Teor de flúor na água de poços superficiais

Most of the water supplies in Brasil have a low Fluoride concentration, however there are some places where these concentrations are above the recommended as suitable for human consumption, causing chronicle intoxication, more specifically, dental Fluorosis. This study aimed to know the Fluoride content naturally present in water from 175 shallow wells located in the rural zone of Gabriel Monteiro city, in São Paulo state, in 2004, and to verify if these contents could prevent dental decay. Armed with a map of the city were located and visited all households in which a sample of water used was collected in a polyethylene bottle, then sent to NEPESCO (Collective Health Research Nucleus) laboratory of the Post-Graduation Program of Preventive and Social Dentistry of the Ara atuba Dental School-UNESP, The method used was the Fluoride ion-specific electrode (Orion 9609 BN), coupled to an ion-analyzer (Orion 710 A). The results showed that in 73.36% of the samples in the Fluoride concentrations was considered despicable (<0.10 ppm F). The Fluoride concentration in water sources do not exceed the values recommended by Brazilian legislation, however, considering the low concentrations of Fluoride found in the sources analyzed, it is important to recommend the use of Fluoride products, if used with proper care, aiming to promote oral health in this population.

Ultrastructure features of the midgut of the female adult Amblyomma cajennense ticks Fabricius, 1787 (Acari: Ixodidae) in several feeding stages and subjected to three infestations

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Photodynamic inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms by malachite green and phenothiazine dyes: An in vitro study

Objectives: The organization of biofilms in the oral cavity gives them added resistance to antimicrobial agents. The action of phenothiazinic photosensitizers on oral biofilms has already been reported. However, the action of the malachite green photosensitizer upon biofilm-organized microorganisms has not been described. The objective of the present work was to compare the action of malachite green with the phenothiazinic photosensitizers (methylene blue and toluidine blue) on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms.Methods: The biofilms were grown on sample pieces of acrylic resin and subjected to photodynamic therapy using a 660-nm diode laser and photosensitizer concentrations ranging from 37.5 to 3000 mu M. After photodynamic therapy, cells from the biofilms were dispersed in a homogenizer and cultured in Brain Heart Infusion broth for quantification of colony-forming units per experimental protocol. For each tested microorganism, two control groups were maintained: one exposed to the laser radiation without the photosensitizer (L+PS-) and other treated with the photosensitizer without exposure to the red laser light (L-PS+). The results were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis.Results: The best results for S. aureus and E. coli biofilms were obtained with photosensitizer concentrations of approximately 300 mu M methylene blue, with microbial reductions of 0.8-1.0 log(10); 150 mu M toluidine blue, with microbial reductions of 0.9-1.0 log(10); and 3000 mu M malachite green, with microbial reductions of 1.6-4.0 log(10).Conclusion: Greater microbial reduction was achieved with the malachite green photosensitizer when used at higher concentrations than those employed for the phenothiazinic dyes. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Models Hosts for the Study of Oral Candidiasis

Oral candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by yeast of the Candida genus, primarily Candida albicans. It is generally associated with predisposing factors such as the use of immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, prostheses, and xerostomia. The development of research in animal models is extremely important for understanding the nature of the fungal pathogenicity, host interactions, and treatment of oral mucosa! Candida infections. Many oral candidiasis models in rats and mice have been developed with antibiotic administration, induction of xerostomia, treatment with immunosuppressive agents, or the use of germ-free animals, and all these models has both benefits and limitations. Over the past decade, invertebrate model hosts, including Galleria mellonella, Caenorhanditis elegans, and Drosophila melanogaster, have been used for the study of Candida pathogenesis. These invertebrate systems offer a number of advantages over mammalian vertebrate models, predominantly because they allow the study of strain collections without the ethical considerations associated with studies in mammals. Thus, the invertebrate models may be useful to understanding of pathogenicity of Candida isolates from the oral cavity, interactions of oral microorganisms, and study of new antifungal compounds for oral candidiasis.

Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to bottom quarks in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Measurement of isolated photon production in pp and PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for Higgs bosons of the minimal supersymmetric standard model in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV D0 Collaboration

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to W+W- in the fully leptonic final state in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for pair production of the scalar top quark in muon plus tau final states D0 Collaboration

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Combined results of searches for the standard model Higgs boson in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Exercise training as a preventive tool for age-related disorders: a brief review

Aging populations are a worldwide phenomenon affecting both developed and developing countries. This issue raises serious concerns for both governments and the general population. Regular participation in physical activity and/or exercise training programs can minimize the physiological alterations that occur during aging and may contribute to improvements in health and well-being. The present review will discuss the role of regular exercise training in preventing age-related physiological decline and, consequently, associated chronic diseases. Compelling evidence that regular exercise and/or physical activity can improve quality of life, prevent or control the development of chronic disease and increase life expectancy is shown. In summary, regular exercise training and/or physical activity has an important influence on aging and may help to prevent age-related disorders.

Caracterização das perdas e distribuição de cobertura vegetal em colheita mecanizada de soja

O conceito de controle de qualidade nas operações inserido na agricultura é viabilizado por incidir diretamente nos principais objetivos do processo produtivo: retorno econômico e aumento da produtividade. A colheita mecanizada normalmente é realizada sem que haja controle efetivo para que a variabilidade das perdas fique dentro de padrões aceitáveis. Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de determinar e caracterizar as perdas e a distribuição da cobertura vegetal após a colheita mecanizada da soja, por meio de ferramenta de controle estatístico de processo (cartas de controle). A média da perda de grãos total foi próxima do limite superior aceitável para a cultura da soja, apresentando alta variabilidade entre os pontos, tornando o processo fora de controle. A distribuição de cobertura vegetal manteve-se em processo controlado, com maior variabilidade onde o relevo foi mais inclinado. A utilização das cartas de controle foi eficiente na identificação dos pontos fora de controle e na avaliação da qualidade do processo de colheita.

Fontes de óleo vegetal na dieta de cordeiros em confinamento

Objetivou-se avaliar a ingestão de matéria seca, o ganho de peso diário, a conversão alimentar, o peso vivo ao abate e o período de confinamento em cordeiros Santa Inês puros e ½Dorset ½Santa Inês, alimentados com dietas isoenergéticas (76,59% de NDT) e isoprotéicas (17,48% de PB) contendo diferentes fontes de óleo vegetal (óleos de soja, canola e linhaça) e uma dieta controle (sem inclusão de óleo vegetal). A relação volumoso:concentrado foi de 30:70 e utilizou-se feno de aveia como volumoso. Realizou-se também um ensaio de digestibilidade, utilizando quatro cordeiros não-castrados, distribuídos em delineamento quadrado latino, avaliando-se ingestão, excreção fecal e digestibilidade total dos nutrientes das rações. A ingestão de matéria seca, expressa em porcentagem do peso vivo, foi menor nos cordeiros que receberam dieta contendo óleo de canola que naqueles que receberam dieta controle. Porém, todas as rações proporcionaram ganhos de peso e conversão alimentar satisfatórios. Os valores de digestibilidade total da matéria seca (76,02%) e matéria orgânica (76,82%) da dieta controle foram superiores aos da dieta contendo óleo de linhaça (72,11% e 72,97%, respectivamente), embora não tenham diferido das dietas contendo óleos de soja (72,94 e 73,71%) e canola (73,45 e 74,25%). A digestibilidade do extrato etéreo foi menor na dieta controle (84,02%), enquanto as demais dietas apresentaram valor médio de 91,98%. Os óleos vegetais reduziram a digestibilidade da matéria seca e da matéria orgânica, não afetando a ingestão e digestão dos demais nutrientes.