Morphological aspects of the capybara stomach (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris): Gross and microscopic structure

The digestive system of the capybara has been investigated because of its coprofagia habits, important for their absorptive activity. These species present differences in terms of gastrointestinal morphological characters when compared with other rodents. Macroscopiclly, the stomach of the capybara is constituted of the following parts: cardiac, pyloric, body, fundic and gastric diverticulum. It presents two curvatures, one big and another small. Externally, the presence of gastric bands (tenias) is observed. With regards to the volumetric view, the gastric capacity varies from 850 to 2010 ml, with an average of 1498.57 ml. So, the stomach of this animal can be classified as a simple stomach, in the format of a curved sack and similar to an inverted letter 'J'. The gastric mucous membrane presents a surface filled by numerous tortuous gastric folds and longitudinally distributed along all its extension. The mucous tunic also possesses recesses located among the successive gastric folds, which were denoted as gastric parts with numerous openings described as gastric pits. In the cardiac part, a glandular epithelium with cardiac glands is noticed containing a lot of parietal and mucous neck cells. The fundic part, body and gastric diverticulum contain proper gastric glands with main, parietal and mucous neck cells. Finally, the pyloric part has pyloric glands with two cellular types, mucous neck and parietal cells.

Incidência de malformações congênitas em crianças concebidas através de injeção intracitoplasmática de espermatozóides

Purpose: to evaluate the incidence and types of major congenital malformations (MCM) in liveborn children conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Methods: a total of 680 liveborn children resulted from 511 couples submitted to ICSI from January, 1999 to December, 2002. Data collection of the children was performed through standardized questionnaire and clinical examination. Of the 511 couples, 366 had been contacted for a sampling of 371 gestations. Of the 680 liveborn, 520 had been evaluated, 250 of them (48.1%) through questionnaire and 270 (51.9%) through questionnaire and physical examination. Two hundred and fifty children were from singleton pregnancies and 270 from multiple pregnancies. Malformations were classified according to the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health. Only MCM were analyzed in this study. The incidence of MCM was compared with that of the general population obtained by the Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations. The statistical analysis was performed by the χ 2 test (level of significance p<0.05). Results: of the 520 children, 15 presented MCM, resulting in an incidence of 2.9%. There was no difference in relation to the control group (p>0.05), which showed 2.6% incidence of MCM. The most frequent malformations were of cardiac origin (four isolated and two associated), corresponding to 40% of the total. The other types of MCM were: renal (three), neural tube (two), skull (one), cleft lip (one), genital (one), Down syndrome (associated with cardiac malformations) (two), and musculoskeletal (one). Six MCM occurred in children from singleton pregnancies and nine in children from multiple pregnancies. Conclusion: the liveborn children conceived by ICSI presented incidence of major congenital malformations (2.9%) near to the expected for the general population (2.6%). However, to establish the risks of MCM with precision it is necessary to continue the evaluation of the children conceived by ICSI.

Altering the adsorptive and electronic properties of Pt through poly(vinyl alcohol) adsorption

In the present paper we investigated the effect of adsorbed PVA on Pt electrodes on classic electrochemical processes such as hydrogen UPD, oxygen reduction and CO electro-oxidation. Upon adsorption PVA blocks roughly 50% of the hydrogen sites and can not be removed from the Pt surface through cycling in the potential range of 0.05-1.0 V vs. RHE. Potentiodynamic experiments under controlled hydrodynamic conditions provided by rotating disk electrode experiments showed a negative impact of the adsorbed PVA on the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Cyclic-voltammetry results revealed that not even CO was able to remove PVA from the Pt surface. Regarding the oxidation of CO, the adsorbed polymer positively shifted the CO oxidation peak potential, therefore higher potentials are required to free the Pt surface from CO poisoning. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy evidenced that the presence of PVA shifted the linearly bound CO frequency toward higher wavenumbers, a process found to be independent of the Pt surface orientation. In situ electrochemical X-ray absorption spectroscopy results showed that PVA also impacted the electronic properties of platinum by decreasing the occupancy of the Pt conducting 5d band. Our findings clearly support the efforts toward understanding the nature of the interaction between polymers and metallic surfaces as well as the impact on technological applications (e.g. in PEMFCs). © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Increase nitric oxide and oxidative stress in dogs experimentally infected by Ehrlichia canis: Effect on the pathogenesis of the disease

The aim of this study was to evaluate nitric oxide levels, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and glutathione reductase activity in serum of dogs experimentally infected by Ehrlichia canis. Banked serum samples of dogs divided into two groups were used: negative control (n=5) and infected by E. canis (n=5). The concentration of nitrite/nitrate (NOx), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity in sera were evaluated. Samples were collected on days 0, 3, 6, 18 and 30 post-infection (PI). NOx and TBARS levels were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the infected group at 18 and 30 days PI, as well as AOPP levels at 30 days PI when compared to samples from control group. The GR activity was significant (P<0.05) increased in serum of dogs infected by E. canis on days 18 and 30 PI. Based on the increased levels of NOx, TBARS, AOPP and GR activity we concluded that dogs experimentally infected by E. canis develop a state of redox imbalance and that these changes might be involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Avaliação das propriedades mecânicas e da microestrutura de aços dissimilares ABNT 8620 e ABNT 6655 LN 28 soldados com arco pulsado com diferentes temperaturas de pré-aquecimento e tipos de tecimento

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Avaliação do potencial imunotóxico do herbicida diuron: estudo de toxicidades de 28 e 90 dias(doses repetidas)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização molecular e biológica do Lettuce big-vein associated vírus e Mirafiori lettuce big-vein vírus e estudo da ocorrência em relação à época e sintoma em plantas de alface no Estado de São Paulo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desempenho do método de Penman modificado por equação proposta de estimativa do saldo de radiação de ondas longas

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Energia na Agricultura) - FCA

Mapeamento RH comparativo do cromossomo X de búfalo de rio (Bubalus bubalis) / Patrícia Ianella

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Suplementação de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados protegidos no desempenho e respostas imunológicas de bovinos nelores confinados

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Sobressemeadura de forrageiras de clima temperado em pastagens tropicais

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

Equivalência métrica do Disease Activity Score (DAS 28) e Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS) na artrite idiopática juvenil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Satisfação dos Usuários do Ambulatório Geral do Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu

The searches for a health service it’s a part of a process, searches for a qualified evaluation can arise the perception, in form of irritating factors taking for an alert state. The personal expectation, it makes influence in its perceptions, too. The objective was to evaluate the satisfaction degree of the users of “Seção Técnica de Ambulatório Geral do Hospital das Clínicas de Botucatu”. The work is about a quantitative and transversal study, with calculated sample of 366 users, chosen randomly and invited to participate through a questionnaire. The population was compounded by a majority of women (64,5%), between 50 to 59 years old and average degree of education (38,3%). 25 specialties were cited. The evaluate about comfort, cleaning, reception, waiting time, medical attention and nursing vary between “very good” and “good”. Obtained significant “regular” assessment, the comfort in the waiting rooms (24%), silence (25%) and cleaning bathroom (63%). Others negative evaluation was the reception about the waiting time (26%), waiting time between arrival and the consultation (34%), waiting time between the request and consultation (27%). 30,6% report to know the place for complaints and 79,4% of these pointed to the ombudsman. 62% consider their problems solved, 84,4% would indicate the hospital, 57,4% would consider the hospital better than imagined. 42,62% used the opened area for thanking, critical for staff, suggestion infrastructure improvements, cleaning and waiting time. The biggest complaint was the staff turnover in the treatment. There was disharmony between the objective and subjective questions, but, all of them must be considered to propose improvements. The satisfaction evaluation makes the service more effective, bringing credibility to the health service and the patients adhere better to the treatment