22 resultados para Atividade diária
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Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC
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The objectives of this study were to evaluate the characteristics of ruminal fluid, blood gas analysis, pedometer activity and suclinical laminitis occurrence, through the presence of secondary foot diseases in high production dairy cows, from a commercial herd. 200 Holstein cows originating from the same farm, located in Araçatuba/SP, Brazil, were divided into four groups, which are established from the daily milk production. Initially clinical examination of the cows was procedure, followed by sampling of rumen fluid, by esophageal tube. Fluid was evaluated for pH, color, odor, consistency, sedimentation, flotation and methylene blue reduction test. Venous blood samples were also collected for blood gas analysis, in addition to collecting data from pedometrics (number of steps) and daily milk production. Data were tabulated and submitted to correlation analysis. No animal had reported changes in rumen pH. Non-acid base imbalance were found, since the values of blood pH, PCO2, TCO2, HCO3- and BE were normal during hemogasimetric analysis. The pedometric was effective as a screening method to cows with foot diseases. It demonstrated reduction in the number of steps due to pain, correlated with lower milk production. However, the identification of foot lesions was only possible through specific digital clinical examination. The occurrence of 49.5 % of herd foot problems was due to the risk factors present in the farm. The abrasive concrete and inadequate facilities, also associated with the possible occurrence of sub-acute ruminal acidosis, were observed as risk factors. However, sub-acute ruminal acidosis was undiagnosed by the methods used. The correlation between the values of ruminal pH, and blood gas analysis pedometrics showed efficient for the early diagnosis of foot diseases and also in establishing the etiology of these diseases. Subclinical laminitis occurred primarily in cow's herd, considering the multifactorial etiology of this disease, occurrence and distribution of foot diseases diagnosed.
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The Cerrado is home to important biodiversity areas in the state of Sao Paulo. Therefore, research on the reproduction of species of this biome are essential to help conservation programs. Pollination is the main mechanism by which outcrossing plants perpetuate their populations, and the attractive, such as nectar, are of vital importance to many anthophilous animals and essential to the maintenance of interactions with pollinators. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the ecological dynamics of secretion and sugar composition of floral nectar in Zeyheria montana, an ornithophilous exclusive Cerrado species, visited preferentially by Colibri serrirostris, also exclusive to this biome. This dynamic was assessed in isolated flowers in pre-anthesis, using microsyringes to collect nectar and manual refractometer to measure the concentration. Experiments were carried out to evaluate production throughout anthesis, including the assessment of total daily production, the effect of successive removal, the rate of production during the day and night and changes in concentration and composition of sugars, which was performed in HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). The rate of nectar production was about three times greater at night with a concentration two times lower, resulting in a supply of large amounts of dilute nectar in the early morning hours, peak of visitation for hummingbirds. Moreover, the production of nectar was more pronounced before the anthesis, and is available to visitors already in newly opened flowers, which are preferentially visited by C. serrirostris. There was an increase in the nectar production of flowers in the group with successive manual removal upon the control group, suggesting that the withdrawal by visitors stimulates the production, ensuring the availability of the resource including flowers previously visited... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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The Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is a chronic, neurodegenerative and progressive disorder, characterized by cognitive decline, affecting brain functions like memory, reasoning and communication, occurrence of behavioral disturbances and difficulty in performing activities of daily living (ADLs). These conditions lead to patient’s dependence, which can cause depressive symptoms in caregivers, due to physical and mental burden caused by of the difficulties of the act of caring. Whereupon, it became necessary to find strategies to improve the caregivers’ quality of life. An interesting hypothesis is that physical activity can be considered a non-pharmacological alternative in reducing depressive symptoms, being an important factor for maintaining the physical and mental well-being of the general population, especially on positive changes in mood and social interaction. This study aimed to analyze the effects of a physical activity protocol on depressive symptoms and burden of caregivers of patients with AD. This experimental study, of longitudinal character, comprised a sample of 19 caregivers, of both genders, divided into two groups: a) intervention group – IG (10 caregivers who participated in a physical activity protocol) and b) control group – CG (9 caregivers who didn’t participate in the physical activity protocol). This protocol, which worked the components of functional ability and social interaction of participants, was held three times a week, being 48 sessions of 60 minutes each, for 16 weeks. Data collect was performed at pre and post-intervention for both groups. The assessment instruments used were: a) Zarit Burden Interview, b) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and c) battery of motor tests of the American Alliance for Health Physical Education Recreation and Dance (AAHPERD). Nonparametric statistics was used, with intra-group comparison by Wilcoxon test... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Ao longo da história, a doença mental passou por diversos períodos de críticas relações com a própria humanidade, exposta à vulnerabilidade dos mitos e pré-concepções que motivaram a perseguição e segregação daqueles seres humanos qualificados como “insanos”. No Brasil, as primeiras intervenções específicas de atendimento à doença mental só ocorreram a partir da segunda metade do século 19. Atualmente a doença mental representa um dos maiores gastos da rede do SUS (Sistema Único de Saúde) (Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, 1999). Nas últimas décadas, a fim de diminuir o tempo de internação e o gasto com medicamentos, um conjunto de iniciativas surgiu como forma de transformar a compreensão cultural e a relação da sociedade com as pessoas que apresentam transtornos mentais. Dentre as novas propostas humanizadoras de atendimento, a educação física e, particularmente, o exercício, vieram mostrar sua contribuição nessa área. Para Silva (1995), a atividade física acarreta uma complexa rede de reações bioenergéticas no organismo e essas acabam por melhorar o rendimento físico e mental dos pacientes nas atividades de vida diária. Tendo em vista a relevância da intervenção através da atividade física no campo da doença mental, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar resultados dos estudos que demonstraram os benefícios da atividade física para indivíduos com transtornos psiquiátricos, considerando os aspectos fisiológicos e emocionais dos mesmos, através de revisão da literatura científica. Para isso, foi feito um levantamento nas principais bases de dados através do cruzamento de palavras chaves, tais como “saúde mental e atividade física”, “doença mental e atividade física”, “esquizofrenia e atividade física”, “transtorno psiquiátrico e atividade física”, “transtorno bipolar e atividade física”. Os resultados dos estudos revelaram que a atividade física possui...
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Alimentos ricos em compostos antioxidantes têm sido difundidos como protetores à saúde devido a sua associação com a redução de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas, como o diabetes mellitus tipo 2, doenças cardiovasculares, entre outras. Tem sido sugerido que as flavanonas cítricas apresentam potencial para reduzir o estresse oxidativo em estados de inflamação crônica, como, por exemplo, na obesidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antioxidante da hesperidina, eriocitrina e eriodictiol em camundongos submetidos a uma dieta hiperlipídica, indutora da obesidade. Foram utilizados 50 camundongos C57BL/6J machos divididos aleatoriamente em 5 grupos (n=10 cada), sendo: (1) grupo controle, tratado com dieta padrão; (2) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica; (3) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica e hesperidina (100 mg/kg peso); (4) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica e eriocitrina (200 mg/kg peso); e (5) grupo tratado com dieta hiperlipídica e eriodictiol (200 mg/kg peso). O estudo teve duração de 30 dias e cada grupo recebeu o composto específico juntamente com a dieta, com base na média de ingestão diária e peso corporal. Foram avaliados a glicose, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, HDL-C e LDL-C no soro através de métodos enzimático-colorimétricos, a capacidade antioxidante pelo método ABTS, e o estresse oxidativo no soro e fígado pelo método de TBARS. Os camundongos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica tiveram aumento da glicose (20%), colesterol total (36%), LDL-C (55%) e peroxidação lipídica hepática (44%), quando comparados aos animais controle. O grupo suplementado com hesperidina reduziu 28% LDL-C em relação à dieta hiperlipídica. Todos os grupos suplementados com flavanonas apresentaram aumento da capacidade antioxidante total no soro (≈ 9,3 %), e redução do TBARS no fígado (≈ 64%). Além disso, os grupos suplementados com eriocitrina e eriodictiol reduziram os níveis de ...
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ