levels of 0.2, 0.6 and 1.0% LW). In third period, MH presented greater WG < 0.05) (0.895 kg day-1). No difference was verified on animals with 0.8 and 1.2% LW, with WG of 0.92 and 0.82 kg day-1.

Fontes e doses de nitrogênio na cultura da Brachiaria brizantha cv. xaraés sob condições edafoclimáticas de cerrado

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS

Comportamento ingestivo de bovinos mantidos em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejado em diferentes alturas de pastejo

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of grazing heights on daytime behavioral activities of Nellore beef cattle in the rainy season. The experimental area was 12 hectares divided into paddocks of one hectare each. The treatments consisted of four defoliation heights (15, 30, 45 and 60 cm) in pastures of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes with three replicates each. It was used the continuos grazing method, with variable stocking rate. Forage samples collected on the plots were sent to the laboratory for separation of the botanical components, weighing and determination of dry matter, with the material collected by simulated grazing. The variables: grazing time, idle time and ruminating time were evaluated for 12 consecutive hours on days 15 and 16 February 2011, considering the morning and afternoon periods. It was used a completely randomized design. The height of the canopy significantly influenced the daily grazing time and ruminating time, with a quadratic response as a function of time of defoliation. The bite rate decreased as a function of heights studied. However the chemical composition of the material collected by simulated grazing did not differ between treatments. Xaraes grass swards grazed at around 45 cm height provide greater ease of apprehension by grazing cattle.

Desempenho de bovinos de corte em pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejados em diferentes alturas de pastejo

The production of grazing cattle has been very interesting, due to the low cost to produce fodder, compared to other sources of forage used to feed these animals, but the adequate management pasture has high influence on the success and profitability of cattle production systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the optimum grazing height of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes, which provides the highest individual weight gain and gain per area. The stocking rate was continuous, with variable stocking rate. The experimental period was from January to December 2010. Three Nellore males were used in each experimental plot, and, when needed, additional animals were used for adjusting the desired heights. Monthly sampling was obtained to estimate forage mass (kg.ha(-1) of DM) and the structural characteristics of the pastures, such as, leaf: stem ratio. The animals were weighed at the beginning of the experiment and every 28 days, after 12 hours of fasting, to measure the average daily gain (ADG) After weighings were performed adjustments stocking rate to desired heights. Throughout the experimental period the animals received mineral supplementation. The desired sward heights were 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm, with three replicates each. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments and three replications. To body weight gain (BWG) and average daily gain (ADG), each animal was considered an experimental unit. To gain per area and stocking rate, the paddock was considered the experimental unit. The leaf: stem ratio showed a linear increasing behavior in the spring and summer seasons. The smaller grazing heights provided higher gain per unit area (812.15 kg ha(-1)), while the highest grazing heights promoted high individual weight gain (0.790 kg.dia(-1)). The results suggest that Xaraes grass pastures should be grazed between 30 and 45 cm to allow reasonable performances by area and individual performances.

Produção de forragem e composição estrutural de pastos de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés manejados em diferentes alturas de pastejo

The objective of this study was to analyze the production of dry mass, forage accumulation rate and the structural composition of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraes pastures, managed under different grazing heights in continuous stocking. The experimental area was 12 hectares, divided in paddocks of one hectare each. The treatments were 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm of defoliation heights. Nellore steers were used to reach the desired heights. Every 28 days four cut samples and eight visual samples were collected for comparative performance in the experimental plots. Two grazing exclusion cages were used per treatment to estimate accumulation rates kg.ha(-1) DM. The cut material was taken to the laboratory for separation of the botanical components (green leaf, stem and senescent material), weighing and determination of dry matter. The experimental design was the completely randomized with three replicates. There were treatments effects at all seasons for the production of total mass, except in the spring. In summer and spring seasons it was observed the highest values for leaf blades (1.100 kg DM.ha(-1)). In the winter, the highest values of senescent material was observed, as expected. The average accumulation showed no significant difference among the treatments, except for stem and total mass in the summer and stem in the fall. The tillers were heavier and higher values for number of green leaves per tiller occurred in the fall, but for senescent leaves per tiller ocurred in the winter. Swards grazed at heights between 45 and 60 cm of defoliation, had good production of forage mass and leaf constituent.

Características morfogênicas e estruturais da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu submetida a diferentes doses de nitrogênio e alturas de resíduos

The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate of leaf appearance, leaf elongation rate, number of green leaves, length of blade and stem of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu under different nitrogen levels and two residue heights. A randomized block design was used in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, four doses of nitrogen (100, 200, 300 and 400 kg N ha(-1) year(-1)) and two residue heights (5 and 15 cm). There was significant interaction between residue height and nitrogen levels for leaf appearance rate of signal grass, which was influenced negatively and linearly by the residue heights being observed an average reduction of 28.20% from lower to higher residue. There was no interaction between the levels of nitrogen x residue height on the number of green leaves. The dosage that provided the highest stalk in the residue height of 5 cm was of 271.5 kg N ha(-1). An increase of 0.0745 cm tiller(-1) day(-1) for 1 kg of N ha(-1) applied to height of 15 cm of residue was observed. Nitrogen fertilization contributes positively to growth and development of rates of appearance and leaf extension. The management of pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu with 5 cm of residue and fertilization with 100 kg N ha(-1) provided better answer morphogenic traits.

Suplementação no período das águas de bovinos e bubalinos recriados em pastagem de capim-xaraés (Urochloa brizantha Syn. Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés)

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Energy sources in the supplementation of beef cattle grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)