COLOR STABILITY of SEALED COMPOSITE RESIN RESTORATIVE MATERIALS AFTER ULTRAVIOLET ARTIFICIAL AGING and IMMERSION IN STAINING SOLUTIONS

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Progression of experimental chronic peri-implantitis in dogs: Clinical and radiographic evaluation

Background: the aim of this study was to evaluate the progression of experimental peri-implantitis in dogs using implants with different surface coatings.Methods: Thirty-six dental implants with four different surface coatings, commercially pure titanium (cpTi), titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS), hydroxyapatite (HA), and acid-etched (AE), were placed in six mongrel dogs. Five months after implantation, peri-implantitis was induced by cotton ligatures to facilitate plaque accumulation for 60 days. After 60 days, the ligatures were removed and supragingival plaque control was initiated for 12 months. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), vertical bone level (VBL), horizontal bone level (HBL), and mobility were obtained at baseline, and 20, 40, 60 (acute phase), and 425 days (chronic phase) after ligature removal.Results: PD and CAL changed around all implant surfaces after ligature placement (P < 0.0001). However, the means of PD and CAL were not statistically significant among the different surfaces (P > 0.05). The range of CAL variation, calculated between baseline and 60 days (acute phase) and between 60 and 425 days (chronic phase), decreased (P < 0.05). Bone loss increased during the entire experiment (P < 0.0001). The HA surface showed the greatest bone loss measurement (5.06 +/- 0.38 mm) and the TPS showed the smallest bone loss (4.27 +/- 0.62 mm). However, statistical significance was not assessed for different coatings (P > 0.05).Conclusions: the clinical data at the initial phase showed rapid and severe peri-implant tissue breakdown. However, removal of ligatures did not convert the acute destructive peri-implant phase to a non-aggressive lesion and the progression of peri-implantitis was observed at chronic phase. The,experimental peri-implantitis in dogs may be a useful model to evaluate the progression of peri-implantitis.

Biomechanical and histologic evaluation of non-washed resorbable blasting media and alumina-blasted/acid-etched surfaces

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Characterization of Five Different Implant Surfaces and Their Effect on Osseointegration: A Study in Dogs

Background: Chemical modification of implant surface is typically associated with surface topographic alterations that may affect early osseointegration. This study investigates the effects of controlled surface alterations in early osseointegration in an animal model.Methods: Five implant surfaces were evaluated: 1) alumina-blasting, 2) biologic blasting, 3) plasma, 4) microblasted resorbable blasting media (microblasted RBM), and 5) alumina-blasting/acid-etched (AB/AE). Surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and optical interferometry, and chemical assessment by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The implants were placed in the radius of six dogs, remaining 2 and 4 weeks in vivo. After euthanization, specimens were torqued-to-interface failure and non-decalcified - processed for histomorphologic bone-implant contact, and bone area fraction-occupied evaluation. Statistical evaluation was performed by one-way analysis of variance (P < 0.05) and post hoc testing by the Tukey test.Results: The alumina-blasting surface presented the highest average surface roughness and mean root square of the surface values, the biologic blasting the lowest, and AB/AE an intermediate value. The remaining surfaces presented intermediate values between the biologic blasting and AB/AE. The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra revealed calcium and phosphorus for the biologic blasting and microblasted RBM surfaces, and the highest oxygen levels for the plasma, microblasted RBM, and AB/AE surfaces. Significantly higher torque was observed at 2 weeks for the microblasted RBM surface (P < 0.04), but no differences existed between surfaces at 4 weeks (P > 0.74). No significant differences in bone-implant contact and bone area fraction-occupied values were observed at 2 and 4 weeks.Conclusion: The five surfaces were osteoconductive and resulted in high degrees of osseointegration and biomechanical fixation. J Periodontol 2011;82:742-750.

CIE L*a*b*: comparison of digital images obtained photographically by manual and automatic modes

The aim of this study was to analyze the color alterations performed by the CIE L*a*b* system in the digital imaging of shade guide tabs, which were obtained photographically according to the automatic and manual modes. This study also sought to examine the observers' agreement in quantifying the coordinates. Four Vita Lumin Vaccum shade guide tabs were used: A3.5, B1, B3 and C4. An EOS Canon digital camera was used to record the digital images of the shade tabs, and the images were processed using Adobe Photoshop software. A total of 80 observations (five replicates of each shade according to two observers in two modes, specifically, automatic and manual) were obtained, leading to color values of L*, a* and b*. The color difference (AE) between the modes was calculated and classified as either clinically acceptable or unacceptable. The results indicated that there was agreement between the two observers in obtaining the L*, a* and b* values related to all guides. However, the B1, B3, and C4 shade tabs had AE values classified as clinically acceptable (Delta E = 0.44, Delta E = 2.04 and Delta E = 2.69, respectively). The A3.5 shade tab had a AE value classified as clinically unacceptable (Delta E = 4.17), as it presented higher values for luminosity in the automatic mode (L* = 54.0) than in the manual mode (L* = 50.6). It was concluded that the B1, B3 and C4 shade tabs can be used at any of the modes in digital camera (manual or automatic), which was a different finding from that observed for the A3.5 shade tab.

Efeito do extrato aquoso de cabelo de milho (Zea mays L.) sobre a excreção renal de água e eletrólitos e pressão arterial em ratos Wistar anestesiados

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism and heteroplasmy in populations of Aedes aegypti in Brazil

The tropical mosquito Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) is the most important domestic vector of urban yellow fever and dengue viruses. Ae. aegypti originated from Africa and was probably introduced into Brazil during the colonial period through embarkations, and dengue epidemics soon followed. Genetic analysis of 12 Ae. aegypti populations from five states in Brazil was conducted based on two mitochondrial DNA fragments: cytochrome oxidase I and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4. Analyses comparing individual haplotypes indicated the existence of two well-defined clades, probably representing two mitochondrial lineages. Analysis of molecular variance showed significant variability in genetic structure among collections within groups. Mantel regression analysis showed a correlation between genetic and geographic distances, mainly because of northern and northeastern populations, in comparison with those in the southeast. The population from Santos, the largest port in Brazil, showed the greatest diversity, with 10 unique haplotypes, an indication of recent introductions that have not yet spread to other Brazilian cities. Different mitochondrial DNA sequences were found in three specimens, indicating the presence of heteroplasmy.

Gene flow networks among American Aedes aegypti populations

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Seasonal population dynamics and the genetic structure of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti in São Paulo, Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Short report: Application of an alternative Aedes species (Diptera : Culicidae) surveillance method in Botucatu City, São Paulo, Brazil

One of the main problems with dengue is the control of Aedes aegypti, its major vector. In Brazil, the current control program for Ae. aegypti and Aedes albopictus populations includes larval density surveys. An interesting alternative is the use of a distinct index, the Premise Condition Index (PCI). This tool relates conditions of property, such as houses and yards, and the degree of shade with the occurrence of Aedes sp. oviposition, and is calculated as scores from 3 to 9. The lowest score indicates property in good condition and an unfavorable breeding environment, while the highest score indicates property at high risk for infestation by Aedes sp. The present study is based on the application of the PCI in an urban area of Botucatu, Brazil to confirm its effectiveness.

Efficacy of condensed tannin presents in acacia extract on the control of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Caffeine effect on mortality and oviposition in successive generations of Aedes aegypti

OBJETIVO: Experimentos anteriores mostraram que a cafeína bloqueia o desenvolvimento de Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) na fase larval, inibindo conseqüentemente a produção de adultos. O objetivo do estudo foi obter dados que pudessem sugerir desenvolvimento de resistência dos mosquitos à cafeína. MÉTODOS: Foi avaliada a produção de adultos em gerações sucessivas, a partir de ovos produzidos na geração anterior e a taxa de oviposição em cada geração, utilizando meios contendo cafeína a 200 e 500 µg/ml e água de torneira proveniente de poço artesiano como controle. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em São José do Rio Preto, entre 2002 e 2005. Nos testes estatísticos foram utilizados a análise exploratória de dados e algoritmos de alisamento. RESULTADOS: Ocorreu redução crescente da produção de adultos, nas duas concentrações, ao longo das gerações, mas apenas no experimento a 200 µg/ml os dados foram estatisticamente significantes. Quanto à oviposição, a análise dos números mostra redução crescente e acentuada na média de ovos por fêmea, no experimento tratado. CONCLUSÕES: Não houve evidência de resistência ao longo das gerações devido ao tratamento com cafeína. Os resultados encontrados podem reforçar a indicação da cafeína como uma alternativa aos principais agentes de controle do Ae. aegypti atualmente usados, contra os quais os mosquitos têm desenvolvido resistência.

Dynamics at infinity and other global dynamical aspects of Shimizu-Morioka equations

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Desordens temporomandibulares e dor orofacial: estudo da qualidade de vida medida pelo Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short Form Health Survey

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O conhecimento de indicadores de qualidade de vida (QV) relacionados à saúde bucal é especialmente relevante para a Odontologia considerando o impacto que as condições bucais podem provocar no bem estar psicológico e social. Estudos sobre aspectos psicossociais contribuem para maior integração da conduta clínica e assistencial, preocupação compartilhada com profissionais da saúde. Integrar as áreas de Psicologia e Odontologia quebrando paradigmas interdisciplinares e o interesse em conhecer os aspectos psicológicos dos pacientes, motivou a realização deste estudo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a QV dos pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular e/ou dor orofacial. MÉTODO: Foi aplicado o Questionário Genérico de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida - Medical Outcomes Study 36 - Item Short Health Survey (SF-36) a 91 pacientes, que buscaram atendimento por apresentarem sinais e/ou sintomas de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e dor orofacial (DOF). O SF-36 avalia 8 domínios: capacidade funcional (CF), aspectos físicos (AF), dor, estado geral de saúde (EGS), saúde mental (SM), aspectos emocionais (AE), aspectos sociais (AS) e vitalidade (V). RESULTADOS: A análise estatística descritiva e inferencial pela Correlação de Pearson (p-valor < 0,05) demonstrou, com exceção da capacidade funcional (73,2), valores médios entre 50 e 64 para os demais domínios: AF - 57,6; Dor - 50; EGS - 54,5; V - 53,4; AS - 63,6; AE - 51,8; SM - 58. Considerando-se que a pontuação varia de 0 a 100, ou seja, do pior para o melhor estado de saúde, os valores médios foram baixos. Verificou-se correlação entre CF e EGS (p-valor 0,01), tendência de significância para dor e EGS (p-valor 0,07). CONCLUSÃO: Os aspectos dor e capacidade funcional interferem no estado geral de saúde; os pacientes com DTM e DOF sofreram impacto negativo na qualidade de vida pelo prejuízo dos aspectos físicos e mentais.

Caracterização de cálculos renais por análise térmica

Dez amostras de cálculos renais foram estudadas por Análise Elementar de CHN (EA), Espectroscopia de Absorção no Infravermelho (IV) e Difração de raios X pelo método de Pó (XRD). O comportamento térmico das amostras foi estudado por Termogravimetria/Termogravimetria Derivada (TG/DTG) e por Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC). Os resultados de EA, Espectroscopia de Absorção IV e XRD mostraram a presença de estruvita [NH4Mg(PO4).6H2O], apatita, oxalato de cálcio monohidratado e oxalato de cálcio dihidratado. As curvas TG e DSC permitiram classificar as amostras em dois grupos diferentes: Grupo I mostrando comportamento térmico típico de estruvita e Grupo II apresentando um perfil termoanalítico característico de mistura de oxalatos.